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Distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in dacite has been studied so as to get a better understanding of the migration
behavior of REE during alteration. Both unaltered and altered samples were collected in an unpolluted area of Guangxi Zhuang
Autonomous Region, southwest China. The REE concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS. It is concluded that the REE were enriched
during dacite alteration in varying degrees. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of altered samples approximately maintain
the characteristics of unaltered samples. However, if we normalize the REE concentrations of altered samples with unaltered
dacite, fractionation of REE will appear. The LREE are more enriched than HREE in all altered samples with the LREE possibly
precipitated as carbonate minerals. Both positive and negative Eu anomalies exist. Enrichment, immobility and depletion are
noticed for the element Lu. Heavy mineral alteration, difference in stability constant between carbonate LREE and HREE complexes,
downward migration of weathering fluid and microenvironment change may be responsible for the fractionation of REE in the
altered dacite. 相似文献
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Evolution of the Magma Chamber beneath Usu Volcano since 1663: a Natural Laboratory for Observing Changing Phenocryst Compositions and Textures 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
We have investigated the evolution of an active silicic magma-feedingsystem beneath Usu volcano, Japan, where eight eruptions havebeen recorded since AD 1663. All magmatic products contain similartypes of plagioclase and orthopyroxene phenocrysts that consistof homogeneous cores with uniform compositions, and a zonedmantle that increases in size with time. The compositions ofplagioclase and orthopyroxene phenocrysts vary gradually andregularly with time, as do the bulk-rock compositions. The textureof these phenocrysts also changes systematically, caused byprogressive crystal growth, dissolution and diffusion. On thebasis of these observations, we conclude that the same magma-feedingsystem has persisted at Usu volcano since AD 1663. Compositionalvariation of magnetite phenocrysts differs from that of plagioclaseand orthopyroxene, because magnetite has large diffusion coefficientsand should represent magmatic conditions immediately beforethe eruption. Most pumices from Usu volcano contain two typesof magnetite phenocryst, each with a different composition andcrystallization temperature, indicating that two magmas mixedbefore each eruption (approximately several days before). Theend-members changed with time: rhyolite + basaltic andesite(1663); dacite ± rhyolite (1769, 1822, 1853); dacite± dacite (1977, 2000). The temperature of the magma apparentlyincreases with time, and the increase can be explained by sequentialtapping from a magma chamber with a thermal and chemical gradientin addition to injection of high-temperature magma. KEY WORDS: continuous existence of magma chamber; dacite; dissolution and diffusion of phenocrysts; magma mixing; magnetite 相似文献
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Victor B. MAGLAMBAYAN Daizo ISHIYAMA Toshio MIZUTA Osamu MATSUBAYA Yohei ISHIKAWA 《Resource Geology》2001,51(2):107-116
Abstract: The disseminated Au‐Ag telluride Bulawan deposit, Negros island, Philippines, is hosted by dacite porphyry breccia pipes which formed in a Middle Miocene dacite porphyry stock. Electrum and Au‐Ag tellurides occur mostly as grains intergrown with or filling voids between sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and tennantite. Calcite, quartz and rare dolomite are the principal gangue minerals. Four types of alteration were recognized in the deposit, namely; propylitic, K‐feldspar‐sericitic, sericitic and carbonate alteration. Carbonate alteration is correlatable to the gold deposition stage and occurs mostly along fault zones. The δ18O and δ13C compositions of calcite and dolomite in propylite zone and ore‐stage dacite porphyry breccia were determined. The δ18O values of calcite in propylitized