Bond rolling resistance and its effect on yielding of bonded granulates by DEM analyses     

M. J. Jiang  H. S. Yu  D. Harris 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2006,30(8):723-761

A discrete element modelling of bonded granulates and investigation on the bond effect on their behaviour are very important to geomechanics. This paper presents a two‐dimensional (2‐D) discrete element theory for bonded granulates with bond rolling resistance and provides a numerical investigation into the effect of bond rolling resistance on the yielding of bonded granulates. The model consists of mechanical contact models and equations governing the motion of bonded particles. The key point of the theory is that the assumption in the original bond contact model previously proposed by the authors (55th CSCE‐ASCE Conference, Hamilton, Ont., Canada, 2002; 313–320; J. Eng. Mech. (ASCE) 2005; 131 (11):1209–1213) that bonded particles are in contact at discrete points, is here replaced by a more reliable assumption that bonded particles are in contact over a width. By making the idealization that the bond contact width is continuously distributed with the normal/tangential basic elements (BE) (each BE is composed of spring, dashpot, bond, slider or divider), we establish a bond rolling contact model together with bond normal/tangential contact models, and also relate the governing equations to local equilibrium. Only one physical parameter β needs to be introduced in the theory in comparison to the original bond discrete element model. The model has been implemented into a 2‐D distinct element method code, NS2D. Using the NS2D, a total of 86 1‐D, constant stress ratio, and biaxial compressions tests have been carried out on the bonded granular samples of different densities, bonding strengths and rolling resistances. The numerical results show that: (i) the new theory predicts a larger internal friction angle, a larger yielding stress, more brittle behaviour and larger final broken contact ratio than the original bond model; (ii) the yielding stress increases nonlinearly with the increasing value of β, and (iii) the first‐yield curve (initiation of bond breakage), which define a zone of none bond breakage and which shape and size are affected by the material density, is amplified by the bond rolling resistance in analogous to that predicted by the original bond model. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Towards the identification of warning criteria: Analysis of a ship accident database   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A. Toffoli  J.M. Lefvre  E. Bitner-Gregersen  J. Monbaliu 《Applied Ocean Research》2005,27(6):281-291

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The status of geological dredging techniques     

R. B. Kidd  Q. J. Huggett  A. T. S. Ramsay 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1990,12(1-2):131-143

Scientific sea-floor dredging is currently used in marine geology primarily by the hard-rock community interested in the recovery of basement rock samples from the unsedimented deep ocean floor. The technique has generally been eclipsed by ocean drilling for recovery of sedimentary rocks, because of perceived uncertainties in the location of sampling and in the representativeness of recovered material. This contribution reviews dredging equipment currently in use by marine geological institutions and refers to pinger attachments that allow precise information on the behaviour of the dredge to be telemetered back to the ship. We argue that improvements in ship navigation and transponder navigation at the seafloor, when used in conjunction with surface and/or deeply towed sidescan and swathemapping surveys, now allow for considerably less uncertainty on the location of dredge sampling. Refined sorting criteria for dredge hauls are now also available. Recent comparisons of regional sample recovery by ocean drilling and by dredge sampling indicate that the dredge hauls can usefully supplement the drilling data in the construction of sedimentary and tectonic histories of seafloor areas.  相似文献   

Structural modeling and testing of a concrete canoe     

F. Paradis  G. Gendron 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(1):206-217

A finite element model is set up and experimental tests are performed to help understand the behavior of a concrete canoe and subsequently optimize its design. First, the performance criteria that must be satisfied to participate at the annual ASCE/Master Builders competition are described. Then, the finite element model and the different loading cases that were studied are presented. Results from these loading cases are discussed and used to optimize the material properties as well as the thickness of the hull and the dimensions of the gunwale and reinforcing ribs. Static and dynamic experimental tests were also conducted to validate the results of the finite element analyses. The results indicate that the main stresses and strains are caused by the static load cases. The additional stresses caused during races are small.  相似文献   

