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多波束系统及其在海洋工程勘察中的应用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
多波束测深系统采用条带式测量方式，可对海底进行全覆盖扫描测量，精确测得海底地形地貌。简要回顾了海底地形测量的进展，以SIMRAD EM3000波束系统的测量实例说明多波束系统在海洋工程勘察中的应用。 相似文献
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多波束与侧扫声纳海底目标探测的比较分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
侧扫声纳是目前常用的海底目标(如沉船、水雷、管线等)探测工具,在测深领域,多波束以全覆盖和高效率证明了它的优越性。由于多波束具有很高的分辨率,目前在工程上已经开始应用多波束进行海底目标物的探测。对多波束和侧扫声纳进行了比较分析,并着重探讨了影响多波束分辨率的各种因素。结果表明:多波束的最大优点在于定位精度高,但其适用范围不如侧扫声纳广泛,尤其受到水深和波束角的限制,多波束和侧扫声纳在探测海底目标时具有很好的互补性,同时应用可以提高目标解译的准确性。 相似文献
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基于ROV的近海底地形测量及其在马努斯盆地热液区的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对重点的特殊深海研究区（如热液冷泉、洋中脊区域）,在船载多波束数据获得研究区大面积地形资料的基础上,有必要选取典型深海小靶区进行高分辨率地形测量为进一步深入研究提供保障。根据船载多波束实测数据选取PACMANUS热液区作为靶区,基于长基线定位,利用“发现”ROV搭载多波束系统进行近海底全覆盖地形测量。结果表明,依托于船动力定位系统及差分GPS,长基线为ROV提供了可靠的高精度定位,使得近海底测量的地形数据分辨率数倍优于船载多波束测得的地形数据的分辨率。高分辨率地形清晰的显示了PACMANUS热液区锥形丘体等特殊微地形,与已发现的热液点和火山区有很好的对应。进一步分析发现,该区域活动的热液区主要发育于坡度大于30°斜坡上的地形突变区,其成因仍需深入研究。利用ROV搭载多波束近底测量是获取深海小靶区高分辨率地形的可靠途径和方法,有利于提高深海海底研究的针对性,将促进我国深海科学研究的发展。 相似文献
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海区技术设计作为海道测量的一项重要内容之一,其设计的优劣直接影响测量成果质量和测量效率。而随着多波束测深系统等高新测量技术在海区测量中的广泛应用,传统技术设计很难满足海底精细描述的要求。结合国际海道测量标准,通过建立多波束测深探测脚印计算模型,仿真分析各类设计指标对波束覆盖区域的影响,进而直观形象说明各设计指标对全覆盖测量的影响,提出技术设计内容中关键指标的设计原则及方法。提出的技术设计原则是合理的,给出的选择方案可供作业人员参考。 相似文献
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侧扫声纳和多波束测深系统在海洋调查中的综合应用 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
介绍了利用多波束进行全覆盖水深测量和利用侧扫声纳进行海底、水体目标的探测技术。综合利用多波束水深数据和侧扫声纳声图，可有效增强不同观测数据的互补性和提高工程质量。 相似文献
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The NOAA National Ocean Service hydrographic surveys run between 1930 and 1965 have been digitized from the paper smooth sheets. The surveys since 1965 have been collected, processed, and stored in digital form. The new multibeam systems have been used since 1984 to cover over 100,000 square nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone with overlapping swaths of digital soundings. Each of these multibeam surveys may contain millions of soundings. None of the above data has been assigned quality control tags by NOS, but they are stored by survey number, with indexes showing what younger data are available to supersede older data in any area. Large digital databases, such as the Master Seaftoor Digital Database, are planned in connection with the Defense Hydrographic Initiative. It will be necessary to assign quality control ratings to the soundings in the databases. The detailed survey data may be indexed in the master database but maintained in distributed databases. The databases could supply historical sounding data in digital form for the planning, collection, processing, and evaluation of new survey data. During the compilation of some bathymetric maps and nautical charts, it is necessary to junction and combine the newer multibeam surveys having total bottom coverage, with the more widely spaced historical data. Precedence is given to the newer hydrographic data, with some older data being removed as needed in order to provide a smooth transition between data sets. In applying multibeam data to nautical charts, it is necessary that actual soundings be positioned properly with respect to bottom contours, which may have been drawn using gridded values. The junctioning of historical and newer data sets is expected to be aided by the use of interactive cartographic workstations. 相似文献
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A two-scale roughness model for bottom backscattering (Novarini and Caruthers) was applied to multibeam sounder data (95 kHz) from Browns Bank (south of Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada). In order to better understand frequency and incident angle dependence of backscattering, acoustic-calibration data (1-6 kHz) were collected from the same area and treated with the same model. The frequency and incident angle dependence of bottom backscattering in the multibeam and acoustic-calibration data were compared. Backscattering due to large-scale roughness was most relevant at near-normal incidence (<7°) and it was more dominant in the low-frequency range, and was strongly dependent on incident angle. Volume scattering was least dependent upon incident angle. It was the dominant factor at the large incident angle. Bragg scattering was the most significant over a very wide frequency range and was more important for high frequency (>5 kHz) and small incidence, but not near-normal incidence 相似文献
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Michelle L. McIntyre David F. Naar Kendall L. Carder Brian T. Donahue David J. Mallinson 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2006,27(2):129-136
We present a large-scale quantitative test of a hyperspectral remote-sensing reflectance algorithm. We show that coastal bathymetry
can be adequately derived through model inversions using data from the Airborne Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer instrument.
Data are analyzed from a shore-perpendicular transect 5 km offshore Sarasota, Florida at water depths ranging from 10 m to
15.5 m. Derived bottom depths are compared to a high-resolution multibeam bathymetry survey. Model-derived depths are biased
4.9% shallower than the mean of the multibeam depths with an RMS error of 7.83%. These results suggest that the model performs
well for retrieving bottom depths from hyperspectral data in subtropical coastal areas in water depths ranging from 10 m to
15.5 m. 相似文献
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多波束水深测量中受潮汐因素的影响,测量垂直基准是变化的,具有瞬时性。传统多波束测量,需在测区内设立一个或多个验潮站进行同步水位观测,最终将水深归算到深度基准面上。针对多波束水深测量中垂直基准转换的复杂性问题,文中基于地球重力场模型,结合测区内实测的GNSS/水准数据,通过插值算法建立了测区范围内似大地水准面精化模型,构建了多波束无验潮水深测量的垂直基准转换模型。通过实例表明,该方法有效地消除了潮汐、动态吃水及涌浪等因素影响,直接获取深度基准面的水深值,提高工作效率,可满足近岸多波束水深测量的工作需求。 相似文献
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