基于高斯两步移动搜寻法的村镇避难场所可达性研究     

但文羽  肖映辉  胡周灵  詹庆明 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(10):1412-1421

避难场所可达性是指避难场所与受灾居民之间的通达性,即灾害发生时,避难人员通过避难疏散通道到达避难场所的难易程度,是评价避难场所布局合理性的重要指标。本研究结合高斯两步移动搜寻法和网络分析法,从供需双向出发对村镇地区避难场所进行可达性分析。2种方法的结合,既充分考虑了需求点与设施点的相互作用,又充分考虑了设施点的吸引力随距离的衰减关系,并基于实际道路,以步行疏散时间作为搜索半径,降低了传统研究中因忽略供需间相互作用及实际距离而引起的可达性结果的误差。最后,以神农架松柏镇区为例,验证该方法的实际应用价值。结果表明,该方法能够有效测定村镇地区避难场所的空间可达性,同时,基于GIS软件可以直观地揭示研究区域内避难场所可达性空间分布差异。该方法可为制定科学的村镇防灾减灾规划提供方法支持。  相似文献   

A model of polarized OH maser emission in W75N     

M. D. Gray  B. Hutawarakorn  R. J. Cohen 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,343(4):1067-1080

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Strong magnetic field in W75N OH maser flare     

V. I. Slysh  V. Migenes 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,369(3):1497-1501

A flare of OH maser emission was discovered in W75N in 2000. Its location was determined with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) to be within 110 au from one of the ultracompact H  ii regions, Very Large Array 2 (VLA2). The flare consisted of several maser spots. Four of the spots were found to form Zeeman pairs, all of them with a magnetic field strength of about 40 mG. This is the highest ever magnetic field strength found in OH masers, an order of magnitude higher than in typical OH masers. Three possible sources for the enhanced magnetic field are discussed: (i) the magnetic field of the exciting star dragged out by the stellar wind; (ii) the general interstellar field in the gas compressed by the magnetohydrodynamic shock; and (iii) the magnetic field of planets which orbit the exciting star and produce maser emission in gaseous envelopes.  相似文献   

Detrital Zircon of 4100 Ma in Quartzite in Burang, Tibet     

DUO Ji WEN Chunqi FAN Xiaoping GUO Jianci NI Zhiyao LI Xiaowen SHI Yuruo WEN Quan 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(6):954-956

A detrital zircon aged 4.1 Ga is discovered by the SHRIMP U-Pb method in a quartzite in Burang County, western Tibet. This is presently the oldest single-grain detrital zircon in China. The Th-U ratios of the two testing points of the 〉4.0 Ga zircon are between 0.76 and 0.86, indicating their magmatic origin. This discovery has offered an important age for investigating the geological evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.  相似文献   

阿尔金山东端花岗片麻岩中3.6Ga锆石的地质意义   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

李惠民  陆松年  郑健康  于海峰  赵风清  李怀坤  左义成 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2001,20(4):259-262

本文报道首次用单颗粒锆石U Pb同位素测年技术在我国西北阿尔金山东端古老花岗片麻岩中发现36 0 5± 43Ma的锆石。这是塔里木地块存在始太古代基底的重要证据 ,对研究该地区的地壳演化及其与我国东部和全球其他古老地块的对比研究具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

华北克拉通阜平杂岩中~2.7GaTTG片麻岩的厘定及其地质意义   总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0  

路增龙  宋会侠  杜利林  任留东  耿元生  杨崇辉 《岩石学报》2014,30(10):2872-2884

通过详细的地质工作,本文从阜平杂岩中厘定出一套~2.7Ga的条带状TTG片麻岩系,其原岩主要为英云闪长岩,经历了强烈的变形和深熔改造。该片麻岩可分为岩石主体和条带,按条带形态和成分可分为三种:细小的暗色条带、深熔浅色条带和后期注入的长英质脉体。用LA-MC-ICPMS法对英云闪长岩中锆石进行了原位U-Pb年龄测试,其形成年龄为2669.2±9.7Ma。该片麻岩SiO2=64.32%~70.02%,具有高铝(Al2O3=14.00%~15.87%)富钠(Na2O=3.85%~4.22%)贫钾(K2O=1.13%~2.42%)及低K/Na比值的特点,Mg#指数为39.5~49.6。该片麻岩具有中等-强烈程度的稀土元素分异[(La/Yb)N=3.67~51.38],Eu异常不明显。其富集Sr(303×10-6~431×10-6)、Ba(191×10-6~696×10-6)等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb(4.70×10-6~9.78×10-6)、Ta(0.19×10-6~0.75×10-6)、Ti(1378×10-6~3259×10-6)、P(174.6×10-6~960.6×10-6)等高场强元素,Cr(5.87×10-6~119.4×10-6)、Ni(6.72×10-6~45.75×10-6)等相容元素含量也较低。Yb(0.31×10-6~1.75×10-6)和Y(3.61×10-6~18.88×10-6)含量低,Sr/Y比值高(16.0~119.1),属于高铝的TTG,与高硅埃达克岩特征相似。推断是热的太古宙新生洋壳部分熔融而成。阜平地区~2.7Ga TTG片麻岩的厘定,进一步证实了华北克拉通在新太古代早期经历了强烈的陆壳增生,并为华北克拉通早期岩浆事件与世界范围的岩浆事件的对比提供了新的依据,为华北克拉通早期陆块及绿岩带的划分提供了新的限定。  相似文献   

