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根据 M onteith 的植冠面热量平衡方程来讨论植冠面温度计算的气候学模型方法。讨论了:(1)植冠显热( H )、潜热( L E) 和净辐射( Rn) 各通量与气象台站观测资料的联系;(2) Rn 项中晴天有效辐射( Eo) 实验公式中湿度函数f (e) 在中国应用时的季节修正;(3) 植被土壤热通量( G) 的估算与其误差的影响;(4)根据气象台站的气候背景资料与参考植被的生物生理特征参数,运用 New ton Raphson 迭代方法求解植冠面温度;(5)模拟结果。 相似文献
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城市区域南北朝向室内表面温度特征 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
使用12月、4月、8月昆明城市区建筑物室内小气候的观测资料,分析了室内不同方位的墙体表面温度的特征、变化规律及差异。结果表明:南北朝向房屋不同内壁表面温度存在显著的时间和季节变化,4月和8月内壁表面温度较高,12月较低;12月室内表面温度变化受房屋朝向影响十分显著,4月和8月影响较小;南屋12月夜间S壁表面温度最大,昼间E壁最小;4月和8月则反之,夜间E壁表面温度最大,昼间S壁最小;北屋3个月份内夜间E壁表面温度均最大,昼间N壁最小。以上所得结果可为探讨房屋微气候特征和形成机制、原因,建筑物的合理设计和规划,以及改善人们居住环境的深入研究提供依据,并且为其它地区的相关研究提供参考。 相似文献
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城市区域内建筑物墙体内外壁表面温度特征的比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
使用12月、4月、8月昆明城市区域内建筑物墙体内外壁表面温度的观测资料,分析了不同朝向墙体内外壁表面温度的特征、变化规律及差异。结果表明:4月和8月墙体内外壁表面温度较高,12月较低;不同朝向墙体之间的差异以天气晴朗的4月和12月较大,多云天8月最小;4月和8月E向墙体的内外壁表面温度均最大,S向次之,N向最小:而12月S向墙体的内外壁表面温度在一段时段内甚至超过了E向;内壁表面温度的日较差低于外壁表面,且其出现最高、最低温度的时间均较外壁表面有所延滞。 相似文献
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Internal and external wall surface temperatures (Tws) in April, August and December in Kunming, a city in low latitude plateau, were investigated. Results showed that the Tws in April were of the highest among the three, followed by August and December.… 相似文献
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RADIATION OF ALL WAVELENGTHS ON FINE WINTER DAYS INSIDE AND OUTSIDE LOW-LATITUDE CITIES OVER PLATEAU
The observation of radiation of different wavelengths was conducted in the urban and rural areas of Kunming City. The main results for clear days obtained in this paper are summarized as follows. (1) In the urban area.the fluctuation of radiation of different wave length are larger in the urban area due to strong effect of pollution.The radiation (difference and ratio between urban and rural areas) is lesser in the urban than in the rural areas.The difference is outstanding in the morning when the pollution is strong. (2) In the urban area of cities on low.latitude plateau, percentage of radiation of different wavelengths in total radiation differ between the morning and afternoon on fine winter days, so do that between the urban and rural areas and relevant variations, and the difference is most substantial at the time before midday when the air pollution is serious. (3) The difference between the urban and rural areas also exists for the diurnal total, totals for the time before and after midday in radiation of all wavelengths under the same sky conditions. 相似文献
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