How changes of groundwater level affect the desert riparian forest ecosystem in the Ejina Oasis,Northwest China     

HaiYang Xi  JingTian Zhang  Qi Feng  Lu Zhang  JianHua Si  TengFei Yu 《寒旱区科学》2019,11(1):62-80

Groundwater is a key factor controlling the growth of vegetation in desert riparian systems. It is important to recognise how groundwater changes affect the riparian forest ecosystem. This information will not only help us to understand the ecological and hydrological process of the riparian forest but also provide support for ecological recovery of riparian forests and water-resources management of arid inland river basins. This study aims to estimate the suitability of the Water Vegetation Energy and Solute Modelling(WAVES) model to simulate the Ejina Desert riparian forest ecosystem changes,China, to assess effects of groundwater-depth change on the canopy leaf area index(LAI) and water budgets, and to ascertain the suitable groundwater depth for preserving the stability and structure of desert riparian forest. Results demonstrated that the WAVES model can simulate changes to ecological and hydrological processes. The annual mean water consumption of a Tamarix chinensis riparian forest was less than that of a Populus euphratica riparian forest, and the canopy LAI of the desert riparian forest should increase as groundwater depth decreases. Groundwater changes could significantly influence water budgets for T. chinensis and P. euphratica riparian forests and show the positive and negative effects on vegetation growth and water budgets of riparian forests. Maintaining the annual mean groundwater depth at around 1.7-2.7 m is critical for healthy riparian forest growth. This study highlights the importance of considering groundwater-change impacts on desert riparian vegetation and water-balance applications in ecological restoration and efficient water-resource management in the Heihe River Basin.  相似文献   

自定义坐标系的建立及其坐标变换实现     

周朝宪 《地质与勘探》2015,51(4):699-704

大地基准(含数学椭球体)和投影方式的组合形成多种投影坐标系。地质勘查工作者常遇到坐标转换问题和建立自定义坐标问题,尤其是当我国北京54坐标系和西安80坐标系地质数据的GIS化时。GIS软件已经成为地质勘查的基本工具,而地质数据GIS化的第一步就是建立坐标系统。本文论述了如何使用Map Info和GeosoftOasis MontajTM两种常见地质勘查GIS软件建立自定义坐标,主要是如何在该两个软件中构建自定义大地基准(datum),并且给出了如何使用两个软件进行坐标变换的步骤。  相似文献   

基于遥感技术的开都河下游绿洲区土壤盐渍化动态监测研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李会志  李新国  王影 《国土资源遥感》2010,21(1):85-88

以3期遥感图像为数据源,经图像处理,并结合野外考察,建立解译标志进行遥感解译。结果表明,开都河下游绿洲区的盐渍化土地面积呈先增加后减少趋势,盐渍化程度呈先加重后减轻趋势;盐渍化土壤主要分布在开都河沿岸低洼地和博斯腾湖湖滨地区及其北岸清水沟、曲惠渠、乌什塔拉渠两岸附近;盐渍化的形成与研究区地形地貌、地下水以及干旱的气候条件密切相关,人类农业活动对盐渍化土壤形成具有重要作用。  相似文献   

Soil salinity and vegetation cover change detection from multi-temporal remotely sensed imagery in Al Hassa Oasis in Saudi Arabia     

Amal Allbed  Lalit Kumar  Priyakant Sinha 《国际地球制图》2018,33(8):830-846

Detecting soil salinity changes and its impact on vegetation cover are necessary to understand the relationships between these changes in vegetation cover. This study aims to determine the changes in soil salinity and vegetation cover in Al Hassa Oasis over the past 28 years and investigates whether the salinity change causing the change in vegetation cover. Landsat time series data of years 1985, 2000 and 2013 were used to generate Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Salinity Index (SI) images, which were then used in image differencing to identify vegetation and salinity change/no-change for two periods. Soil salinity during 2000–2013 exhibits much higher increase compared to 1985–2000, while the vegetation cover declined to 6.31% for the same period. Additionally, highly significant (p < 0.0001) negative relationships found between the NDVI and SI differencing images, confirmed the potential long-term linkage between the changes in soil salinity and vegetation cover.  相似文献   

基于Oasis Montaj平台的航空物探数据处理软件系统     

胥值礼  孟庆敏  李文杰  崔志强 《物探化探计算技术》2014,(3):257-261

在深入研究Oasis Montaj平台特点的基础上,对已有的处理功能进行移植、优化,并开发了新的功能,集成为航空物探数据处理软件系统。这里就系统的整体架构、主要功能及其实现方法进行了详细介绍。通过大量的数据处理证明了该系统具有集成度高、实用性强、运行效率高、稳定性强、易操作、容错性强等诸多优势,能极大地提高数据处理的效率和质量。  相似文献   

