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Allan T. Souza Martina I. Ilarri Joana Campos João C. Marques Irene Martins 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011
The present study compared the carapace structure of Carcinus maenas in two nearby sites (2 km apart) within Minho estuary, submitted to different physicochemical and ecological conditions (water temperature, pH, crabs’ density and sex ratio). The carapace structure of the carapace and chelae of the crabs presented significant differences between sampling sites (t-test; p < 0.01). The SIMPER analysis revealed that the Weight/CW and Thickness/CW ratios explained all the dissimilarities found among sites. Overall, the male carapace was proportionally thicker at station 2 (t-test; p < 0.01), while the female carapace was proportionally thicker at station 1 (t-test; p < 0.001). A thicker carapace can be advantageous when competing for food or a sexual partner. We hypothetized that, since at station 2, the density of individuals was twice higher than at station 1, it is likely that agonistic encounters are more frequent, thus favouring a thicker carapace. 相似文献
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甲壳素对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
齐春惠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(5):777-781
采用正交实验法 ,使用甲壳素 (粗制壳聚糖 ) ,研究温度、时间、吸附剂用量、酸度、盐效应对甲壳素吸附水中溶解的 Cr( )离子的吸附过程的影响 ,将实验结果进行极差分析 ,得到较优的吸附条件。实验结果表明 :在 p H =2、30℃、离子强度 5 mmol/ L的条件下 ,甲壳素对 Cr( )的最大吸附量为 13.1mg/ g。根据化学平衡及红外光谱分析结果表明 :甲壳素对 Cr( )的吸附主要是游离氨基静电吸附 Cr2 O2 -7,吸附符合 L angmuir吸附等温式 相似文献
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体外培养兔角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞,采用显微观察和MTT相结合的方法分析低分子量氨基糖(包括壳寡糖(chitosan)、羧甲基壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide)、羧甲基甲壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitin oligosaccharide)、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(N-acetyl-glucosamine))对细胞生长的影响。结果在0~1000μg/mL浓度范围内4种氨基糖对角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞均没有细胞毒性,且均能促进角膜上皮细胞的生长,以壳寡糖和羧甲基甲壳寡糖效果最佳,二者与对照组相比均具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。壳寡糖、羧甲基甲壳寡糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖能明显促进角膜基质细胞的生长,与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中壳寡糖的促进作用最明显。提示低分子量氨基糖可适用于角膜细胞促生长的培养,为壳聚糖衍生物材料用于眼科研究提供一定的实验依据。 相似文献
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Calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and chitin are the main components of the exoskeleton of krill. Defluoridation of a solution of sodium fluoride (NaF) using calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) and chitin as defluoridation agents was studied. Orthogonal experiments were designed to find the optimum reaction conditions for defluoridation, to obtain the maximum defluoridation efficiency and fluoride removal capacity of calcium phosphate and chitin. At the same time, a comparison of the capacity of the two defluoridation agents was made. The results suggest that calcium phosphate has a far greater capability than chitin for the removal of fluoride (F) from water under similar reaction conditions. It is also suggested that Antarctic krill is likely to adsorb fluoride via compounds such as calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and other compounds of Ca and P with the general form (Ca, X)x(PO4, HPO4, Y)y(OH, Z)z, in addition to chitin. 相似文献
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甲壳素和壳聚糖通过其羟基,氨基形成化学键吸附有机物或作为聚阳离子型电解质絮凝有机物。其化学改性物亦有吸附絮凝有机物的性质,在印染、食品、生活污水及饮用水处理等方面有良好的应用前景 相似文献
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几丁质是贝类贝壳的重要组成成分,在贝壳形成和生物矿化中具有重要作用。本研究通过对厚壳贻贝的贝壳和外套膜边缘三层褶皱进行形态和组织学观察,发现贻贝角质层壳膜是从外褶皱和中褶皱之间的壳膜沟中分泌,而外套膜三层褶皱间组织形态、细胞类型都存在较大差异。此外,本研究还从厚壳贻贝的角质层和贝壳层中提取并鉴定到β-几丁质成分,并构建了外套膜内褶皱(IF)、中褶皱(MF)、外褶皱(OF)的转录组文库,筛查出几丁质合成、降解、结合相关功能的三类几丁质相关基因,对其结构域和表达模式进行进一步分析,发现几丁质合成酶基因以及β氨基己糖苷酶、二-N-乙酰壳二糖酶等几丁质酶基因主要在内、中褶皱表达,而壳三糖苷酶类的几丁质酶基因和几丁质结合蛋白基因则主要在外褶皱表达。在三褶皱差异表达基因的GO富集分析中,进一步发现内、中褶皱主要参与几丁质的生物合成,而外褶皱则主要参与调控几丁质结合、代谢、角质层色素沉着等过程。本研究揭示了外套膜三褶皱在几丁质合成、代谢、结合等功能方面的差异,其中外褶皱可能在厚壳贻贝的贝壳角质层的形成和色素沉着中发挥更重要的作用。本研究有助于了解贻贝贝壳中的几丁质成分以及几丁质相关基因,为软体动物贝... 相似文献
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This paper presents data on the isotopic compositions of individual carbohydrates which have been isolated from both living organisms and from a depositional environment. Through recent developments in chromatography, isolation of monosaccharides quantity for isotopic analysis is possible. Carbohydrates isolated from marine and terrestrial plants and animals have carbon isotopic compositions which clearly indicate biosynthetic processes which are recognized to be associated with isotopic fractionations during the incorporation and metabolism of carbon. Stable nitrogen isotopic compositions of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, isolated from a variety of chitins, indicate a common fractionation of nitrogen which may be associated with transamination. This fractionation is estimated to be about –9%0 relative to the whole organism. Through the isotopic label, the source or history of an organic material may be traced through diagenesis. Further, production of non-indigenous carbohydrates, which may be associated with fungal or bacterial action, can be identified through depleted isotopic compositions. Xylose, for example, isolated from a peat, was approximately 8% more depleted in carbon than the whole peat or mannose isolated from the same peat. The isotopic distributions of carbohydrates isolated from living organisms are essential for the interpretation of those characterized in natural mixtures from an environment. 相似文献