Reanalysing strong-convective wind damage paths using high-resolution aerial images     

Rodríguez  Oriol  Bech  Joan 《Natural Hazards》2020,104(1):1021-1038

Natural Hazards - High-resolution aerial imagery may provide very detailed information about strong-convective wind events, which can be very useful to enhance and make more robust severe weather...  相似文献   

A Road to Conflict: Stakeholder’s and Social Network Analysis of the Media Portrayals of a Social-Environmental Conflict in Bolivia     

Victoria Reyes-García  Oriol Andrés-Conejero  Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares  Isabel Díaz-Reviriego  José-Luis Molina 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(4):452-472

Society’s understanding of a conflict is mediated by information provided in mass media, for which researchers stress the importance of analyzing media portrays of stakeholders in a conflict. We analyze information from the Bolivian press regarding the construction of a road crossing the Isiboro-Sécure Indigenous Territory and National Park (TIPNIS). Using stakeholder’s and social network analyses, we explore stakeholder’s positions and alliances as represented in the media and contrast it with previous scholarly work. We found that some actors cited as central in scholar analyses of the conflict are largely absent in the media (e.g., private investors, conservationist sector) and that the media tend to present stakeholders as having more homogeneous positions than the academic literature does while also neglecting some important alliances in their account. The media also suggests that Indigenous communities are forging stronger alliances with urban sectors and civil society, alliances not stressed by researchers.  相似文献   

Quantifying sand delivery to deep water during changing sea-level: Numerical models from the Quaternary Brazos Icehouse continental margin     

Oriol Falivene  Bradford E. Prather  John Martin 《Basin Research》2020,32(6):1711-1733

Sequence stratigraphy for clastic continental margins predicts the development of sand-rich turbidite deposits during specific times in relation to base-level cycles. It is now widely understood that deltas can extend to the shelf-edge forced by high sediment flux and/or base level, providing a direct connection to transfer sediment and sand to the slope and basin floor even during high base level periods. Herein, we build a stratigraphic forward model for the last 120 kyr of the fluvio-deltaic to deep-water Brazos system (USA) where sediment partitioning along an Icehouse continental margin can be evaluated. The reduced-complexity stratigraphic forward model employs geologically constrained input parameters and mass balance. The modelled architecture is consistent with the location of depositional units previously mapped in the shelf. Sand bypasses the shelf and upper slope between 35 to 15 kyr before present and only about 20%–30% of all the sediment and sand supplied to the system is transferred to deep water. Several scenarios based on the initial Brazos model investigate the relationships between base level and deep-water sand ratio (DWSR). DWSR is defined as the relative amount of sand transferred to the deep-water portions of the system subdivided by the total sand input to the model. Linear correlations between DWSR and base level change rates or base level are very poor. Short-term variability due to local processes (for example avulsions) is superimposed to the long-term trends and mask the base level signal. DWSR for an entire base-level cycle is mainly controlled by the proportion of time the delta stays docked at the shelf-edge. Stratigraphic forward models are useful to complement field observations and quantify how different processes control stratigraphy, which is important for making predictions in areas with limited information.  相似文献   

Human-induced coastal landslide reactivation. Monitoring by PSInSAR techniques and urban damage survey (SE Spain)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Davide Notti  Jorge Pedro Galve  Rosa María Mateos  Oriol Monserrat  Francisco Lamas-Fernández  Francisca Fernández-Chacón  Francisco Javier Roldán-García  José Vicente Pérez-Peña  Michele Crosetto  José Miguel Azañón 《Landslides》2015,12(5):1007-1014

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Oxidative stress in Laeonereis acuta (Polychaeta, Nereididae): environmental and seasonal effects     

Geracitano LA  Monserrat JM  Bianchini A 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):625-630

Laeonereis acuta was seasonally collected in an industrially polluted site (P) and in an unpolluted site (UP) at the Patos Lagoon estuary (southern Brazil). Glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity (U/mg protein) was determined in five groups of worms from each site. Metallothionein (MT - mol GSH/g ww) and lipid peroxides content (LPO - nmoles of cumene hydroperoxide/g ww) were also measured. Annual mean values for CAT (UP=3.7+/-0.3; P=5.7+/-0.6), GST (UP=0.034+/-0.003; P=0.045+/-0.004) and MT (UP=0.15+/-0.02; P=0.23+/-0.03) were higher (p<0.05) in worms from the P site. In autumn, CAT activity was higher (p<0.05) in worms from the P site (7.6 +/- 1.3) than in those from the UP site (3.6 +/- 0.4). In summer, MT concentration was higher in worms from the P site (0.37 +/- 0.03) than in those from the UP site (0.19 +/- 0.01). No significant difference (p>0.05) in the LPO content was observed in worms from the different sites or collected in different seasons. These results indicate that worms from the polluted site showed higher antioxidant responses than those from the unpolluted site, sufficient to prevent oxidative damage in terms of LPO.  相似文献   

Oxidative stress responses in two populations of Laeonereis acuta (Polychaeta, Nereididae) after acute and chronic exposure to copper     

Geracitano LA  Bocchetti R  Monserrat JM  Regoli F  Bianchini A 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(1):1-17

Acute (4 days) and chronic (14 days) effects of copper were evaluated on the antioxidant defenses of Laeonereis acuta (Polychaeta) collected in unpolluted (UP) and polluted (P) sites. In the acute assay (125 and 250 micro g Cu/l) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities did not change, whereas catalase (CAT) increased in worms from both the sites. Lipid peroxidation was higher in copper exposed worms from the P site. In the chronic assay (62.5 micro g Cu/l) polychaetes from the P site showed enhanced activities of SOD, GST and CAT and higher contents of metallothionein-like proteins and sulfhydrils compared to worms from UP. Differences in responses between polychaetes from UP and P sites suggest that organisms from the polluted site, P, are more susceptible to oxidative stress conditions.  相似文献   

