A biodiversity evaluation framework for restoration of aquatic macrophyte communities in shallow lakes driven by hydrological process management     

Shuhan Li  Tao Sun  Wei Yang  Baoshan Cui  Xinan Yin 《水文研究》2021,35(1):e13983

Macrophyte community diversity and composition respond to ecosystem conservation and local environmental factors. In this study, we developed a multidimensional diversity framework for macrophyte communities, including the taxonomic and functional alpha and beta diversity. We used the framework to explore the relationships among water level regimes and these diversity parameters in a case study of China's Baiyangdian Lake. Analysis of indicators of hydrologic alteration divided the water level from 1959 to 2019 into four regimes (dry, <6.42 m; low, 6.42–7.23 m; medium, 7.23–8.19 m; high, >8.19 m). Alpha and beta diversity were significantly higher in the medium regime than in the low and high regimes. Redundancy analysis indicated that the maximum water depth significantly affected taxonomic alpha diversity, and total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration significantly affected functional alpha diversity, respectively. Mantel tests showed that TN, Secchi depth (SD), and water depth in the high water level regime significantly increased the total beta diversity and turnover components. TN was the main factor that increased total taxonomic beta diversity. Water level regime mainly influenced interspecific relationships by changing the TN and COD concentration. The water level should be maintained between the medium and high water level regimes to promote restoration of the macrophyte community and improve ecosystem stability. The biodiversity evaluation framework would provide a deeper insight into the hydrological process management for restoration of aquatic macrophyte communities in shallow lakes.  相似文献   

A method for evaluating the longitudinal functional connectivity of a river–lake–marsh system and its application in China     

Yeling Liu  Baoshan Cui  Jizeng Du  Qing Wang  Shuling Yu  Wei Yang 《水文研究》2020,34(26):5278-5297

The longitudinal functional connectivity of a river–lake–marsh system (RLMS) refers to the actual water-mediated transport of material from upstream to downstream areas along a spatial gradient and is fundamental to understand hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. However, due to a lack of consensus on appropriate data and methods, the quantification of connectivity is still a challenge, especially at the catchment scale. We developed a new method to evaluate longitudinal functional connectivity based on fluxes of materials (water, sediment, and chemicals) along a RLMS. The calculation of fluxes is based on the longitudinal pattern of terrain gradient, which influences transport efficiency, and on contributions from hillslopes, which set the initial spatial template of material loading to the RLMS. We evaluate the contributions from hillslopes to RLMS based on a new modified version of the index of sediment connectivity (IC) proposed by Borselli et al. (2008) and revised by Chartin et al. (2017).We applied this method to the Baiyangdian Basin covering an area of 3.4 × 10⁴ km² in China and quantified longitudinal functional connectivity during normal, wet, and dry periods(April, July and December) in year 2016. We found that areas with good structural connectivity exhibited poor functional connectivity during the normal and dry periods. Modelling testing with discharge data from hydrological stations and measured chemicals from Baiyangdian Lake was satisfactory in test periods. We conclude that public data and Digital Elevation Model-derived information can be used to reliably map the longitudinal functional connectivity of RLMSs. The proposed method provides a useful tool for monitoring and restoring the longitudinal functional connectivity of RLMSs and our results indicate that efforts aimed at restoring functional connectivity in RLMSs should take into account landscape patterns that can greatly influence fluxes in the watershed.  相似文献   

基于遗传Elman神经网络进行矿区GPS高程拟合     

张志杰  王维兴  王宝山 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(4):173-177,181

目前,城市、平原地区的似大地水准面建立精度已经达到厘米级,但在矿区进行高程拟合时,由于地面高低起伏没有规则,其似大地水准面的拟合精度并不理想。针对此问题,本文提出利用遗传算法优化Elman神经网络的方法精化似大地水准面,采用移去-恢复法对残差进行建模,使用EGM 2008地球重力场模型和地形起伏信息来精化求解似大地水准面和参考椭球面之间的高程异常,同时着重分析了地球重力场模型以及地形变化信息对高程异常求解的重要性,并使用某矿区实测数据(GPS、水准)对所提方法进行验证,实验结果表明:文中所提方法的精度要优于二次曲面拟合模型和单一Elman模型,其外符合精度达到了1.14 cm,可以代替四等水准测量。  相似文献   

