An algorithm to resolve γ-rays from charged cosmic rays with DAMPE     

Zun-Lei Xu  Kai-Kai Duan  Zhao-Qiang Shen  Shi-Jun Lei  Tie-Kuang Dong  Fabio Gargano  Simone Garrappa  Dong-Ya Guo  Wei Jiang  Xiang Li  Yun-Feng Liang  Mario Nicola Mazziotta  Maria Fernanda Munoz Salinas  Meng Su  Valerio Vagelli  Qiang Yuan  Chuan Yue  Jing-Jing Zang  Ya-Peng Zhang  Yun-Long Zhang  Stephan Zimmer 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(3)

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE),also known as Wukong in China,which was launched on 2015 December 17,is a new high energy cosmic ray and γ-ray satellite-borne observatory.One of the main scientific goals of DAMPE is to observe Ge V-Te V high energy γ-rays with accurate energy,angular and time resolution,to indirectly search for dark matter particles and for the study of high energy astrophysics. Due to the comparatively higher fluxes of charged cosmic rays with respect to γ-rays,it is challenging to identify γ-rays with sufficiently high efficiency,minimizing the amount of charged cosmic ray contamination. In this work we present a method to identify γ-rays in DAMPE data based on Monte Carlo simulations,using the powerful electromagnetic/hadronic shower discrimination provided by the calorimeter and the veto detection of charged particles provided by the plastic scintillation detector. Monte Carlo simulations show that after this selection the number of electrons and protons that contaminate the selected γ-ray events at～10 Ge V amounts to less than 1% of the selected sample.Finally,we use flight data to verify the effectiveness of the method by highlighting known γ-ray sources in the sky and by reconstructing preliminary light curves of the Geminga pulsar.  相似文献   

Fault geometrical model of Dujiangyan section in Longmenshan fault zone          下载免费PDF全文

Hu-Rong Duan  Sheng-Lei Chen  Run Li  Quan-Chao Yan 《地震科学（英文版）》2018,31(3):126-136

The focal mechanism solution on the seismic fault plane can reflect the geometric and kinematic characteristics of faults, and it is an important way to further study the fine structure of fault plane. From the focal mechanism solution of the earthquakes around the Dujiangyan fault in Longmenshan fault zone, we derived the average dip angle of Dujiangyan fault is 45.1° based on the seismic moment tensor theory. In order to refine the fault geometry structure, this paper decomposed it into multiple sub-fault planes along the length and width of the fault plane and forms a number of models A13, B13, A23 a, A23 b, A23 c, B23 a,B23 b and B23 c, then calculated the sub-fault's dip of each model. In order to clarify exactly which one of the fault models is closest to the real fault model, the fault slip was carried out for each model in turn, then compared the surface displacement of each model with GPS observations. The results show that B23 c model with high dip in shallow and small dip in deep is the best model, the lengths of each subfault of Dujiangyan fault from south to north are 33 km, 21 km and 46 km, respectively. When the depth of the fault bottom is about 11 km, the dip angles are 70.56°, 67.41° and 45.55°.When the depth of the fault bottom is about 30 km, The fault dip angles are 44.55°, 29.18° and 44.25°.  相似文献   

Variation in soil saturated hydraulic conductivity along the hillslope of collapsing granite gullies   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Xiaoqian Duan  Yusong Deng  Yu Tao  Yangbo He  Lirong Lin 《水文科学杂志》2018,63(5):803-817

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_s) affects the soil hydrological process and is influenced by many factors that exhibit strong spatial variations. To accurately measure K_s and its scale, spatial variability and relationship with collapsing gullies, we analysed four double-ring infiltrometer diameters in three soil layers during in situ experiments designed to measure K_s in two typical collapsing gullies (three slope sites) in Tongcheng County of China. The results showed that K_s increased with increasing inner ring diameter, but no significant difference existed between inner diameters of 30 and 40 cm. The K_s in red soil layers was higher than that in sandy soil layers, the transition layers had the lowest values. K_s also varied with slope position, gradually decreasing with distance from the gully head. The suggestion is that the spatial variation in K_s is affected not only by the intrinsic soil properties but also by the interaction with the collapsing gully.  相似文献   

城市“腾笼换鸟”产业转型升级的困境与出路——基于北京市的调查研究     

王颖  段霞  吴康 《地理科学》2020,40(5):786-792

剖析北京“腾笼换鸟”产业转型升级的现状,在针对“新鸟”进笼“老鸟”去哪问题,“老笼”空间结构合理优化问题,“老鸟”涅槃“新鸟”培育问题,“老鸟”和“新笼”承接问题的分析基础上,提出应完善京津冀产业链协作,“腾笼换鸟”拓展区域联动发展空间;东西城合并成首都特区,“腾笼换鸟”保护北京历史文化名城;切实发挥政府的职能作用,“腾笼换鸟”提升企业内在动力机制;规划建设“微中心”小城镇,“腾笼换鸟”促进北京人口有效疏解的建议。  相似文献   

中学地理科学实验的六大类型及其案例分析     

杨崝源  段玉山  姚泽阳  马倩怡  刘妍君 《地理教学》2020,(3):9-15

依据实验的根本目的,为拓展学生对地理过程的理解,体验真实的地理原理,笔者将中学地理科学实验划分为经典实验室实验、时间变化模型实验、类比实验、空间变化模型实验、物理模型实验以及计算机模型实验六大类型,并对每一类型实验进行举例分析,希望以此深化地理科学实验的理论研究、丰富地理科学实验的实践案例、培养学生的地理核心素养,为地理科学实验教学研究提供新的视角。  相似文献   

