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中国第22次南极科学考察(2005年11月至2006年3月)期间,测定了南极普里兹湾海域5个站位的从表层至150 m水深的不同层位水样中溶解态和颗粒态234Th,238U的放射性比活度以及颗粒有机碳.利用234Th/238U在上层水体中的不平衡,计算了南极普里兹湾上层水体中234Th的平均停留时间和输出通量.结果显示,随着纬度的增加,上层水体中颗粒态和溶解态234Th的平均停留时间总体趋向减小,并在中纬度站位出现了最低值,分别为1~8和29~48 d,而颗粒态和溶解态234Th的输出通量则在中纬度站位出现了最大值,分别为21~38和26~39 dpm/(m3·d).运用箱型清除模式,利用两种不同的方法估算了各水柱中从真光层底部输出的POC通量,平均值分别达到104.7 mmol/(m2·d)(E法)和120.6 mmol/(m2·d)(B法),表明南极普里兹湾夏季存在很高的新生产力,它将会对该海域碳的生物泵过程产生重要作用. 相似文献
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珊瑚礁生态系统拥有较高的生物多样性,为人类提供了丰富的生物资源及生态服务功能与价值。我国多处滨海核电站周边存在造礁珊瑚,而南海珊瑚岛礁也是未来海上漂浮核电站重要的潜在应用场景。基于在珊瑚礁中14C、90Sr和137Cs的已有研究,分析了珊瑚礁中关键人工放射性核素的研究动态,提出了基于核素在珊瑚骨骼与海水分配系数的分类原则,探索了低度(137Cs)、中度(129I)和高度(14C>239+240Pu>90Sr,236U)富集的三大类核素在珊瑚骨骼中的富集规律,利用欧盟的ERICA模型开展上述人工放射性核素和天然放射性核素210Po对珊瑚虫的辐射剂量评估,定量计算不同核素对珊瑚虫的剂量率排序依次为14C>90Sr>137Cs>239+240Pu> 相似文献
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南沙海域基于234Th-238U不平衡的颗粒态有机碳输出通量研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用234Th-238U不平衡方法研究南沙群岛海域春季真光层颗粒动力学性质,测定了4个站位水柱中颗粒态有机碳(POC)、溶解态及颗粒态234Th和238U的含量,讨论了各站位水柱中234Th/238U)A.R.的垂直分布.运用稳态箱式模型计算各站位不同水层中溶解态234Th相对于清除至颗粒物的平均停留时间和颗粒态234Th相对于迁出作用的平均停留时间.结合POC/234ThP比值,用两种方法估算出各站位的颗粒态有机碳输出通量分别为8.51-34.94和13.28-50.06mmol·(m2·d)-1.两种方法结果一致,说明234Th是表征POC循环的良好示踪剂. 相似文献
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234Th-238u disequilibria were applied to examine the particle dynamics in the euphotic zone of the central South China Sea during the spring 2002 cruise. The particulate organic carbon (POC), 234Th (including both dissolved and particulate) and 238U in the water column at three stations were determined. The profiles of 234Th/238U activity ratio at the three stations all showed consistent 234Th deficit as compared to 238U in the upper 100 m water column. Based on the profiles of the dissolved and particulate 234Th and a steady state box model, the dissolved 234Th scavenging rates, the particulate 234Th removal rates and their resident times were quantified. It was found that the POC downward export fluxes out of the upper 100 m euphotic zone ranged from 9.40 to 14.78 mmol.m-2.d-1. The results from this study provide new information for our understanding of carbon biogeochemical cycle in the South China Sea. 相似文献
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堆积在湖泊、港湾的沉积物保留了沉积物来源及人类活动影响的信息,通过对沉积物和区域自然、社会经济环境的研究可以了解自然过程及人类活动对环境变化的影响,作出环境变化的预测[1],为区域生态、环境保护和改善以及区域经济建设决策提供科学依据.铅-210具有特定的核性质(衰变类型、半衰期、衰变能量等)和地球化学行为[2],是百年时间尺度沉积物纪年的良好示踪剂[3~4],已被广泛应用于湖泊、海湾及河口等工业革命以来沉积过程的研究,并反映出较好的计年结果[5~13].本文利用铅-210对厦门杏林湾现代沉积速率进行了研究,并对比了不同时期的地形图,同时结合区域历史沿革来探讨其影响因素. 相似文献
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During the Second Chinese National Arctic Expedition (CHINARE) from July to September 2003, depth profiles of dissolved and particulate 234Th in upper water columns were collected at two stations of BR03 and BR24 in the Bering Sea. 234Th was sampled by using a traditional Fe(OH)3 co-precipitation technique, which is a reliable approach to 234Th measurement. We observed 234Th excess at station BR03 below the euphotic zone, which was possibly due to