大兴安岭多宝山晚三叠世双峰式侵入岩年代学及地球动力学背景          下载免费PDF全文

刘宝山  程招勋  钱程  张春鹏  钟辉  韩仁萍 《地球科学》2021,46(7):2311-2328

多宝山矿区发现有侵位于晚奥陶世花岗闪长岩的角闪辉长岩和英云闪长岩,二者具有双峰式侵入岩的特征,在详细的野外地质调查基础上,对多宝山双峰式侵入岩进行了岩石学、年代学、地球化学方面的研究,并初步探讨其构造意义.角闪辉长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为224.3±1.7 Ma,英云闪长岩为226.3±2.3 Ma,两者形成于同一构造岩浆作用事件;侵入岩的SiO₂含量呈双峰式,稀土、微量元素特征表明它们具有岛弧岩浆特征,二者具有相同的岩石圈地幔源区,其源区可能受到了俯冲流体交代作用的影响.结合区域构造背景,认为其形成与鄂霍茨克洋壳俯冲有关,产于活动大陆边缘环境,它们可能是受地壳混染的OIB型玄武质岩浆在地壳中部的一个“双扩散”岩浆房通过结晶分异形成的.   相似文献   

中国钼金属矿床特征及资源潜力分析     

陈伟军  洪万华  覃峰  邢宝山 《山东国土资源》2015,31(6)

钼是重要的战略性矿产资源。我国的钼矿床类型多样,主要分为内生和外生等5种类型,其中斑岩型矿床是最重要的矿床类型。钼矿床分布具有区域分带的特点,这种特点与其成矿动力学背景密切相关。在今后钼矿床的勘查找矿工作中,把加强已有矿山的深部和外围找矿与开展非传统地区的勘查找矿相结合,重视内生矿床尤其是斑岩型矿床的成矿潜力,以实现钼矿床的找矿新突破。  相似文献   

遥感影像亮度和反差分布不均匀性校正算法的效果比较   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

朱述龙  张振  朱宝山  曹闻 《遥感学报》2011,15(1):111-122

提出能同时消除亮度和反差分布不均匀现象的分块均值方差变换法, 重点对插值匀光法、MASK 匀光 法、同态滤波匀光法、Retinex 匀光法以及分块均值方差变换法的校正效果进行了实验比较。研究表明: 分块均值 方差变换法既能消除亮度分布不均匀现象, 又能消除反差分布不均匀现象, 而MASK 匀光法、插值匀光法、Retinex 匀光法只能解决亮度分布不均匀问题, 同态滤波匀光法仅能减弱亮度分布不均匀现象; 在匀光效果方面, 分块均 值方差变换法最好, MASK 匀光法次之, 插值匀光法紧随其后, 接下来是Re  相似文献   

高山冰川多时相多角度遥感信息提取方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

都伟冰  李均力  包安明  王宝山  王双亭 《测绘学报》2015,44(1):59-66

提出一种多角度遥感影像的冰川信息提取方法。通过"全域—局部"的阈值分割方法获取短时期内不同时相的遥感影像的冰雪边界,结合地形信息和多时相遥感影像的太阳角度信息,联合消除山体阴影对冰川的遮挡,并以多期影像的最小冰雪边界作为最佳冰川边界。以托木尔峰西侧冰川为研究对象,采用2009—2010年4个时相的遥感影像提取冰川信息。结果表明多角度遥感提取的冰川边界效果好,能有效地排除积雪与山体阴影的干扰。  相似文献   

Assessment of flow paths and confluences for saltwater intrusion in a deltaic river network          下载免费PDF全文

Baoshan Cui  Xiaojing Shao  Zhiming Zhang 《水文研究》2015,29(20):4549-4558

Saltwater intrusion is a serious issue in estuarine deltas all over the world due to rapid urban sprawl and water shortage. Therefore, detecting the major flow paths or locations at risk of saltwater intrusion in estuarine ecosystems is important for mitigating saltwater intrusion. In this paper, we introduce a centrality index, the betweenness centrality (BC), to address this problem. Using the BC as the weighted attribute of the river network, we identify the critical confluences for saltwater intrusion and detect the preferential flow paths for saltwater intrusion through the least‐cost‐path algorithm from a graph theory approach. Moreover, we analyse the responses of the BC values of confluences calculated in the river network to salinity. Our results show that the major flow paths and critical confluences for saltwater intrusion in a deltaic river network can be represented by the least cost paths and the BC values of confluences, respectively. In addition, a significant positive correlation between the BC values of confluences and salinity is determined in the Pearl River Delta. Changes in the salinity can produce significant variation in the BC values of confluences. Therefore, freshwater can be diverted into these major flow paths and critical confluences to improve river network management under saltwater intrusion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