科尔沁湿草甸参考作物蒸散发模拟分析     

李霞  刘廷玺  段利民  王冠丽  童新  周亚军  杨晓君 《中国沙漠》2020,40(2):134-143

为探明气候变化下干旱半干旱地区湿草甸参考作物蒸散发(ET₀)影响因子,使用FAO 56 P-M模型对科尔沁湿草甸ET₀进行模拟,利用涡度相关系统对模型的适用性进行评价,并通过通径分析及指标敏感性分析对ET₀的影响因子进行辨识。结果表明:(1)小时尺度模拟精度最高,日尺度次之,月尺度较差,小时尺度上晴、阴、雨3种天气条件下模拟效果不同,晴天最优,阴雨天较差。(2)ET₀年内变化呈单峰曲线状,生长季明显高于非生长季,集中在3—10月,占全年89.79%。生长季典型晴天ET₀逐小时分布特征遵循倒“U”单峰型变化规律。(3)通径分析结果显示,对ET₀的通径系数以及对回归方程估测可靠程度E的总贡献均表现为VPD(饱和水汽压差) > T_min(最低气温) > R_n(冠层表面净辐射)>u₂(2 m高度风速),即VPD为影响ET₀最重要的因子;指标敏感性分析中,在去除VPD后引起的E变化最大,说明ET₀对VPD的变化最为敏感,其次为u₂、T_min和R_n。  相似文献   

云平台下地震监测台网软件系统的应用方案研究     

李勇  段毅 《震灾防御技术》2018,13(1):245-253

针对数字化地震台网JOPENS软件系统的技术特点及功能需求，在对当前各种主流云计算平台进行比较的基础上，基于较为合适的阿里云计算平台，提出了在云环境下部署JOPENS系统的应用方案。测试结果表明JOPENS系统部署在云环境下能够提升测震台网中心运行的稳定性及可扩展性，并节约运行维护成本。该研究对于当前三网融合新形势下云南省地震台网的建设及运行工作具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Preprocessing photospheric vector magnetograms for nonlinear force-free field extrapolation of the global corona     

Ai-Ying Duan  Huai Zhang 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(7)

Nonlinear force-free magnetic field(NLFFF) extrapolation based on the observed photospheric magnetic field is the most important method to obtain the coronal magnetic field nowadays.However, raw photospheric magnetograms contain magnetic forces and small-scale noises, and fail to be consistent with the force-free assumption of NLFFF models. The procedure for removing the forces and noises in observed data is called preprocessing. In this paper, we extend the preprocessing code of Jiang Feng to spherical coordinates for a full sphere. We first smooth the observed data with Gaussian smoothing, and then split the smoothed magnetic field into a potential field and a non-potential field.The potential part is computed by a numerical potential field model, and the non-potential part is preprocessed using an optimization method to minimize the magnetic forces and magnetic torques. Applying the code to synoptic charts of the vector magnetic field from SDO/HMI, we find it can effectively reduce the noises and forces, and improve the quality of data for a better input which will be used for NLFFF extrapolations applied to the global corona.  相似文献   

Non-point source pollution estimation in the Pingqiao River Basin,China, using a spatial hydrograph-separation approach     

Han Xue  Kaoru Takara  Bin He  Guangwei Huang  Weili Duan 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(8):962-973

For efficient and targeted management, this study demonstrates a recently developed non-point source (NPS) pollution model for a year-long estimation in the Pingqiao River Basin (22.3 km²) in China. This simple but physically reasonable model estimates NPS export in terms of land use by reflecting spatial hydrological features and source runoff measurements under different land-use types. The NPS export was separately analysed by a distributed hydrological model, a spatial hydrograph-separation technique, and an empirical water quality sub-model. Simulation results suggest that 57 890 kg of total nitrogen (TN) and 1148 kg of total phosphorus (TP) were delivered. The results, validated with observed stream concentrations, show relative errors of 23.3% for TN and 47.4% for TP. Countermeasures for urban areas (5.3% of total area) were prioritized because of the high contribution rate to TN (14.1%) and TP (26.2%) which is caused by the high degree of runoff (8.5%) and pollution source.  相似文献   

Evaporation from seasonally frozen bare and vegetated ground at various groundwater table depths in the Ordos Basin,Northwest China     

Zaiyong Zhang  Wenke Wang  Chengcheng Gong  Zhoufeng Wang  Lei Duan  Tian‐chyi Jim Yeh  Peiyuan Yu 《水文研究》2019,33(9):1338-1348

In cold climates, the process of freezing–thawing significantly affects the ground surface heat balance and water balance. To better understand the mechanism of evaporation from seasonally frozen soils, we performed field experiments at different water table depths on vegetated and bare ground in a semiarid region in China. Soil moisture and temperature, air temperature, precipitation, and water table depths were measured over a 5‐month period (November 1, 2016, to March 14, 2017). The evaporation, which was calculated by a mass balance method, was high in the periods of thawing and low in the periods of freezing. Increased water table depth in the freezing period led to high soil moisture in the upper soil layer, whereas lower initial groundwater levels during freezing–thawing decreased the cumulative evaporation. The extent of evaporation from the bare ground was the same in summer as in winter. These results indicate that a noteworthy amount of evaporation from the bare ground is present during freezing–thawing. Finally, the roots of Salix psammophila could increase the soil temperature. This study presents an insight into the joint effects of soil moisture, temperature, ground vegetation, and water table depths on the evaporation from seasonally frozen soils. Furthermore, it also has important implications for water management in seasonally frozen areas.  相似文献