the intensive remineralization of particulate matter. Particulate organic carbon (POC) export fluxes were estimated from a one-dimensional irreversible steady state model of 234Th fluxes together with measurements of the POC/234Th ratio on the suspended particles. The POC export fluxes from the euphotic zone were 11.66 and 11.69 mmol C m-2 d-1 at BR03 and BR24 stations,respectively. The ratios of POC fluxes to primary production at the two stations were about 0.5 and 0.59, respectively, probably due to the presence of large phytoplankton (in particular diatoms). 相似文献
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楚科奇海和白令海通过白令海峡相连,是气候变化研究的关键区域。利用210Pb过剩法开展两个海域沉积过程和生源物质的埋藏通量研究。研究发现,白令海陆架区沉积柱样(NB22)受到生物扰动影响,楚科奇海沉积物柱样(R17)所受生物扰动很小。通过建立模型,获得楚科奇海陆架区的沉积速率为0.6±0.1 mm·a~(-1),白令海陆架区的沉积速率为2.1±0.7 mm·a~(-1)。忽略沉积过程,白令海陆架区由生物扰动引起的混合因子为1.38±0.92 cm2·a~(-1);考虑沉积过程,则混合因子为0.65±0.95 cm2·a~(-1)。白令海的有机碳、生源硅、Ca CO3的埋藏通量分别为:6.85 mmol C·m-2·d-1、37.7 mmol Si·m-2·d-1、3.15 mmol C·m-2·d-1;楚科奇海的有机碳、生源硅、Ca CO3的埋藏通量分别为:5.71 mmol C·m-2·d-1、9.78 mmol Si·m-2·d-1、3.08 mmol C·m-2·d-1。楚科奇海陆架区具有高效的垂直输运的海洋生物泵,白令海陆架区海洋生物泵可能存在较强的水平输运过程。海洋沉积物中210Pb信号不仅可以定量沉积速率和埋藏通量,也在一定程度上反映海洋底栖生物的扰动强度。 相似文献
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采用Pb-Po法测定了楚科奇海陆架沉积物中210Pb的垂直剖面.应用双层模型研究210Pb分布,得到沉积速率(S)为0.145cm/a,沉积物堆积通量(FM)为78mg/(cm2·a),过剩210Pbex的沉积通量为6×10-3Bq/(cm2·a)[即0.36dpm/(cm2·a)].用中子活化分析方法和火焰原子吸收法分析测定了沉积物岩芯12个层段的重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Co、Fe、Mn和V的含量,发现各层段之间重金属含量没有显著的区别.将本次分析结果和北冰洋其他一些陆架区的研究结果及页岩标准值相比较,发现楚科奇海沉积物中大部分重金属含量都相对较低.基于此可以推断,楚科奇海沉积物中重金属是源于地球化学过程的作用,没有表现出受到明显的人为重金属污染影响. 相似文献
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^234Th-^238U disequilibria were applied to examine the particle dynamics in the euphotic zone of the central South China Sea during the spring 2002 cruise. The particulate organic carbon （POC）, ^234Th （including both dissolved and particulate） and ^238U in the water column at three stations were determined. The profiles of ^234Th/^238U activity ratio at the three stations all showed consistent ^234Th deficit as compared to ^238U in the upper 100 m water column. Based on the profiles of the dissolved and particulate ^234Th and a steady state box model, the dissolved ^234Th scavenging rates, the particulate ^234Th removal rates and their resident times were quantified. It was found that the POC downward export fluxes out of the upper 100 m euphotic zone ranged from 9.40 to 14.78 mmol·m^-2·d^-1. The results from this study provide new information for our understanding of carbon biogeochemical cycle in the South China Sea. 相似文献
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测定了中国第2次北极科学考察期间(2003年7-9月)得到的白令海海域2个站位海水样品中溶解态及颗粒态234Th,238U和颗粒有机碳的含量。溶解态、颗粒态及总234Th的放射性在真光层中显著低于母体238U的放射性,总的234Th与238U在水深大于100m时趋于放射性平衡。BR03站位200m层位出现234Th的过量现象,可能是由于颗粒物再矿化造成的。利用234Th/238U在上层水体中的不平衡,估算了白令海上层水体真光层中234Th的平均停留时间和输出通量,并结合一维不可逆稳态模型估算出颗粒有机碳从真光层中的输出通量分别为11.66和11.69mmolC·m-2.d-1,大约分别占初级生产力的50%和59%,可能由于较大个体的浮游植物特别是硅藻的存在而造成。结果为进一步弄清白令海在全球碳循环中的作用提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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