Biomarkers of exposure and effect in the Brazilian flounder Paralichthys orbignyanus (Teleostei: Paralichthyidae) from the Patos Lagoon estuary (Southern Brazil)     

Amado LL  Robaldo RB  Geracitano L  Monserrat JM  Bianchini A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2006,52(2):207-213

Biomarkers of exposure (liver metallothionein-like proteins content and catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities) and effect (liver lipoperoxidation and blood cell DNA damage) of contaminants were analyzed in the Brazilian flounder Paralichthys orbignyanus from the Patos Lagoon estuary (Southern Brazil). Flounders were collected for a year in two sites: "Coroa do Boi" (polluted site) and "Saco do Justino" (non-polluted site). Results indicated that micronucleated cells frequency was the best biomarker to distinguish flounders from the two sites. Taken together, data from DNA damage analyses (micronucleus test and comet assay) indicated that flounders from the non-polluted site efficiently repaired the DNA breaks, contrary to those from the polluted site, which probably had their DNA repair system inhibited or exhausted. Furthermore, data from enzyme activities (catalase and GST) and lipid peroxidation indicated that flounders from the polluted site were under oxidative stress in summer and autumn.  相似文献   

Analysis of Neckel and Chini standard stars in theUBVRI photometric system     

R. Oriol 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1992,198(2):281-298

This paper studies the list of 60 faint standard stars of Neckel and Chini (1980) in theUBVRI Johnson photometric system. These standards have been used due to the collaboration in the HIPPARCOS project of our department, but this work was made in parallel of this and the results were not used.We have re-reduced the standard stars using our own method of reduction from a large number of selected observations made at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional and at the Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, both at Calar Alto, Spain, and at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma Island, Spain.The reduction method used is explained and the results are given for the four colours used: (B-V),(U-B), (V-R), and (V-I), together with theV magnitude, that is, we have corrected many standard stars for each colour and magnitude. These results are supported with graphs where residual colour (o magnitude), is plotted against corresponding colour (or magnitude).Finally, our (V-R) and (V-I) results are compared to those of Tayloret al. (1989), with a good correspondence.Observations were made at Observatorio Astronómico Nacional and Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, at Calar Alto, and in the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos at La Palma. This work was supported, in part, by the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia of Spain, under contract PB85-0017.  相似文献   

Chemical behavior of the Salí River, Province of Tucumán, Argentina     

M. Galindo  M. Vece  M. Perondi  M. Monserrat Aráoz  G. García  M. del V. Hidalgo  M. Apella  M. Blesa 《Environmental Geology》2001,40(7):847-852

Major ionic composition and other chemical parameters were determined at five sampling stations on the Salí River (Province of Tucumán, Argentina). The heavy human usage of the river causes increased levels of dissolved ions, from the dissolution of halite and gypsum, and from the weathering of basic sediments. Correlations demonstrate that sodium chloride and sulphate, and calcium carbonate are the main contributors to dissolved ions in the river. In the polluted region, south of the Celestino Gelsi dam, the main source of calcium and sulphate is the dissolution of gypsum. Large amounts of halite are also dissolved. Weathering of biotite, K-feldspar and albite are suggested by the data. Conductivity, dissolved oxygen and organic matter all indicate severe contamination by organic matter (mainly from sugar-cane processing) in the lower course. The data also demonstrate a substantial improvement in water quality before the discharge of the river at the Río Hondo dam. Data from the Colorado (a tributary of the Salí River) and Medina rivers are also analyzed and compared.  相似文献   

Macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO)     

Rainer Kaltenbaek  Gerald Hechenblaikner  Nikolai Kiesel  Oriol Romero-Isart  Keith C. Schwab  Ulrich Johann  Markus Aspelmeyer 《Experimental Astronomy》2012,34(2):123-164

Quantum physics challenges our understanding of the nature of physical reality and of space-time and suggests the necessity of radical revisions of their underlying concepts. Experimental tests of quantum phenomena involving massive macroscopic objects would provide novel insights into these fundamental questions. Making use of the unique environment provided by space, MAQRO aims at investigating this largely unexplored realm of macroscopic quantum physics. MAQRO has originally been proposed as a medium-sized fundamental-science space mission for the 2010 call of Cosmic Vision. MAQRO unites two experiments: DECIDE (DECoherence In Double-Slit Experiments) and CASE (Comparative Acceleration Sensing Experiment). The main scientific objective of MAQRO, which is addressed by the experiment DECIDE, is to test the predictions of quantum theory for quantum superpositions of macroscopic objects containing more than 10⁸ atoms. Under these conditions, deviations due to various suggested alternative models to quantum theory would become visible. These models have been suggested to harmonize the paradoxical quantum phenomena both with the classical macroscopic world and with our notion of Minkowski space-time. The second scientific objective of MAQRO, which is addressed by the experiment CASE, is to demonstrate the performance of a novel type of inertial sensor based on optically trapped microspheres. CASE is a technology demonstrator that shows how the modular design of DECIDE allows to easily incorporate it with other missions that have compatible requirements in terms of spacecraft and orbit. CASE can, at the same time, serve as a test bench for the weak equivalence principle, i.e., the universality of free fall with test-masses differing in their mass by 7 orders of magnitude.  相似文献