黑河下游额济纳绿洲现代荒漠化过程及其驱动机制   总被引：30，自引：10，他引：20  

李森  李凡  孙武  李保生 《地理科学》2004,24(1):61-67

额济纳绿洲是发育在黑河下游内陆河三角洲上著名的天然绿洲。20世纪50年代以来,额济纳绿洲现代荒漠化过程加剧,绿洲萎缩,生态恶化。绿洲现代荒漠化过程是由水环境恶化过程、土壤干燥化过程、植被退化与生物多样性衰减过程、土地沙漠化过程和土壤盐碱化过程构成的地表动力学过程。导致额济纳绿洲荒漠化的驱动力是区域气候暖干化、强盛的风蚀侵蚀力、上中游过度开发水土资源的人为活动和额济纳绿洲内的“三滥”活动等。荒漠化驱动力的第一主成分与第二主成分的贡献率分别为59．276％和28．083％,反映出绿洲荒漠化驱动因子的多面性和综合性,绿洲内外过度的人为活动是其主导驱动因素。内在、外在驱动力在时间与空间上的耦合性是绿洲荒漠化的区域机制,驱动力因子团的互动-激发作用形成荒漠化的动力机制,驱动力与荒漠化土地间的响应形成正反馈机制,三种作用机制组合成绿洲现代荒漠化过程的复杂的驱动机制。  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地逐日太阳总辐射模拟计算 -以达理雅博依绿洲为例     

温秀秀  张峰  师庆东 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2018,12(6):16-21

基于塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地面积最大的天然孤立绿洲达理雅博依2015年1月—2016年2月太阳总辐射观测资料,运用H.L.Penman经验公式模拟计算了该地区2015年逐日总辐射累计量,模拟值与实测值的误差分析显示:本气候学方法成功模拟了沙漠腹地总辐射的年内变化趋势。使用模拟值估算得到达理雅博依绿洲2015年太阳总辐射累计量约为5 332.23 MJ·m-2。又以相同方法模拟了塔中气象站2015年3—5月总辐射变化,结果较达理雅博依的模拟更接近实测值,说明本模拟在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地不同地点结果有效。  相似文献   

干旱区绿洲土壤共存重金属元素形态变化及生物有效性实验分析——以Cd、Zn、Ni元素为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵转军  南忠仁  王胜利  刘晓文  陶燕 《地球科学进展》2008,23(11):1194-1200

采用盆栽试验,初步研究了干旱区绿洲土壤—胡萝卜系统中镉、锌、镍3种重金属的形态变化特征及其生物有效性问题。结果表明:供试绿洲土壤原状土中,Cd、Zn、Ni均以稳定的残渣态形式存在,而处理土壤中重金属被钝化的量有限,Cd的存在形式主要以碳酸盐态为主,Zn、Ni则主要以铁锰氧化态为主;3种元素的活性大小依次为Cd>Ni>Zn。根据回归分析,元素Zn对胡萝卜块茎和茎叶吸收Zn量贡献最大的分别是Zn的碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化态;元素Ni对胡萝卜各部位吸收贡献最大的均为Ni的铁锰氧化态。  相似文献   

1975—2018年民勤绿洲沙漠化过程及其驱动机制     

李军豪  陈勇  杨国靖  周立华 《中国沙漠》2021,41(3):44-55

根据1975—2018年民勤绿洲土地沙漠化分类体系及遥感影像数据,探究了民勤绿洲沙漠化时空变化过程;选取影响绿洲沙漠化的自然与人为驱动因子,运用主成分分析方法定量评价了民勤绿洲沙漠化过程的主要驱动力。结果表明：1975—2018年沙漠化程度以重度沙漠化为主,轻度、中度、重度和严重沙漠化面积均呈减少趋势,以2000年为界表现为先发展后逆转趋势;1975—2000年,轻度、中度、重度沙漠化重心总体向东北方向迁移,严重沙漠化的重心向西迁移,沙漠化有向绿洲东北部和巴丹吉林沙漠发展的趋势;2000—2018年轻度沙漠化的重心向西北方向迁移,中度、重度和严重沙漠化重心相对稳定,绿洲沙漠化发展得到明显控制。在绿洲沙漠化过程中,人为因素贡献率为39.53%,自然与人为综合贡献率为26.58%,自然因素贡献率为10.77%,人为因素是民勤绿洲沙漠化的主要驱动力。水资源极度匮乏是绿洲沙漠化的决定因素,在以后的防沙治沙工作中,合理调控人类的生产经营活动,优化干旱区水资源配置,可从源头上治理民勤绿洲的沙漠化。  相似文献   

The first evidence of paleo-wildfire from the Campanian (Late Cretaceous) of North Africa     

《Cretaceous Research》2016

Although the fossil record of plant macro- and mesofossils, including fossil charcoal, is patchy geographically and temporally, such remains play an important role for the interpretation of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic developments in the continental realm. In Egypt, previous palynological studies on the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) deposits suggested presence of lush subtropical forests, dominated by angiosperms and pteridophytes, which developed under warm and wet climatic conditions. In the present study, the occurrence of paleo-wildfires during the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) is presented for the first time, based on samples from a surface exposure in the vicinity of the Baris Oasis, south Western Desert, Egypt. Macroscopic charcoal was collected and subsequently analyzed under a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The charred wood remains were identified as belonging to gymnosperms, which were important components of the North African paleoflora during the Cretaceous. These charcoal remains represent the first verified occurrence of paleo-wildfires in Africa during the Campanian.  相似文献