An evaluation of systems for the integrated assessment of capture fisheries     

Duncan Leadbitter  Trevor J. Ward 《Marine Policy》2007

Integrated fishery assessments are intended to take an integrated and wholistic view of fisheries management, to provide comprehensive systems-based evaluations of the sustainability of individual fisheries and their products. Using guidance derived from decision theory and management science, we develop 18 criteria to evaluate the likely effectiveness of nine integrated fishery assessment systems. The assessment systems do not consistently consider four key criteria: the socio-economic impacts of fisheries, the provision of food security, the local relevance of the assessment to the fishery under assessment, and the independent peer review of assessment outcomes. Other important areas of weakness include the lack of appropriate consultation processes relating to both the design of the assessment system and the outcomes of fishery assessments, and limitations in the quality of data and information used in assessments. Improvements will be needed in these areas across all the systems we evaluated if fishers, consumers, managers and other stakeholders are to be provided with consistently reliable assessment outcomes, and an assurance of the sustainability of capture fisheries.  相似文献   

Examination of empirical formulas for wave shoaling and breaking on steep slopes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ching-Piao Tsai  Hong-Bin Chen  Hwung-Hweng Hwung  Ming-Jen Huang 《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(3-4):469-483

Estimation of the wave height transformation of shoaling and breaking is essential for the nearshore hydrodynamics and the design of coastal structures. Many empirical formulas have been well recognized to the wave height transformation, but most of them were only applicable for gentle slopes. This paper reports the experimental results of wave shoaling and breaking over the steep slopes to examine the applicability of the previous empirical formulas. Two steep bottom slopes of 1/3 and 1/5, and one gentle slope of 1/10 were conducted in the present experiments. Experimental results show that the shoaling distance of steep slopes become short and the surface waves may be partially reflected from the steep bottom, thus the estimation of wave shoaling using the well-known previous formula did not conform completely to the experimental results. The previous empirical formulas for the wave breaking criteria were also examined, and the modified equations to the steep beaches were proposed in this work. A numerical model was finally adopted to calculate the wave height transformation in the surf zone by introducing the modified breaking index.  相似文献   

火山热液型铅锌矿床岩石地球化学特征及预测指标   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘崇民  马生明  胡树起  王之峰  汤丽玲  李冰 《物探与化探》2008,32(2):154-158

火山热液型铅锌矿床赋矿围岩、后期脉岩和蚀变岩石中成矿元素铅锌银含量高,矿体元素组合复杂,原生异常发育,并存在着原生分带现象。矿体前缘元素为I、Hg、As、Sb、B、Ba;近矿指示元素是Pb、Zn、Ag、Au、Cd、Mn、Cu;尾部或矿下指示元素为Cu、Mo、W、Sn。根据矿床指示元素的分布规律和原生晕的分带性,研制了判别矿床剥蚀程度和评价异常的地球化学指标,建立了该类矿床的地球化学找矿预测标志。  相似文献   

商城县汤家坪钼矿地球化学特征及找矿远景     

杨泽强 《物探与化探》2008,32(6)

矿区地质、地球化学特征研究入手,总结了综合找矿标志,指出了进一步找矿方向。研究表明该矿床成矿组分单一,异常元素组合主要为Mo、Bi、Ag,次为W、Sn、Zn、Cu、Pb,仅有钼能形成较大规模的异常;矿床元素水平分带序列为(Mo-Bi-Ag)-(W-Sn)-(Pb-Zn-Cu),垂向分带序列为(Mo-Ag-Pb-Zn)-Cu-(Bi-W-Sn),并以w(Mo)/[w(Bi)×100]≥65,[w(Pb)×w(Zn)/w(W)×w(Sn)]≥25为判别标志,来预测深部盲矿体的存在。  相似文献   

舒兰市福安堡钼矿床地质特征及找矿意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孟广才  鲁若飞  王玉增  王振贵 《吉林地质》2008,27(2)

本文较详细地介绍了福安堡中型斑岩钼矿床的地质特征、找矿标志及找矿方法,对在吉林地区北部舒兰—蛟河一带分布的印支—燕山期花岗岩区寻找大、中型斑岩型钼矿床具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

Effects of dynamic shear strength and time-histories stress analysis on newmark sliding block analyses     

LI Hong-jun  CHI Shi-chun  LIN Gao 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):1063-1068

A simplified procedure for evaluating aseismic stability of slope subjected to earthquake shaking, in which the effect of dynamic shear strength and time-history stress on the yielding angular acceleration of sliding block is taken into account, is presented. The fundamental feature of this procedure is the dynamic shear strength. The numerical computations are performed by using the proposed method. It is shown that the computed sliding displacement for a given core dam, with either method of dynamic shear strength properly considered, is more rational compared with the conventional computational results based on static shear strength.  相似文献