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在三亚天涯海角潮间带沉积物中发现了一定量的海洋趋磁细菌,最大丰度可达100个/cm3。透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察发现该区域趋磁细菌绝大多数为趋磁球菌。磁小体形状单一,皆为棱柱形;磁小体排列方式多样,以链状排列为主,包括单链、双链,也有少数成簇排列。高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)与X-射线能谱仪(EDXS)结果表明,磁小体成分为Fe3O4。趋磁细菌的铁含量平均为2.05%(0.70%~7.53%)。通过16S r RNA基因文库的构建与测序,在78个阳性克隆中得到了16个趋磁细菌序列,分属9个OTU。系统发育分析结果表明,其中8个OTU属于α-变形菌纲,1个OTU属于γ-变形菌纲。在全部9个OTU中,有8个OTU与已知趋磁细菌序列的相似性低于97%,有5个OTU与已知趋磁细菌序列的相似性低于93%,说明该区域存在可观的趋磁细菌资源。 相似文献
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Magnetotactic bacteria are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that synthesize magnetic crystals, enabling them to navigate in relation to magnetic field lines. Morphologies of magnetotactic bacteria include spirillum, coccoid, rod, vibrio, and multicellular morphotypes. The coccid shape is generally the most abundant morphotype among magnetotactic bacteria. Here we describe a species of giant rod-shaped magnetotactic bacteria(designated QR-1) collected from sediment in the low tide zone of Huiquan Bay(Yellow Sea, China). This morphotype accounted for 90% of the magnetotactic bacteria collected, and the only taxonomic group which was detected in the sampling site. Microscopy analysis revealed that QR-1 cells averaged(6.71±1.03)×(1.54±0.20) m m in size, and contained in each cell 42–146 magnetosomes that are arranged in a bundle formed one to four chains along the long axis of the cell. The QR-1 cells displayed axial magnetotaxis with an average velocity of 70±28 mm/s. Transmission electron microscopy based analysis showed that QR-1 cells had two tufts of fl agella at each end. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16 S r RNA genes revealed that QR-1 together with three other rod-shaped uncultivated magnetotactic bacteria are clustered into a deep branch of A lphaproteobacteria. 相似文献
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Magnetospira sp.QH-2是一株分离自黄海潮间带的海洋趋磁螺菌,该菌磁小体排列不整齐,并且磁小体链内某些区域排列疏松,推测与其磁小体岛上的mam K编码的Mam K蛋白相关。mam K开放阅读框大小为1086 bp,编码361个氨基酸,Mam K蛋白属于NBD_sugar-kinase_HSP70_actin超家族,为非跨膜蛋白;此外,还利用生物信息学工具预测Mam K蛋白二级和三级结构。系统进化分析显示Mam K蛋白的系统进化和16S r RNA基因的系统进化有一定差异,推测磁小体岛的获得可能与菌种的进化是独立的两个过程;淡水与海水中的趋磁螺菌虽然形态相似,但系统进化地位有一定差异,可能是两者不同生境下适应性演化的结果。 相似文献
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