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By taking the Yong River for example in this paper, based on the multiple measured data during 1957 to 2009, the change process of runoff, tide feature, tidal wave, tidal influx and sediment transport are analyzed. Then a mathematical model is used to reveal the influence mechanism on hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment transport of the wading engineering groups such as a tide gate, a breakwater, reservoirs, bridges and wharves, which were built in different periods. The results showed the hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment transport of the Yong River changed obviously due to the wading engineering groups. The tide gate induced deformation of the tidal wave, obvious reduction of the tidal influx and weakness of the tidal dynamic, decrease of the sediment yield of flood and ebb tide and channel deposition. The breakwater blocked estuarine entrances, resulting in the change of the tidal current and the reduction of the tidal influx in the estuarine area. The large-scale reservoirs gradually made the decrease of the Yong River runoff. The bridge and wharf groups took up cross-section areas, the cumulative affection of which caused the increase of tidal level in the tidal river. 相似文献
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河流水沙运动对污染物迁移转化效应研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
河道内水流和泥沙是污染物迁移转化的主要载体,研究河道内污染物迁移转化过程以及水沙运动对其影响对于治理日益恶化的河流水环境非常重要。结合国内外研究最新动态,对水沙运动作用下污染物迁移转化的试验研究、作用机理、理论模式和数学模型等进行了总结和概述,重点对几种典型的理论模式和数学模型进行了比较分析。目前河流水沙运动对污染物迁移转化效应相关研究存在试验方法比较局限、作用机理存在分歧、理论模式和数学模型不完备等问题,需要进一步进行室内和野外试验技术创新、颗粒界面动力学的微观探索以及污染物在上下覆水和界面上迁移转化理论研究。对河流水沙运动对污染物迁移转化效应研究的研究方向提出了展望。 相似文献
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利用声学多普勒流速仪(Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry,ADV)自动测速系统和平面激光诱导荧光(Plane Laser Induced Florescence,PLIF)系统对同向圆射流的速度场和浓度场进行了系统的研究,并与前人的工作进行了比较和讨论。时均特性测量结果表明,射流主体段下游各断面的速度和浓度横向分布是自相似的,且近似可用高斯分布来表示;随着射流向下游传播,射流中心流速逐渐衰减,在强射流区和弱射流区遵循不同的规律;紊动特性测量结果表明,下游各断面的紊动强度横向分布是自相似的。 相似文献
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对水流模拟的发展历史进行了总结,指出阻碍水流模拟发展的主要问题,提出克服这些瓶颈问题的方法是将智能科学与水利科学交叉融合,实现水流的智能模拟。据此,介绍了水流智能模型理论,结合遗传算法、模糊逻辑、元胞自动机、混沌分析理论、人工神经网络、专家系统、数据挖掘等智能理论和技术,对水流智能模拟的实现途径作了探讨,并指出建造一个优秀的水流模拟智能系统的关键是联合运用各种智能方法,认为智能化是当前水流模拟发展的新方向,水流智能模型将是水利科学的一种新的研究途径,并将在研究水流问题上具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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四面体透水框架群作为一种新型的防冲促淤措施已经在各种河流工程中得到推广应用,由于其特殊的几何形状,仅依靠常见的量测手段确定其绕流场结构存在较大困难,使得对该类方法防护机理的理解受到限制。在CFD通用程序Fluent平台上建立三维水动力数值模型,对单一贴壁四面体透水框架的清水流场进行模拟,并与超声测速仪(ADV)实测结果进行对比验证。研究表明该数值模型有效地补充了三维复杂流场的物理实验结果,有助于理解四面体框架的防护机理。改变水力参数,计算得到阻力系数CD相对于雷诺数Re的变化曲线,当Re>105时,单一贴壁四面体框架的阻力系数CD为一常数值,大小为1.557。 相似文献
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针对城市河网缺乏足够的实测资料和河网水动力学模型模拟速度慢的特点,提出将河网水动力学模型与遗传算法、神经网络方法结合,建立河网智能模型。模型中,利用河网水动力学模型提供神经网络所需的信息,遗传算法用于优化神经网络的初始权重。将该模型应用于上海市浦东新区河网中,智能模拟结果与经过实测资料验证的河网水动力学模型的模拟结果吻合较好,表明河网智能模型精度与水动力学模型接近。同时实时性较好,可用来预测河网水位变化特性,也为今后类似研究提供一种模拟技术。 相似文献
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在介绍模式分类方法的基础上,通过分析BP神经网络训练结果发现:高、低含沙水流挟沙力的变化规律有相似之处,说明挟沙规律不宜作为区别高、低含沙水流的标准,与前人的分析比较吻合;当多沙流体宾汉剪应力大于或小于某一数值组次的资料占总数的绝大多数时,这些组次训练结果与实测值符合较好,而另外组次训练结果与实测值有较大差别,这说明低含沙流体随着含沙量的增加流变方程由牛顿体向宾汉体模型转化时对应的宾汉剪应力有一个临界值。因此可将多沙流体的宾汉剪应力是否达到相应的临界值,作为区分高、低含沙水流的标准。对电木粉高含量的流体,该临界值约为3.2×10-1Pa。 相似文献
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An elliptic jet and a square jet flowing into a counterflow with different jet-to-current velocity ratios are investigated by using realizable k–ε model. Some computed mean velocity and scalar features agree reasonably well with experimental measurements, and more features are obtained by analyzing the computed results. After fluid issues from a nozzle, it entrains ambient fluid, and its velocity and concentration on the centerline decay with the distance downstream from the potential core (l0). The decay ratio increases with the decreasing jet-to-current velocity ratio α. For an elliptic jet, the evolution of the excess velocity half-width b and the concentration half-width bc merely remains constant near the jet exit on major-axis plane while they increase linearly on the minor-axis plane. However, the half-widths on the major-axis and minor-axis plane become proportional to the axial distance downstream after equaling each other. For a square jet, b and bc increase linearly with the distance downstream from the jet exit, but the spread ratio is larger on the middle plane than that on the diagonal plane before they equal each other. The radial extent of the dividing streamline rs or the mixing boundary rsc increases linearly downstream, and decreases exponentially after reaching a peak at xb. The ratio on the minor-axis plane is larger than that on the major-axis plane for an elliptic jet. The characteristics are the same for the square jet. b, bc, rs, and rsc on two corresponding planes become equal to each other more rapidly for the square jet than for the elliptic jet, because the sharp corner of the square nozzle induces secondary structures that are more intense. The distributions of the excess axial velocity and scalar concentration exhibit self-similarity for either the elliptic jet or square jet in the region of l0 < x < xb. On the cross section, four counter-rotating pairs of vortices, which enhance the entrainment between the jet and counterflow, form at the four corners of the square jet or at the two ends of the major-axis plane of the elliptic jet. The recirculation pattern formed by these axial vortices is more complex for the square jet than that for the elliptic jet. The turbulent kinetic energy k have large value in the region near the jet exit and stagnation point. The maximum value of k for the square jet is larger than that of the elliptic jet near the jet exit. This results in the square jet mixing more strongly than the elliptic jet. 相似文献