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D. maculates is a kind of specialized Schizothoracinae fish has been locally listed as a protected animal in Xinjiang Province,China. Ili River located in north of Tianshan Mountain and Tarim River located in north of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were two main distribution areas of this fish. To investigate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of D. maculates,four populations from Tarim River system and two populations from Ili River system were collected in this study. A 570-bp sequence of the control region was obtained for 105 specimens. Twenty-four haplotypes were detected from six populations,only Kunes River population and Kashi River population shared haplotypes with each other. For all the populations examined,the haplotype diversity(h) was 0.904 8±0.012 6,nucleotide diversity(π) was 0.027 9±0.013 9,and the average number of pairwise nucleotide differences(k) was 15.878 3±7.139 1. The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) showed that 86.31% of the total genetic variation was apportioned among populations,and the variation within sampled populations was 13.69%. Genetic differences among sampled populations were highly significant. F st statistical test indicated that all populations were significantly divergent from each other(P 0.01). The largest F st value was between Yurungkash River population and Muzat River population,while the smallest F st value was between Kunes River population and Kashi River population. NJ phylogenetic tree of D-loop haplotypes revealed two main clades. The neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis suggested that the fish had went through a recent population expansion. The uplift of Tianshan Mountain and movement of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau might contribute to the wide genetic divergence of D. maculates in northwest China. 相似文献
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近几十年的观测证实到达地球表面的总辐射呈逐年下降的趋势（即＂全球变暗＂现象）,伴随这一现象的是其散射辐射比例的增加.很多观测表明散射辐射比例增加能够显著提高植物光合生产能力,但其机理并不十分明确.本文采用三维建模方法,利用由田间原位测定的灌浆期水稻群体空间结构数据构建三维冠层模型,使用考虑了入射辐射几何特征的冠层三维光分布模型,模拟了冠层的光分布和光合生产潜力.结果表明,在入射总辐射一定范围内降低的情况下,水稻群体光合速率可因散射辐射比例增加而显著高于入射总辐射未降低时的值,其原因是散射辐射比例增加显著降低了群体中低于光补偿点的叶面积比例,同时显著提高了位于光响应曲线线性部分的叶面积比例.散射辐射比例的变化对冠层上部叶片的光强分布和光合速率有显著影响.基于三维模型进行模拟其计算量巨大,本文采用高性能计算系统以并行机制构建模型,很好地解决了这个问题. 相似文献
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