System identification of instrumented bridge systems     

Yalin Arici  Khalid M. Mosalam 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(7):999-1020

Several recorded motions for seven bridge systems in California during recent earthquakes were analysed using parametric and non‐parametric system identification (SI) methods. The bridges were selected considering the availability of an adequate array of accelerometers and accounting for different structural systems, materials, geometry and soil types. The results of the application of SI methods included identification of modal frequencies and damping ratios. Excellent fits of the recorded motion in the time domain were obtained using parametric methods. The multi‐input/single‐output SI method was a suitable approach considering the instrumentation layout for these bridges. Use of the constructed linear filters for prediction purposes was also demonstrated for three bridge systems. Reasonable prediction results were obtained considering the various limitations of the procedure. Finally, the study was concluded by identifying the change of the modal frequencies and damping of a particular bridge system in time using recursive filters. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

建筑物沉降规律的综合时序分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

崔晓东  兰孝奇  张兵良 《现代测绘》2004,27(1):36-38

建筑物的沉降监测数据序列具有趋势变化和随机变化的特点，本文针对两种变化项的特点分别建立相应的数学模型，再将其组合起来建立综合数学模型，从总体上把握沉降数据序列的变化规律。实例计算分析表明，此方法具有较高的拟合精度和预测能力，具有一定的应用参考价值。  相似文献   

IPCC AR6报告解读：未来的全球气候——基于情景的预估和近期信息     

周天军  陈梓明  陈晓龙  左萌  江洁  胡帅 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(6):652-663

依据IPCC第六次评估报告（AR6）第一工作组报告第四章的内容,对未来全球气候的预估结果进行解读。报告对21世纪全球表面气温、降水、大尺度环流和变率模态、冰冻圈和海洋圈的可能变化进行了系统评估,并对2100年以后的气候变化做了合理估计。评估指出全球平均表面气温将在未来20年内达到或超过1.5℃,平均降水也将增加,但随季节和区域而异,同时变率将增大。大尺度环流和变率模态受内部变率影响较大。到21世纪末,北冰洋可能出现无冰期;全球海洋会继续酸化,平均海平面将持续上升,百年内上升幅度依赖不同排放情景,都在2100年后继续升高。在最新的评估中采用多种约束方法,减小了预估不确定性的范围。AR6对于低排放情景以及“小概率高增暖情节”的关注为应对气候变化提供了更多、更完整的信息。综合报告的评估结果指出,未来需要进一步减小区域,特别是季风区气候预估的不确定性,并从科学研究和模式发展两方面加强我国气候预估能力的建设。  相似文献   

IPCC AR6报告解读：极端天气气候事件变化     

周波涛  钱进 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(6):713-718

与IPCC第五次评估报告（AR5）相比,在第六次评估报告（AR6）评估中,观测的极端天气气候事件变化证据,特别是归因于人为影响的证据加强。人类活动造成的气候变化已影响到全球每个区域的许多极端天气气候事件。随着未来全球变暖进一步加剧,预估极端热事件、强降水、农业生态干旱的强度和频次以及强台风（飓风）比例等将增加,越罕见的极端天气气候事件,其发生频率的增长百分比越大。这些结论再次凸显了应对气候变化和极端天气气候事件的必要性和紧迫性。  相似文献   

Modelling coastal land use change by incorporating spatial autocorrelation into cellular automata models   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yongjiu Feng  Qianqian Yang  Zhonghua Hong  Li Cui 《国际地球制图》2018,33(5):470-488

This paper presents a spatial autoregressive (SAR) method-based cellular automata (termed SAR-CA) model to simulate coastal land use change, by incorporating spatial autocorrelation into transition rules. The model captures the spatial relationships between explained and explanatory variables and then integrates them into CA transition rules. A conventional CA model (LogCA) based on logistic regression (LR) was studied as a comparison. These two CA models were applied to simulate urban land use change of coastal regions in Ningbo of China from 2000 to 2015. Compared to the LR method, the SAR model yielded smaller accumulated residuals that showed a random distribution in fitting the CA transition rules. The better-fitting SAR model performed well in simulating urban land use change and scored an overall accuracy of 85.3%, improving on the LogCA model by 3.6%. Landscape metrics showed that the pattern generated by the SAR-CA model has less difference with the observed pattern.  相似文献   