andesite range from +12.2 to +14.7%, and their δ13C values range from ‐6.1 to ‐1.0%. The δ18O values of calcite and dolomite in sericite‐ and carbonate‐altered, mineralized dacite porphyry breccia and dacite porphyry rocks range from +15.1 to +23.1%, and the δ13C values of calcite and dolomite range from ‐3.9 to +0.9%. The δ18O and δ13C values of the hydrothermal fluids were estimated from inferred temperatures of formation on the basis of fluid inclusion microthermometry. The δ18O values of hydrothermal fluid for the propylitic alteration were calculated to be +8.5 ‐ +9.5%, assuming 375°C. On the other hand, the δ18O values of ore solutions for base metal and Au mineralization were computed to be +13.6 ‐ +14.6%, assuming 270°C. The hydrothermal fluids that formed the Bulawan deposit are dilute and 18O‐enriched fluids which reacted with 18O‐ and 13C‐rich wallrocks such as limestone. 相似文献
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新元古界青白口系其它大坂组是中祁连地块西段基底岩系之一,对研究中祁连地块元古宙地质构造演化具有重要意义。笔者等通过1∶5万区调工作在其它大坂组中发现了英安质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩夹层,并对凝灰岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学研究。测年结果表明样品中锆石年龄主要分3组。结合区域地质资料,笔者等认为第一组锆石(1456～1524 Ma)和第二组锆石(1018～1021 M)为外来锆石或/碎屑锆石,分别为物源区中元古代早期Columbia超大陆裂解事件和Rodinia大陆聚合事件(格林威尔造山作用)在中祁连地块中的响应;第三组锆石(946～964 Ma)的n(206Pb)/n(238U)加权年龄为958±3 Ma(MSWD=1.4),代表英安质凝灰岩的形成时代。岩石地球化学分析表明,其它大坂组英安质晶屑岩屑凝灰岩样品属于过铝质(A/CNK=1.37～1.75)、高钾(K2O>Na2O,K2O=4.48%～4.86%)、钙碱性(σ=0.89～1.26)火山岩,稀土总量为(149.... 相似文献
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喀拉昆仑火烧云北火山岩发育在乔尔天山断裂附近,玄武岩体和安山岩体在时空上紧密伴生。主量元素测试结果显示,其中玄武岩和英安岩的Si O2含量分别为48.84%~52.44%和62.22%~65.63%,具有明显的Daly间断面,属于典型的双峰式火山岩。玄武岩Al2O3含量较低,MgO、Ca O、Ti O2含量较高,Sr、Ba、K等微量元素强烈亏损,高场强元素Ta、Nb、Ti、Zr无亏损。英安岩具有相对较高的Al2O3、Na2O、K2O含量,较低的MgO、Ca O、Ti O2含量;微量元素具富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、U、K)、亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nb、Ti),显示典型岛弧环境特征。岩石地球化学特征表明二者同属钙碱系列,形成于弧后盆地,属同源演化,英安岩为玄武岩结晶分异的产物。通过对英安岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb方法测年,获得流纹岩形成年龄为(195.5±1.1)Ma,属于早侏罗世。通过对该区域构造演化进行分析讨论,认为乔尔天山一带盆地整体可能处于弧后盆地的发育阶段,盆地形成过程中岩石圈地幔未被拉断,没有洋壳形成。 相似文献
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Mitsuhiro Yoshimoto Toshitsugu Fujii Takayuki Kaneko Atsushi Yasuda Setsuya Nakada Akikazu Matsumoto 《Island Arc》2010,19(3):470-488
A buried, old volcanic body (pre‐Komitake Volcano) was discovered during drilling into the northeastern flank of Mount Fuji. The pre‐Komitake Volcano is characterized by hornblende‐bearing andesite and dacite, in contrast to the porphyritic basaltic rocks of Komitake Volcano and to the olivine‐bearing basaltic rocks of Fuji Volcano. K‐Ar age determinations and geological analysis of drilling cores suggest that the pre‐Komitake Volcano began with effusion of basaltic lava flows around 260 ka and ended with explosive eruptions of basaltic andesite and dacite magma around 160 ka. After deposition of a thin soil layer on the pre‐Komitake volcanic rocks, successive effusions of lava flows occurred at Komitake Volcano until 100 ka. Explosive eruptions of Fuji Volcano followed shortly after the activity of Komitake. The long‐term eruption rate of about 3 km3/ka or more for Fuji Volcano is much higher than that estimated for pre‐Komitake and Komitake. The chemical variation within Fuji Volcano, represented by an increase in incompatible elements at nearly constant SiO2, differs from that within pre‐Komitake and other volcanoes in the northern Izu‐Bonin arc, where incompatible elements increase with increasing SiO2. These changes in the volcanism in Mount Fuji may have occurred due to a change in regional tectonics around 150 ka, although this remains unproven. 相似文献
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南天山南缘发育一条东西向延伸近300km的下二叠统小提坎立克组基性、中性和酸性火山岩带。拜城县铁热克温泉西侧下二叠统小提坎立克组的英安岩具有钙碱性(里特曼指数δ=1.37～1.69)和准铝—过铝质特征(A/CNK=0.89～1.36)。轻稀土富集(La/Yb=10.45～12.77),具有中等铕负异常(δEu=0.57～0.62);微量元素富集Th、Hf、Zr、Tb、Gd、Rb、U,亏损P、Ti、Nb、Ta、Sr、Ba。εNd(288Ma)=-6.35,εSr(288Ma)=117.78,模式年龄(TDM)为1.47Ga。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年获得了206Pb/238U加权平均年龄288.4±3.0Ma(MSWD=2.7)。结合区域地质资料表明,该英安岩很可能源自天山造山带中—下地壳的部分熔融,形成于早二叠世南天山造山带碰撞后伸展背景。 相似文献