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Guppies( Poecilia reticulata) are considered a candidate model species for the identification and testing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Male guppies may be used to address the challenge of making potential linkages between alterations of biomarkers, both at the cellular and organ level, and adverse outcomes. In the present study, a predictive relationship between sex characteristics and reproductive output was observed in male guppies that underwent a long-term toxicity test with 0.5 μg/L 17 β-estradiol administered during the juvenile period. Radioimmunoassay and western blot analyses demonstrated that 17 β-estradiol exposure caused a significant increase in testicular 17 β-estradiol levels as well as the induction of exposure biomarkers, namely hepatic vitellogenin. Exposure to 17 β-estradiol also caused a significant decrease in testosterone levels, which consequently reduced the gonadosomatic index, sperm counts, and the coloration index. These changes of male sexual characteristics further translated into adverse influences on reproduction, as measured by a decrease in offspring production and survival rate. Our results suggest that the above-mentioned sexual characteristics of male guppies may be considered potential in vivo biomarkers of estrogen effects on reproduction. 相似文献
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气候变化和人类活动是影响草地动态变化的主要因素,准确掌握其在草地动态变化过程中的相对作用是保障草地生态安全的基础。该文以植被净初级生产力(NPP)为评价指标,定量评估了2000-2016年内蒙古草地变化特征以及气候变化与人类活动的相对作用。结果显示:2000-2016年内蒙古呈恢复趋势的草地面积为489 334 km~2,占区域草地总面积的94.2%;气候变化及其与人类活动的共同作用是内蒙古草地恢复的主导因素,其引致的草地恢复面积分别占草地恢复总面积的54.9%和45.1%;降水量增加和生态保护工程实施分别是引起草地恢复的主要气候因子和人类活动因子,过牧等不合理的人类活动是导致草地退化的主导因子;受区域环境影响,不同类型草地恢复的主导因子不同。 相似文献
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