最近十多年来冰冻圈加速萎缩——IPCC第六次评估报告之冰冻圈变化解读     

钟歆玥  康世昌  郭万钦  吴晓东  陈金雷 《冰川冻土》2021,44(3):946-953

政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）于2021年8月发布了第六次评估报告第一工作组报告《气候变化2021：自然科学基础》。该报告基于最新的观测和模拟研究,评估了冰冻圈变化的现状,并采用CMIP6模式对未来变化进行了预估。报告明确指出,近十多年来冰冻圈呈现加速萎缩状态：北极海冰面积显著减小、厚度减薄、冰量迅速减少;格陵兰冰盖、南极冰盖和全球山地冰川物质亏损加剧;多年冻土温度升高、活动层增厚,海底多年冻土范围减少;北半球积雪范围也在明显变小,但积雪量有较大空间差异。冰冻圈的快速萎缩加速海平面的上升。未来人类活动对冰冻圈萎缩的影响将愈加显著,从而导致北极海冰面积继续减少乃至消失,冰盖和冰川物质将持续亏损,多年冻土和积雪的范围继续缩减。报告也提出,目前冰冻圈研究仍存在观测资料稀缺、模型对各影响因素的敏感性参数和过程描述亟需提升、对吸光性杂质的变化机制认知不足等问题,从而影响了对冰冻圈变化预估的准确性,未来需要重点关注。  相似文献   

Analysis of the Decadal and Interdecadal Variations of the East Asian Winter Monsoon as Simulated by 20 Coupled Models in IPCC AR4     

HE Shengping  WANG Huijun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2012,26(4):476-488

Using the output data of 20 coupled climate models used in IPCC AR4 and observational data from NCEP, the capability of the models to simulate the boreal winter climatology of the East Asian sea level pressure, 850-hPa wind, and surface air temperature; the decadal variations of the East Asian winter mon- soon (EAWM) intensity and EAWM-related circulation, and the interdecadal variations of EAWM-related circulation are systematically evaluated. The results indicate that 16 models can weakly simulate the declin- ing trend of the EAWM in the 1980s. More than half of the models produce relatively reasonable decadal variations of the EAWM-related circulation and the interdecadal di?erences of EAWM-related circulation between the boreal winters of 1960-1985 and 1986-1998, including the weakened Siberian high, Aleutian low, and East Asian trough, the enhanced Arctic oscillation and North Pacific oscillation, and a deepened polar vortex. It is found that the performance of the multi-selected-model ensemble in reproducing the spatial dis- tribution of the variations is encouraging, although the variational amplitudes are generally smaller than the observations. In addition, it is found that BCCR_BCM2.0, CGCM3.1_T63, CNRM_CM3, CSIRO_MK3.0, GISS-ER, INM_CM3.0, and MRI_CGCM2.3.2 perform well in every aspect  相似文献   

华山树木年轮年表的建立   总被引：83，自引：2，他引：83  

邵雪梅  吴祥定 《地理学报》1994,49(2):174-181

本文以秦岭东部的华山为例，论述了建立常规标准化、差值、自回归标准化这三种树木年轮年表的途径，指出了在半湿润地区利用这种途径建立树木年轮气候学年表的必要性，并进一步分析了三种年表对气候要素的响应及其差异。在取样环境较复杂的地点，建立多种年表有利于深入探讨气候要素与树木生长之间的关系，有推广的价值。  相似文献   

农田土壤水分的随机模拟和预报   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

申双和  周英 《南京气象学院学报》1993,16(3):324-328

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用时间序列模拟和预报天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川年径流总量     

宋强  陈靖 《冰川冻土》1990,(2)

本文把1958—1984年天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川的融水径流总量的时间序列X(t),分解为趋势项L(t)、周期项P(t)、平稳项S(t)、随机项ε(t),使该时间序列表示为X(t)=L(t)+P(t)+S(t)+ε(t)。采用非线性回归提取L(t),用谱分析和Fourier级数提取P(t),余差用自回归方程建模,用上述项的叠加作出预报,按相关指数公式计算R=0.90,效果良好。  相似文献