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1.
Colin P. R. McCarter Stephen D. Sebestyen Susan L. Eggert Randall K. Kolka Carl P. J. Mitchell 《水文研究》2020,34(26):5354-5369
Sustainable fuels legislation and volatility in energy prices have put additional pressures on the forestry sector to intensify the harvesting of biomass for “advanced biofuel” production. To better understand how residual biomass removal after harvest affects forest hydrology in relatively low slope terrain, a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) study was conducted in the USDA Forest Service's Marcell Experimental Forest, Minnesota, USA. Hydrological measurements were made from 2010–2013 on a forested hillslope that was divided into three treatment blocks, where one block was harvested and residual biomass removed (Biomass Removed), the second was harvested and residual biomass left (Biomass Left), and the last block was left as an Unharvested Control. The pre-harvest period (2 years) was 2010–11 and post-harvest (2 years) was 2012–13. Water table elevation at the upslope and downslope position, subsurface runoff, and soil moisture were measured between May–November. Mixed effect statistical models were used to compare both the before-after and “control” treatment ratios (ratios between harvested hillslopes and the Unharvested Control hillslope). Subsurface runoff significantly increased (p < .05) at both harvested hillslopes but to a greater degree on the Biomass Left hillslope. Greater subsurface runoff volumes at both harvested hillslopes were driven by substantial increases during fall, with additional significant increases during summer on the Biomass Left hillslope. The hydrological connectivity, inferred from event runoff ratios, increased due to harvesting at both hillslopes but only significantly on the Biomass Left hillslope. The winter harvest minimized soil disturbance, resulting in no change to the effective hydraulic conductivity distribution with depth. Thus, the observed hydrological changes were driven by increased effective precipitation and decreased evapotranspiration, increasing the duration that both harvested hillslopes were hydrologically active. The harvesting of residual biomass appears to lessen hydrological connectivity relative to leaving residual biomass on the hillslope, potentially decreasing downstream hydrological impacts of similar forestry operations. 相似文献
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对旋挖钻机、转盘钻机各自特点和施工成本进行对比分析,提出组合施工方法设想,并通过工程实例得到成功实践,为以后类似工程提供借鉴。客观地提出了旋挖钻机的使用条件和面临的问题。 相似文献
3.
针对多传感器观测环境下带乘性噪声系统的逆向最优滤波与反褶积融合估计问题 ,本文提出了 1种基于极大似然准则的最优融合算法。该算法中各单传感器间并行计算 ,并且融合中心与单传感器处理中心间无反向通讯 ,因而执行效率较高。仿真表明 ,该融合算法产生的逆向滤波与反褶积比单传感器处理结果有较明显提高 相似文献
4.
Automatic Registration of TOBI Side-Scan Sonar and Multi-Beam Bathymetry Images for Improved Data Fusion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Deep towed side-scan sonar vehicles such as TOBI acquire high quality imagery of the seafloor with very high spatial resolution but poor locational accuracy. Fusion of the side-scan sonar data with bathymetry data from an independent source is often desirable to reduce ambiguity in geological interpretations, to aid in slant-range correction and to enhance seafloor representation. The main obstacle to fusion is accurate registration of the two datasets.The application of hierarchical chamfer matching to the registration of TOBI side-scan sonar images and multi-beam swath bathymetry is described. This matches low level features such as edges in the TOBI image, with corresponding features in a synthetic TOBI image created by simulating the flight of the TOBI vehicle through the bathymetry. The method is completely automatic, relatively fast and robust, and much easier than manual registration. It allows accurate positioning of the TOBI vehicle, enhancing its usefulness as a research tool. The method is illustrated by automatic registration of TOBI and multi-beam bathymetry data from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 相似文献
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徐建荣 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(1)
本研究以真江蓠(Gracilaria asiatica Zhang et Xia)和龙须菜(Gracilaria sjoes-tedtii Kylin)两个不同物种为材料,探索了果孢子的融合方法和条件。由成熟囊果的藻体经阴干刺激后,放散出大量果孢子。两个物种的果孢子在大小和颜色上都有差异。对这两个物种的果孢子用PEG—高Ca~(++)高pH法诱导融合,首次获得成功,融合细胞能再生成杂种植株。 相似文献
7.
基于Google Earth影像图遥感解译在我国西北矿产地质调查中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在新疆扎河坝煤矿、买乌开、科克库都克三幅1∶50000区域地质矿产调查当中,笔者利用Google Earth(GE)图像数据进行了遥感地质解译,获得了满意的效果。在本次遥感解译工作中,所获得的GE卫星影像的清晰度远远大于以往的ETM多波段合成图像。其包含的可解译地质信息也比以往的卫星影像更加丰富。通过对GE影像进行数据采集、完美镶嵌、校正成为1∶5万标准图幅,使其坐标误差控制在30 m以内,并建立了测区内各地质构造单元的解译标志。良好的GE影像图的解译资料推动了野外工作的顺利进行。 相似文献
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小波的SAR和光学图像融合方法比较研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文通过光学图像和SAR图像的融合,对几种典型的小波融合方法进行了分析对比实验,并使用各种评价标准对它们的融合效果给出了评价。在此基础上,对光学图像和SAR图像融合效果的各种评价标准做出了讨论并提出自己的看法。 相似文献
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