Three‐dimensional shakedown solutions for anisotropic cohesive‐frictional materials under moving surface loads     

Juan Wang  Hai‐Sui Yu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2014,38(4):331-348

Previous work on three‐dimensional shakedown analysis of cohesive‐frictional materials under moving surface loads has been entirely for isotropic materials. As a result, the effects of anisotropy, both elastic and plastic, of soil and pavement materials are ignored. This paper will, for the first time, develop three‐dimensional shakedown solutions to allow for the variation of elastic and plastic material properties with direction. Melan's lower‐bound shakedown theorem is used to derive shakedown solutions. In particular, a generalised, anisotropic Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion and cross‐anisotropic elastic stress fields are utilised to develop anisotropic shakedown solutions. It is found that shakedown solutions for anisotropic materials are dominated by Young's modulus ratio for the cases of subsurface failure and by shear modulus ratio for the cases of surface failure. Plastic anisotropy is mainly controlled by material cohesion ratio, the rise of which increases the shakedown limit until a maximum value is reached. The anisotropic shakedown limit varies with frictional coefficient, and the peak value may not occur for the case of normal loading only. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于Hoek-Brown的岩石横观各向同性屈服准则研究     

郑艳妮  张强  张升  贾朝军  雷明锋 《岩土力学》2022,(1):139-151

为了描述岩石强度的各向异性特征,通过引入材料的微结构张量,考虑单轴抗压强度σ_cβ随层理倾角β而变化,提出了基于微结构张量的修正Hoek-Brown屈服准则。开展不同层理倾角(0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°和90°)的页岩试样不同围压(0、5、10、15和20 MPa)下的三轴压缩试验,结果显示,页岩峰值强度与层理倾角β呈"U"形曲线关系,在围压较低时呈"肩"形曲线关系,弹性模量E_t和泊松比ν对围压不敏感,其平均值随层理倾角β的变化关系分别呈倒"U"形、"肩"形。页岩的微观和宏观破坏图像表明,其破坏模式受围压和层理倾角双重控制。试验值与模型预测值的对比表明,修正的Hoek-Brown屈服准则可较好地对页岩强度的各向异性进行模拟。同时,采用Koteshwar千枚岩、Koteshwar板岩、绿泥石片岩等层状结构岩石的单轴和三轴压缩试验数据,进一步验证了提出的修正Hoek-Brown屈服准则对多数具有层理结构的横观各向同性岩石峰值强度模拟具有普遍适用性,并对屈服准则在试验数据较多和较少情况下的峰值强度模拟效果进行了评价。  相似文献   

复数域总体最小二乘平差   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王乐洋  于冬冬  吕开云 《测绘学报》2015,44(8):866-876

在复数域最小二乘的基础上提出了复数域总体最小二乘平差方法,推导了复数域总体最小二乘和复数混合总体最小二乘的相关公式。通过算例比较分析了复数观测值的残差的模的平方和最小(平差准则1)下及残差的实部和虚部的平方和分别最小(平差准则2)下的复数最小二乘、复数观测值和系数矩阵的残差的模的平方和最小(平差准则3)下及残差的实部和虚部的平方和分别最小(平差准则4)下的复数总体最小二乘方法的优劣。试验结果表明:平差准则1下复数最小二乘较平差准则2下得到的结果更加合理,平差准则3下复数总体最小二乘较平差准则4下得到的结果更为准确;当顾及系数矩阵误差时,平差准则3下复数总体最小二乘要优于平差准则1下复数最小二乘。  相似文献   

海底爆破振动强度衰减规律及中华白海豚保护措施研究     

费鸿禄  关福晨  包士杰  肖绍青 《海洋通报》2019,38(4):405-414

为确保海底爆破施工所诱发的振动不对中华白海豚造成危害,基于量纲分析法对萨道夫斯基经验公式进行修正,建立适用于预测海底爆破质点峰值振动速度的相似准数方程。在此基础上根据现场试验数据进行非线性回归运算,得到相关参数并分析了海底爆破振动强度衰减规律。分析表明:海底爆破质点峰值振速主要由单段装药量、监测点距爆心水平距离、覆盖层厚度及海水深度等因素决定。将参数值分别代入萨氏公式及新建公式计算预测值并进行误差估计,其平均误差分别为20.3%和10.0%,新建公式提高了对质点振速预测的准确性。利用新建公式及超压内安全振速估算保护中华白海豚的安全距离并提出相应的保护措施,为同类工程施工提供理论参考依据。  相似文献   

基于DFT模型的大场景InSAR图像配准     

韦顺军  唐欣欣  张晓玲 《遥感学报》2019,23(5):859-870

图像配准是实现干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)高精度相位提取及地形高程反演的关键,大场景图像的高效高精度配准成为近年高分宽幅InSAR成像应用研究的难点问题之一。由于大场景图像中不同区域偏移量及变化规律差异较大,传统最大相干系数配准方法需多分块及插值处理,面临计算量大且配准精度低等问题。针对此问题,本文提出一种基于DFT模型的大场景InSAR高效高精度图像配准算法。该方法利用最小均方差准则构建InSAR复图像配准的DFT模型,采用四叉树自适应分块及矩阵相乘DFT快速重采样配准方法,实现大场景InSAR图像各子块区域的高效高精度亚像素配准。仿真和实测数据验证本文算法的有效性,结果表明该算法不仅可实现大场景InSAR复图像亚像素级配准,还具有较高的运算效率,其运算效率相对于传统FFT配准方法通常可提升3倍以上。  相似文献   

