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1.
John Douglas Didier Bertil Agathe Roullé Pascal Dominique Philippe Jousset 《Journal of Seismology》2006,10(3):271-299
Strong-motion networks have been operating in the Caribbean region since the 1970s, however, until the mid-1990s only a few analogue stations were operational and the quantity of data recorded was very low. Since the mid-1990s, digital accelerometric networks have been established on islands within the region. At present there are thought to be about 160 stations operating in this region with a handful on Cuba, 65 on the French Antilles (mainly Guadeloupe and Martinique), eight on Jamaica, 78 on Puerto Rico (plus others on adjacent islands) and four on Trinidad.After briefly summarising the available data from the Caribbean islands, this article is mainly concerned with analysing the data that has been recorded by the networks operating on the French Antilles in terms of their distribution with respect to magnitude, source-to-site distance, focal depth and event type; site effects at certain stations; and also with respect to their predictability by ground motion estimation equations developed using data from different regions of the world. More than 300 good quality triaxial acceleration time-histories have been recorded on Guadeloupe and Martinique at a large number of stations from earthquakes with magnitudes larger than 4.8, however, most of the records are from considerable source-to-site distances. From the data available it is found that many of the commonly-used ground motion estimation equations for shallow crustal earthquakes poorly estimate the observed ground motions on the two islands; ground motions on Guadeloupe and Martinique have smaller amplitudes and are more variable than expected. This difference could be due to regional dependence of ground motions because of, for example, differing tectonics or crustal structures or because the ground motions so far recorded are, in general, from smaller earthquakes and greater distances than the range of applicability of the investigated equations. 相似文献
2.
强震动作用下土体非线性动力特征研究发展与展望 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
浅地表覆盖土层动力特性对地震动影响显著,软厚土层会明显改变地震动强度及频谱特性。由于观测数据匮乏,强震动作用下土体非线性动力特征研究长期以来均以室内试验为主,但在实验室中难以可靠地模拟实际地震历程中土体承受的加载路径、边界条件、排水条件等复杂因素。近二十年来竖向台阵(至少包含一个地表测点和一个井下基岩测点)记录数据大量增加,为土体非线性动力学研究提供了新的基础数据与发展机遇,使基于现场观测的土体非线性动力特征实证研究成为可能。 相似文献
3.
Benedikt Halldorsson Ragnar Sigbjornsson Johannes Schweitzer 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(1):173-178
A small-aperture, strong-motion array, the ICEARRAY, has been deployed in South Iceland, a region with a history of destructive
earthquakes, some exceeding magnitude 7. The array’s purpose is: (1) monitoring future significant events in the region, (2)
quantifying spatial variability of strong-motion over short distances and (3) shedding light on earthquake source processes.
The number of array stations and their arrangement were based on an optimisation of the shape of the corresponding array transfer
function (ATF). The optimal ICEARRAY configuration comprises 14 stations, has an aperture of ~1.9 km and a minimum interelement
distance of ~50 m and possesses a near-azimuthally independent ATF with a sharp main lobe, negligible sidelobes and a wavenumber
range of 1.5–24 rad/km. Accordingly, the ICEARRAY has the intended capabilities of capturing seismic waves in the frequency
range of 1–20 Hz, which is of main interest to earthquake engineering and engineering seismology applications. 相似文献
4.
R. Sigbjörnsson J. Th. Snæbjörnsson S. M. Higgins B. Halldórsson S. Ólafsson 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2009,7(1):113-126
This preliminary study aims to investigate a M
w
6.3 earthquake that occurred in South Iceland on Thursday 29 May 2008 at 15:45 UTC. The epicentre was in the Olfus District
between the towns of Selfoss and Hveragerdi. This study examines the data recorded and the damage observed immediately after
the event. Horizontal accelerations of up to 80%g were recorded in the epicentral region and there is visual evidence that
the vertical acceleration exceeded 1 g. The PGA data is compared to a ground motion estimation model developed for the South
Iceland earthquakes in June 2000. In general the basic properties of this event are found to be similar to the characteristics
of the South Iceland earthquakes in June 2000. The duration of strong-motion is short and the intensity attenuates rapidly
with increasing distance. The earthquake action resisted by buildings in the near fault area is inspected through evaluation
of elastic as well as inelastic response spectra. The vast majority of structures seemed to withstand the strong-motion fairly
competently and without significant visual damage due firstly to the low-rise, predominantly reinforced concrete or timber,
style of buildings. Secondly, the short duration of strong-motion contributed to the endurance of structures. 相似文献
5.
6.
