Overview of In - Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement     

DONG Jun  Anthony Adzomani  Zhao Yongsheng 《世界地质(英文版)》2002,5(1)

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.  相似文献   

CORROSION RESISTANCE OF INTERFERENCE FILM ON STAINLESS STEEL     

张经磊  侯保荣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1997,15(4):363-368

IwrRODUcrlONStainlessstalhasbeenusedwidelyasbuildingrnateria1,especiallyasdecoratingrnate-rialinbuildings.Ordinarystainlesssteehasonlyonemonot0noussilverywhitCcolourwhichsomeimesdoesnotrnatchwithitSsurmundingenvironment.lnordert0improveitSdereratingperfonnaneeandexpanditsuse,muchresearchhasbeenconductedsincethe4O'st0trytoformabright,uniform,highcorrosi0nandwearresistantco1ourfilmonastainlesssteesurface.Duringtheeariystage,anirnmersionedhodwasused,i.e.inimrs-ingthestainlesssteelinahots0luti…  相似文献   

CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOZYME PATTERN AND MORPHOLOGY OF THREE MARINE FISH CELL LINES     

郭华荣  张士璀  李红岩  童裳亮  相建海 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(3):226-231

Three continuous marine fish cell lines of FG (i. e., Hounder Gill) from flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) gill, SPH (i. e. , Sea Perch Heart) from sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) heart and RSBF (i.e., Red Sea Bream Fin) from red sea bream (Pagrosomus major) fin, were characterized by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme and morphological analysis. The LDH isozyme patterns of these three cell lines and their corresponding tissues of origin were investigated and compared. The results showed: (1) No difference was found in the LDH isozyme patterns of FG and flounder gill tissue. However, the LDH isozyme patterns of SPH and RSBF were significantly different from their corresponding tissues of origin; (2) LDH isozyme patterns of FG, SPH and RSBF were markedly different from each other and could serve as genetic markers for species identification and detection of cross contamination. Morphological change analysis of these three cell lines in comparison to their original tissues indicated that FG cells still appeared epithelioid without morphological transformation. However, morphological changes were found in SPH and RSBF compared to their original tissues. Therefore, the cellular morphology was still plastic in the relatively stable culture conditions, and it was possible that change of LDH patterns wasrelated to morphological changes of fish cells in vitro.  相似文献   

Long-range underwater photography in the deep ocean     

Q. Huggett 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1990,12(1-2):69-81

Although the optical properties of seawater at extreme depths are more suitable for underwater photography than those at the surface or on continental shelves, they still impose severe limitations on long-range wide area bottom photography. Additionally, deep ocean operations impose technical limitations on control, power and bandwidth. This chapter reviews the approaches contemplated or made towards improving the camerato-target range in underwater photography in the deep ocean. Further significant improvements await advances in control, power/light sources and bandwidth reduction. With the developments now contemplated, TV and video systems will eventually present a strong challenge to emulsion film techniques.  相似文献   

N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质的膜状态及其在水面溢油集油剂中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王洪申  陈国华  孙明昆  冯绪胜  刘晓艳  张立娟 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(5):795-803

合成了 5种 N,N-二烷基酰胺型表面活性剂 ,并对其所成膜的状态进行了测定。表明当N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质单独成膜时获得的集油膜为多层膜 ,而当选用合适的溶剂与其配制成溶液以后 ,所成的集油膜则为转变膜或液态凝聚膜。在 5种 N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质中 ,酰基碳链越长、氮烷基碳链越短则其集油能力越强。应用 N,N-二烷基酰胺类物质配制了 4个配方 ,均具备良好的集油能力 ,并且对原油的集油能力大于对柴油的集油能力  相似文献   

Modeling of flowing film concentrators: Part 1. Water split behaviour     

A.K. Majumder  G.J. Lyman  M. Brennan  P.N. Holtham 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006

A large number of mineral processing equipment employs the basic principles of gravity concentration in a flowing fluid of a few millimetres thick in small open channels where the particles are distributed along the flow height based on their physical properties and the fluid flow characteristics. Fluid flow behaviour and slurry transportation characteristics in open channels have been the research topic for many years in many engineering disciplines. However, the open channels used in the mineral processing industries are different in terms of the size of the channel and the flow velocity used. Understanding of water split behaviour is, therefore, essential in modeling flowing film concentrators. In this paper, an attempt has been made to model the water split behaviour in an inclined open rectangular channel, resembling the actual size and the flow velocity used by the mineral processing industries, based on the Prandtl's mixing length approach.  相似文献   

Dual simulations of fluid flow and seismic wave propagation in a fractured network: effects of pore pressure on seismic signature   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. Vlastos  E. Liu  I. G. Main  M. Schoenberg  C. Narteau  X. Y. Li  B. Maillot 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,166(2):825-838

  相似文献   

A cellular model of Holocene upland river basin and alluvial fan evolution   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T. J. Coulthard  M. G. Macklin  M. J. Kirkby 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2002,27(3):269-288

The CAESAR (Cellular Automaton Evolutionary Slope And River) model is used to simulate the Holocene development of a small upland catchment (4·2 km²) and the alluvial fan at its base. The model operates at a 3 m grid scale and simulates every flood over the last 9200 years, using a rainfall record reconstructed from peat bog wetness indices and land cover history derived from palynological sources. Model results show that the simulated catchment sediment discharge above the alluvial fan closely follows the climate signal, but with an increase in the amplitude of response after deforestation. The important effects of sediment storage and remobilization are shown, and findings suggest that soil creep rates may be an important control on long term (>1000 years) temperate catchment sediment yield. The simulated alluvial fan shows a complex and episodic behaviour, with frequent avulsions across the fan surface. However, there appears to be no clear link between fan response and climate or land use changes suggesting that Holocene alluvial fan dynamics may be the result of phases of sediment storage and remobilization, or instabilities and thresholds within the fan itself. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于神经网络的单元自动机CA及真实和忧化的城市模拟   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

黎夏  叶嘉安 《地理学报》2002,(2)

提出了一种基于神经网络的单元自动机（ＣＡ）。ＣＡ已被越来越多地应用在城市及其它地理现象的模拟中。ＣＡ模拟所碰到的最大问题是如何确定模型的结构和参数。模拟真实的城市涉及到使用许多空间变量和参数。当模型较复杂时，很难确定模型的参数值。本模型的结构较简单，模型的参数能通过对神经网络的训练来自动获取。分析表明，所提出的方法能获得更高的模拟精度，并能大大缩短寻找参数所需要的时间。通过筛选训练数据，本模型还可以进行优化的城市模拟，为城市规划提供参考依据。  相似文献   

基于遥感与GIS的20世纪90年代中国城镇用地时空特征   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18  

田光进  刘纪远  庄大方  张增祥 《第四纪研究》2003,23(4):421-427

文章利用20世纪90年代初期、中期和末期全国1:100000土地利用动态变化数据提取城镇用地动态变化数据,利用单元自动机和人工神经网络模型对全国城镇用地进行了区划.在此基础上,研究了90年代两个阶段中国城镇用地时空格局.研究表明:90年代前5年东部沿海地区受经济高速发展和开放政策的影响,城镇用地扩展迅速,中西部地区城镇用地扩展较慢;90年代后5年国家加大了耕地资源保护力度,在政府宏观调控政策和耕地资源保护条例的影响下,东部沿海地区城镇用地扩展大幅回落,中部地区城镇扩展也有较大幅度回落,西部地区随着经济发展加快,城镇用地扩展回落较小.  相似文献