黑龙江多宝山地区晚三叠世岩浆活动对蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋南向俯冲的响应     

刘宝山  程招勋  寇林林  邓昌州  杨晓平  张春鹏  李成禄  韩仁萍 《地学前缘》2022,29(2):132-145

近年来相继在嫩江多宝山地区发现了一系列晚三叠世岩浆岩。但该期岩浆活动的构造背景、成因机制及成矿作用迄今尚未得到很好的解读,这些问题对深入理解该地区构造演化、寻找多金属矿产具有重要意义。本文以多宝山矿区英云闪长岩、争光矿区闪长岩为研究对象进行系统的岩石学、地球化学及同位素年代学研究。锆石的LA-ICP-MS定年结果表明,多宝山英云闪长岩形成时代为(226.3±2.3) Ma,争光闪长岩形成时代为(229.3±3.1) Ma,两者在误差范围内一致,可能是同一岩浆房演化的产物。地球化学特征显示,多宝山英云闪长岩以高SiO₂(64.25%~66.44%)、Al₂O₃(16.54%~17.21%)、K₂O+Na₂O(8.16%~8.49%),低CaO(2.27%~2.95%)、MgO(0.99%~1.16%)、TiO₂(0.31%~0.36%)、P₅O₂(0.16%~0.17%)为特征;争光闪长岩以SiO₂(57.12%~58.5%)、Al₂O₃(14.59%~15.26%)、(Na₂O+K₂O)(5.34%~6.16%)、 TiO₂(0.83%~0.97%)、P₂O₅(0.15%~0.27%)及TFeO/MgO(1.12~1.25)相近为特征;多宝山英云闪长岩亏损Rb、Nb、Sm,富集Ba、U、Zr和Sr,Eu正异常明显(δEu=1.21~1.57),争光闪长岩Rb、Nb、Sm亏损,Ba、Th、Sr、Hf富集,Eu弱正异常(δEu=0.93~1.22)。二者富集轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损重稀土元素(HREE),稀土及微量曲线形态近似,显示同一源区的特征,原始岩浆起源于受俯冲流体交代的地幔楔的部分熔融,形成于与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋板块俯冲有关的活动大陆边缘环境。多宝山矿集区晚三叠世钙碱性岩浆岩的确定指示蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲作用可影响到兴安地块东缘。综合区域晚三叠世矿床成矿时代及成矿背景,证实多宝山地区晚三叠世岩浆活动具有较强的银铜钼成矿能力,成矿潜力巨大。  相似文献   

Temporal trends of hydro‐climatic variables and runoff response to climatic variability and vegetation changes in the Yiluo River basin,China     

Qiang Liu  Zhifeng Yang  Baoshan Cui  Tao Sun 《水文研究》2009,23(21):3030-3039

The Yiluo River is the largest tributary for the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River below Sanmenxia Dam. Changes of the hydrological processes in the Yiluo River basin, influenced by the climatic variability and human activities, can directly affect ecological integrity in the lower reach of the Yellow River. Understanding the impact of the climatic variability and human activities on the hydrological processes in the Yiluo River basin is especially important to maintain the ecosystem integrity and sustain the society development in the lower reach of the Yellow River basin. In this study, the temporal trends of annual precipitation, air temperature, reference evapotranspiration (ET₀) and runoff during 1961–2000 in the Yiluo River basin were explored by the Mann‐Kendall method (M‐K method), Yamamoto method and linear fitted model. The impacts of the climatic variability and vegetation changes on the annual runoff were discussed by the empirical model and simple water balance model and their contribution to change of annual runoff have been estimated. Results indicated that (i) significant upwards trend for air temperature and significant downwards trend both for precipitation and ET₀ were detected by the M‐K method at 95% confidence level. And the consistent trends were obtained by the linear fitted model; (ii) the abrupt change started from 1987 detected by the M‐K method and Yamamoto method, and so the annual runoff during 1961–2000 was divided into two periods: baseline period (1961–1986) and changeable period (1987–2000); and (iii) the vegetation changes were the main cause for change of annual runoff from baseline period to changeable period, and climatic variability contributed a little to the change of annual runoff of the Yiluo River. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献