强震动记录H/V谱比法自提出以来,已广泛应用于地震工程各研究领域中。但对数据处理的2个关键环节——Taper预处理及傅氏谱平滑未有详细研究。因此,本文针对强震动记录H/V谱比法计算涉及的重要数据处理过程,对四川地区19个强震动台站在汶川地震余震中获取的642组强震动记录开展研究。研究实例表明:S波H/V谱比振幅在周期 < 1s时高于全时程,论证计算H/V谱比时截取S波窗口的必要性;S波窗口的截断会引起傅里叶振幅谱的边瓣效应,若不加以处理,将显著影响低频部分H/V谱比结果,Taper预处理对于消除这种截断误差具有良好效果;在兼顾平滑效果及卓越周期识别准确度的基础上,通过不同带宽的Parzen窗试算,认为0.5Hz带宽宜用于傅里叶H/V谱比曲线平滑。 相似文献
7.
El-Sayed Mohamed Salem 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2008,1(2):97-110
Strong-motion parameters, peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and peak ground displacement depend on several factors,
such as the source of earthquake, distance between the source and site, and the characteristics of that site. Five seismographs
and two accelographs were installed by the Egyptian Geological Survey team along the western side of the Gulf of Aqaba from
Taba to Sharm El-Sheikh to record seismic events during the period from September 1995 to June 1996. During this period, two
events were recorded by the accelographs. The two accelographs were located on the surface of the basement rocks, the first
near the epicenter and the second at a farther distance. However, the farthest accelograph recorded higher values compared
to the nearer one. Fault mechanics are an important factor in determining the values of strong motion parameters, where the
direction of the rupture line plays an important role in detecting the values of strong motion parameters, the strong motion
parameters and damage effects seem to be attenuated very fast in the direction perpendicular to the rupture line. This can
be interpreted by the fact that the farthest accelograph lies at the extension of the fault rupture (azimuth = 30°), while
the nearer one was perpendicular to the strike of the fault rupture. 相似文献
8.
Teleseismic and strong-motion data are inverted to determine the rupture process during the November 1999 Düzce earthquake in NW Turkey. The fault geometry, rise time and rupture velocity are determined from the aftershock distribution and preliminary inversions of the teleseismic data. Joint inversion of the teleseismic and strong-motion data is then carried out for the slip distribution. We obtain the strike 264°, dip 64°, rake −172°, seismic moment 5.0×1019 N m (Mw 7.1), and average stress drop 7 MPa. This earthquake was characterized by bilateral fault rupture and asymmetric slip distribution. Two asperities (areas of large slip) are identified, the eastern one being 1.5 times larger than the western one. The derived slip distribution is consistent with the aftershock distribution, surface rupture and damage. The point of rupture initiation in this Düzce earthquake coincided with the eastern tip of the aftershock distribution of the August 1999 Izmit earthquake. 相似文献
9.
Macroseismic effects related to strong ground motion: a study of the South Iceland earthquakes in June 2000 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
R. Sigbjörnsson S. Ólafsson J. Th. Snæbjörnsson 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2007,5(4):591-608
The impact of the June 2000 South Iceland earthquakes has been assessed applying data collected in field surveys and strong-motion
recordings from the Icelandic Strong-Motion Network. The areas within approximately 20 km of the causative faults suffered
considerable damage, including transportation and utility systems as well as buildings, both with regard to structure and
inventories. Ground subsidence and dislocations were significant in the near-fault zone. Aftershocks and permanent displacements
of building foundations resulted in progressive structural damage. By introducing holistic measures derived from the acceleration
data, a fair correlation was achieved between the obtained earthquake intensities and the recorded accelerations. The measures
adopted were square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS) values of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and the trace of the Arias
intensity tensor. It was found that the overall attenuation tended to be more rapid than reflected by common strong-motion
models reported in the literature. There is no simple explanation for this behaviour but it is reasonable to suggest that
it can be partly attributed to the heterogeneous and fractured crust that is characteristic of Icelandic geology. 相似文献
10.
This contribution discusses the application of Chebyshev Type I filter for processing real earthquake records. Consideration
is given to the effects of filtering parameters (passband amplitude ripple and order of the filter) on the time series, strong-motion
parameters, Fourier Amplitude Spectrum of acceleration, and elastic displacement response spectra. Time histories of five
earthquakes with different moment magnitudes have been examined (from stations located close to the epicenters). Data processing
is based on application of bandpass Chebyshev filtering over frequency range with substantial signal to noise ratio (level
of 3 or approximately 3 dB). Applying different filters, we have monitored several important strong-motion parameters: peak
values of acceleration, velocity, and displacement; Arias intensity, acceleration/velocity spectrum intensity, significant
duration, etc. Some new results and conclusions concerning the influence of Chebyshev filter in data processing of records
have been summarized. The graphical and numerical outcomes obtained, as well as the comparison with a Butterworth causal filter,
are included in the work. The results could be potentially useful to engineering seismologists who need to evaluate and better
understand the merits of this type of filtering for strong-motion data processing. 相似文献