Stability analysis of tunnels driven in jointed rocks by means of a homogenized limit analysis approach     

Samir Maghous  José E. B. Winiawer  Vanessa F. Pasa Dutra 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2014,38(18):2009-2032

Conceived as a potential alternative to the classical design methods employed for analyzing the stability of underground structures driven in jointed rocks, the homogenization approach stems from the heuristic idea that, from a macroscopic point of view, a rock mass cut by a network of joints may be perceived as a homogenized continuum. The strength properties of the latter can be theoretically obtained from the failure conditions of its individual constituents: rock matrix and joint interfaces. At the material level, the limit analysis reasoning is used in the context of homogenization to formulate the homogenized strength criterion of a jointed rock mass in the particular situation of a single set of parallel joints. As it could be expected, the obtained closed‐form expressions show the strength anisotropy induced by joint preferential orientation. The support functions (π functions) associated with the homogenized strength criterion are also determined in both plane strain and three‐dimensional cases. This criterion is then applied to the investigation of stability analysis of a tunnel excavated in a jointed rock mass. Upper bounds estimated of the stability factor are derived from the implementation of the kinematic approach directly on the homogenized underground structure. Finally, the approach is applied to analyze and discuss the collapse of the Pinheiros subway station (São Paulo, Brazil). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Macroscopic criteria for Green type porous materials with spheroidal voids: application to double porous materials          下载免费PDF全文

W. Q. Shen  J.‐F. Shao  D. Kondo 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(13):1453-1473

Combined effects of matrix plastic compressibility and void shape are investigated for ductile porous materials. To this end, a spheroidal volume containing a confocal spheroidal (prolate or oblate) void subjected to uniform strain rate boundary conditions has been first studied. A Green type matrix is chosen as a prototype for investigating effects of plastic compressibility. This is carried out by using a kinematics limit analysis theory from which a closed‐form expression of the macroscopic criterion is established for the considered class of materials. These results are then extended to ductile porous materials made up of a green matrix containing randomly oriented spheroidal voids. In the framework of a two‐step homogenization procedure, the obtained results are implemented to describe the macroscopic behavior of double porous materials involving spherical voids at the microscale and randomly oriented and distributed spheroidal voids at the mesoscale. For validation purpose, the new derived criteria are assessed and validated by comparing their predictions to available upper bounds and numerical data from literature. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Designing geotechnical structures with a proper stability criterion as a safety factor     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2016

  相似文献   

Enriched finite element procedures for analyzing decoupled bolts installed in rock mass   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Debasis Deb  Kamal C. Das 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2011,35(15):1636-1655

Numerical procedures are developed to analyze interaction between fully grouted bolts and rock mass using ‘enriched finite element method (EFEM)’. A solid element intersected by a rock bolt along any arbitrary direction is termed as ‘enriched’ element. The nodes of an enriched element have additional degrees of freedom for determining displacements, stresses developed in the bolt rod. The stiffness of the enriched element is formulated based on properties of rock mass, bolt rod and grout, orientation of the bolt and borehole diameter. Decoupling at grout–bolt interface and elasto‐plastic behavior of rock mass have also been incorporated into the EFEM procedures. The results of this method are compared with analytical pull‐out test results presented by Li and Stillborg (Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 1999; 36 :1013–1029). In addition, a numerical example of a bolted tunnel is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method for practical applications. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于实例推理系统的滑坡预警判据研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李聪  姜清辉  周创兵  周钟  宋胜武  龚满福 《岩土力学》2011,32(4):1069-1076

为研究滑坡预警预报指标,建立了31个典型岩质滑坡组成的滑坡数据库,基于滑坡数据库、工程类比和模糊综合评判方法开发了滑坡实例推理系统。首先将滑坡特征属性分为6大项:破坏模式、滑面倾角、滑面类型、边坡岩体结构、边坡倾角、滑坡的诱发因素(降雨、地下水、水库蓄水、开挖、爆破、地震),用11个特征值表示边坡的特征属性;其次采用比值法相似度计算理论在滑坡数据库中搜索与目标边坡最相似的滑坡,通过工程类比给出滑坡预警判据建议值;最后依据模糊综合评判模型修正建议值,得到预警判据确认值,形成滑坡实例推理系统。以锦屏一级水电站为例,通过计算找到了滑坡数据库中与锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡最为相似的5个滑坡实例;其中大冶铁矿狮子山滑坡和安家岭露天矿滑坡有较为完整的变形监测数据,深入分析类似边坡变形破坏过程,分4个阶段给出了锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡预警判据建议值;并建立边坡预警判据修正的模糊综合评判模型,修正相似边坡预警判据,给出锦屏一级水电站左岸边坡进入加速变形阶段的位移速率阀值的精确区间为1.0～1.2 mm/d。  相似文献