WFCAM, Spitzer/IRAC and SCUBA observations of the massive star-forming region DR21/W75 – I. The collimated molecular jets     

C. J. Davis  M. S. N. Kumar  G. Sandell  D. Froebrich  M. D. Smith  M. J. Currie 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,374(1):29-53

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P–T–t evidence for mechanisms of vertical tectonic motion in a contractional orogen: north-western US and Canadian Cordillera     

Whitney  Miller  & Paterson 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1999,17(1):75-90

The >1800 km long Coast Mountains–North Cascades orogen of the Canadian Cordillera and north-western US developed as a continental magmatic arc. Metamorphic rocks in the orogen contain widespread evidence for burial of supracrustal rocks to depths of c. 40 km, followed by nearly isothermal decompression to depths of <10 km. Near many shallowly-emplaced, mid-Cretaceous plutons, low-pressure contact metamorphic effects were overprinted by high-pressure regional metamorphic minerals and textures, as evidenced by kyanite±staurolite pseudomorphs after andalusite in metapelitic rocks. Therefore, near-pluton rocks record the loading history of the orogen. Metapelitic rocks not associated with plutons only preserve evidence for high-pressure conditions and/or high-temperature decompression, as indicated, for example, by sillimanite and cordierite after kyanite and garnet, respectively. Petrological evidence for burial and decompression is therefore recorded in different rocks. Various regions of the orogen differ in timing of metamorphism, the overall shape of P–T paths and the relative timing and regional extent of the high-pressure event, but most of these data and observations are consistent with thrusting and/or pure shear thickening as primary loading mechanisms throughout the orogen, as opposed to magma-dominated loading. This interpretation is further supported by comparison with thermal models, which demonstrate that the P–T paths are consistent with simultaneous thrusting and folding at a high initial geothermal gradient (35–40 °C km^?1) in much of the orogen. A high geothermal gradient supports tectonic models invoking intra-arc contraction and suggests that magmatism played an important role in regional temperature-time paths. This tectonic-thermal history may be typical of other contractional orogens and illustrates the importance of large vertical displacement of crust in magmatic arcs.  相似文献   

贵州盘州米妥勘查区煤层顶底板Ga矿富集特征及成因     

张小祥 《江苏地质》2023,47(2):153-158

为查清贵州盘州米妥勘查区煤层顶底板及煤中Ga的赋存状况,开展钻孔勘探工作,采集煤层顶底板泥化样品39件,煤样品25件,使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定Ga含量,根据样品中Ga含量的实测结果,结合勘查区聚煤时期的古地理环境及煤层顶底板沉积物源等特征,分析上二叠统煤层顶底板中Ga矿的富集特征及成因。结果表明：米妥勘查区煤中Ga富集程度低,25件煤样品中Ga的平均含量为7.90 μg/g,远低于边界品位;煤层顶底板中Ga富集程度高,21件顶板样品中Ga含量为31.8～46.2 μg/g,平均值为39.6 μg/g,18件底板样品中Ga含量为31.1～51.4 μg/g,平均值为41.3 μg/g,底板中Ga含量均值略高于顶板。顶底板中Ga的含量达到我国煤中伴生矿的工业指标,该区域煤层顶底板及围岩具有稀散金属矿找矿前景。分析沉积的古地理环境特征及沉积物源,认为聚煤时期古地理环境多为陆相及海陆交互相,导致煤层顶底板多为泥岩及泥质砂岩,陆源碎屑物为Ga沉积提供了很好的来源,流水、风力等搬运作用为Ga提供了很好的富集方式。  相似文献   

扬子地台西南缘康滇断隆带海孜双峰式侵入岩体年代学、地球化学及其地质意义   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

杨斌  王伟清  董国臣  郭阳  王子正  侯林 《岩石学报》2015,31(5):1361-1373

海孜辉绿岩-花岗斑岩双峰式侵入岩体位于扬子地台西南缘康滇断隆带中的武定-元江裂陷槽内,本文对海孜辉绿岩和花岗斑岩主要进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和地球化学研究。花岗斑岩的定年结果为1764±18Ma,辉绿岩的定年结果为1765±5.4Ma。岩相学及地球化学测定数据显示海孜地区辉绿岩具有细粒和粗粒两种结构,与花岗斑岩之间存在明显的组分间断,形成双峰态,其中花岗斑岩为钙碱性(Si O2=70.93%~73.04%,σ=1.28),辉绿岩属过碱性(Si O2=42.46%~48.26%,σ=15.3),Hf同位素特征表明两者可能均与幔源母岩浆相关。而海孜双峰式分布特征显示大陆裂谷拉张环境的构造背景,暗示海孜岩体是1.7Ga时昆阳裂谷裂解时期产物,与全球Columbia超大陆的裂解事件相呼应。作为扬子地台西南缘首次发现的1.7Ga双峰式侵入岩,海孜双峰式侵入岩的发现具有重要的地质意义。  相似文献