全文获取类型
收费全文 | 566篇 |
免费 | 152篇 |
国内免费 | 269篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 86篇 |
大气科学 | 69篇 |
地球物理 | 240篇 |
地质学 | 412篇 |
海洋学 | 20篇 |
天文学 | 43篇 |
综合类 | 66篇 |
自然地理 | 51篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 60篇 |
2010年 | 45篇 |
2009年 | 34篇 |
2008年 | 21篇 |
2007年 | 46篇 |
2006年 | 83篇 |
2005年 | 88篇 |
2004年 | 131篇 |
2003年 | 80篇 |
2002年 | 54篇 |
2001年 | 52篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 22篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 28篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 27篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1942年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有987条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Xiandong Liu Xiancai Lu Evert Jan Meijer for the Collab 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2011,75(17):4978-4986
The acid chemistry of confined waters in smectite interlayers have been investigated with first principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations. Aiming at a systematic picture, we establish the model systems to take account of the three possible controlling factors: layer charge densities (0 e, 0.5 e and 1.0 e per cell), layer charge locations (tetrahedral and octahedral) and interlayer counterions (Na+ and Mg2+). For all models, the interlayer structures are characterized in detail. Na+ and Mg2+ show significantly different hydration characteristics: Mg2+ forms a rigid octahedral hydration shell and resides around the midplane, whereas Na+ binds to a basal oxygen atom and forms a very flexible hydration shell, which consists of five waters on average and shows very fast water exchanges. The method of constraint is employed to enforce the water dissociation reactions and the thermodynamic integration approach is used to derive the free-energy values and the acidity constants. Based on the simulations, the following points have been gained. (1) The layer charge is found to be the direct origin of water acidity enhancement in smectites because the neutral pore almost does not have influences on water dissociations but all charged pores do. (2) With a moderate charge density of 0.5 e per cell, the interlayer water shows a pKa value around 11.5. While increasing layer charge density to 1.0 e, no obvious difference is found for the free water molecules. Since 1.0 e is at the upper limit of smectites’ layer charge, it is proposed that the calculated acidity of free water in octahedrally substituted Mg2+-smectite, 11.3, can be taken as the lower limit of acidities of free waters. (3) In octahedrally and tetrahedrally substituted models, the bound waters of Mg2+ show very low pKa values: 10.1 vs 10.4. This evidences that smectites can also promote the dissociations of the coordinated waters of metal cations. The comparison between the two Mg2+-smectites reveals that different layer charge locations do not lead to obvious differences for bound and free water acidities. 相似文献
3.
Timothy M Kusky 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2011,(2)
The geometry and timing of amalgamation of the North China craton(NCC) have been controversial,with three main models with significantly different interpretations of regional structure,geochronology,and geological relationships.The model of Zhao G C et al.suggests that the eastern and western blocks of the NCC formed separately in the Archean,and an active margin was developed on the eastern block between 2.5 and 1.85 Ga,when the two blocks collided above an east dipping subduc-tion zone.The model of Kusky ... 相似文献
4.
基于BP神经网络的复合污染体系中沉积物吸附阿特拉津的规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了Cu2+和阿特拉津(AT)复合污染体系中沉积物各活性组分及其交互作用对AT吸附量影响的BP神经网络模型,模型预测值和实验值的相关系数达到0.97,各集合的平均偏差均小于10%。模型显示,AT在沉积物上的主要吸附位是铁氧化物。沉积物吸附AT时铁氧化物、锰氧化物、有机质之间存在显著的交互作用,铁氧化物、锰氧化物交互作用贡献率为-130%~80%,铁氧化物、有机质交互作用贡献率为5%~28%,锰氧化物、有机质交互作用贡献率为-200%~-70%。各活性组分吸附AT的能力及其交互作用受Cu2+的影响较大,其中:Cu2+对AT在铁氧化物上的吸附表现为拮抗作用,对AT在锰氧化物上的吸附表现为协同作用,而对AT在有机质上的吸附影响不显著,同时Cu2+减弱了铁氧化物-锰氧化物和锰氧化物-有机质的交互作用影响,增强了铁氧化物-有机质的交互作用影响。 相似文献
5.
2003年夏季华南持续高温天气过程及热力诊断 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用华南观测的逐日最高气温资料和NCEP逐日再分析资料,对2003年6月29日—8月15日华南持续高温过程的大气环流背景、动力和热力条件进行了诊断分析。结果表明,2003年6月29日—8月15日华南大范围持续高温的前2段高温峰期与副高有关,第3段高温期大陆高压有关,而且3次高温过程都与热带气旋外围下沉气流有密切联系,而前2次持续高温的缓解都与热带气旋登陆和影响华南地区有密切联系。热力诊断发现,3段持续高温期间,近地层大气的局地增温主要是由非绝热加热作用(白天地表感热通量和地面长波辐射加热)造成的,水平温度平流对局地增温作用有负贡献。高温天气过程的晴空少云天气背景有利于白天太阳辐射加热地面,并可造成明显的地面感热通量和地面长波辐射加热近地面层大气,从而导致了持续高温天气过程。 相似文献
6.
7.
The size effect of copper wire radius (0.04–0.82 mm) on the diffusion-limited current density of an oxygen reduction reaction in stagnant simulated seawater (naturally aerated 0.5 mol/L NaCl) is investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and compared with the results obtained in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. In the oxygen diffusion-limited range, size effect is found to occur independent of electrolytes, which is attributed to non-linear diffusion. Additionally, to sati... 相似文献
8.
Geospatial Information Service Based on Digital Measurable Image——Take Image City·Wuhan as an Example 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
LI Deren SHEN Xin State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping Remote Sensing Wuhan University Luoyu Road Wuhan China 《地球空间信息科学学报》2010,(2)
LBS (location-based service) is a remarkable outcome of the development from GIS to geospatial information service. Faced by the requirements of geospatial information from the masses and the opportunity provided by the next generation Internet and Web 2.0, a new model of geospatial information service based on DMI (digital measurable image) is presented. First, the concept of LBS and the opportunities of Web 2.0 are introduced, then the characteristic of DMI is discussed. Taking the Image City·Wuhan as an ... 相似文献
9.
It has long been acknowledged that there are two types of El Nio events, i.e., the eastern Pacific El Nio (EE) and the central Pacific El Nio (CE), according to the initial position of the anomalous warm water and its propagation direction. In this paper, the oceanic and atmospheric evolutions and the possible mechanisms of the two types of El Nio events were examined. It is found that all the El Nio events, CE or EE, could be attributed to the joint impacts of the eastward advection of warm water from... 相似文献
10.
激光雷达测量技术在地学中的若干应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对激光雷达测量技术在全球冰川监测、局部断裂带提取、滑坡监测和稳定性评价以及海岸线提取和海岸侵蚀等方面的应用做了较为全面的综述.作为一种新型的对地观测手段,激光雷达(含星载、机载、车载和地面)的应用已经从传统的测绘扩大到包括文物保护在内的诸多其他应用领域.所综述的激光雷达技术在地学研究中的4个应用方面,是传统地学研究中与全球变化和人居环境最为密切的方向.分析表明,激光雷达技术在这些研究方向中的应用大有作为. 相似文献