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1.
并行隧道围岩应力的线弹性分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
间距较小的并行隧道,两洞室开挖的相互影响不能忽略。引入双圆洞室围岩应力函数的线弹性方程,并通过编程实现工程计算,探讨了间距较小的并行双圆隧道围岩的应力特点以及应力随净距改变的变化规律,为间距较小的并行隧道围岩状态的定性判断提供了依据。 相似文献
2.
N. A. Campbell 《Mathematical Geology》1984,16(2):109-124
Canonical variate analysis is extended for use when the covariance matrices are not equal. Linear combinations of variates are derived by generalizing either a weighted between-groups approach or the likelihood-ratio test and the associated noncentrality matrix. The usual solution and the two generalizations are compared via generated data for a few typical configurations of means in a situation in which the covariance matrices are in fact equal. The MSE of the canonical variate coefficients and group means for the generalizations are approximately three times those for the usual solution, due to corresponding changes in the variances. Two examples are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Ulf Grenander 《Mathematical Geology》1975,7(3):267-278
A deformation mechanism is described and analyzed. It is intended for height patterns exposed to erosion and tectonic activity.
A simulation experiment is carried out for this model. Closedform expressions are derived for the covariance field, the properties
of spectral estimates, and for the optimal retrospective reconstruction of earlier, unknown height patterns. For obvious reasons
the author is in no position to make claims about the verisimilitude of the model. It is offered as an example of a potential
application to geology of the theory of patterns developed by the author and his coworkers in recent years. It is hoped that
those more qualified than the author in the subject matter area can extend and modify the analysis to make it closer to geological
reality.
supported by NSF grant GJ-3100X. 相似文献
4.
S. S. Su 《Natural Hazards》1988,1(1):27-44
Two sample probabilistic hazard maps for the Philippine Region are compiled. In these are shown various levels of expected horizontal ground acceleration for some given annual probability of exceedence, namely, for 0.1% a.p.e. and for 0.01% a.p.e. Such hazard maps are needed by structural engineers for compiling seismic zoning maps. The hazard maps are derived from source-zone or seismogenic maps, which, in turn, are compiled from seismographic, geologic, and geotectonic data. Much weight is put on geotectonic data rather than on seismographic data. The former lends support to extrapolating to much longer periods of exposure time or longer periods of recurrence. 相似文献
5.
Disk clusters are developed to represent the shape of granular materials more precisely (compared to circular particles) and to minimise excessive rolling. Investigating the behaviour of dynamic disk-based discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) with disk clusters is very important to evaluate the applicability of disk-based DDA to dynamic problems in geomechanics. In this paper, the accuracy of disk-based DDA under dynamic conditions is studied by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis. The results obtained by disk-based DDA are compared with the analytical solutions of a disk cluster on an incline subjected to gravitational force only, and three different accelerations of increasing complexity with sinusoidal input functions as well as gravitational load. In this research, the effects of time step size and interface friction angles on the results are studied. Overall, most of the error for both velocity and displacement occurs at the beginning of the solution. With increasing friction angle, the initial perturbation of the solution increases in the case of sliding under gravitational force only, and decreases in the case of sliding under dynamic loads. This study shows that disk-based DDA predicts accurately the velocities and displacements derived with respect to the frictional resistance offered by the inclines. 相似文献
6.
目前,岩浆岩的超基性、基性、中性、酸性的分类均根据SiO2的含量,但这种单一含量判别标准并不严谨,含量经常与分类不完全对应。使用TraceElem 1.0软件对各种岩浆岩进行逐步判别分析、聚类分析和对应分析研究,据此认为超基性岩由MgO和FeO组成的因子确定,基性岩则由P2O5、Fe2O3、TiO2、CaO、MnO组成的因子确定,中性岩由Na2O和Al2O3组成的因子确定,酸性岩由K2O和SiO2组成的因子确定。岩浆岩的分类宜以SiO2为主、以MgO和CaO为辅,尤其要引入MgO。在SiO2含量相同的情况下,MgO、CaO含量越高,基性程度越强。基于这一分析结果,提出一种新的酸度指数（ADI)计算方法,即ADI=w(SiO2)-0.75w(MgO)-0.23w(CaO),ADI<38.0%为超基性岩,在38.0%～52.0%之间为基性岩,在52.0%～62.5%之间为中性岩,>62.5%为酸性岩。 相似文献
7.
以29口钻孔的重矿物百分含量数据来分析样本,通过Q型聚类分析、因子分析方法恢复不同物源体系的发育范围及其母岩类型,并以不同物源体系的边界范围为限定条件,结合ZTR指数及其等值线图,对珠江口盆地惠州凹陷M层物源特征进行了系统的研究。研究结果表明：研究区发育3大物源沉积区,分别为东北-北部物源沉积区、西北物源沉积区和东南物源沉积区,且各区重矿物组合特征明显,主次物源分明,整体表现为母岩类型复杂的特征。东北-北部沉积物主要母岩为酸性岩浆岩,次要母岩为变质岩和沉积岩,西北沉积物主要母岩为中性及基性岩浆岩,次要母岩为酸性岩浆岩和变质岩,东南沉积物主要母岩为中性及基性岩浆岩,次要母岩为变质岩。东北-北部物源区和西北物源区为远源沉积的产物,而东南物源区为近源沉积的产物。东北-北部物源区沉积物来自北方和东北方向,而西北物源区和东南物源区沉积物分别来自西北方向和东南方向。 相似文献
8.
K. Lendering T. Schweckendiek M. Kok 《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2018,12(3):203-217
Polders in the Netherlands are protected from flooding by flood defence systems along main water bodies such as rivers, lakes or the sea. Inside polders, canal levees provide protection from smaller water bodies. Canal levees are mainly earthen levees along drainage canals that drain excess water from polders to the main water bodies. The water levels in these canals are regulated. During the last decades, probabilistic approaches have been developed to quantify the probability of failure of flood defences along the main water bodies. This paper proposes several extensions to this method to quantify the probability of failure of canal levees. These extensions include a method to account for (i) water-level regulation in canals, (ii) the effect of maintenance dredging on the geohydrological response of the canal levee and (iii) survival of loads in the past. The results of a case study demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of quantifying the probability of failure of canal levees and is useful for exploring the relative benefit of risk mitigating measures for canal levees. 相似文献
9.
Summary Sources of error are investigated for a two-dimensional finite difference computer program designed to model strata deformation. The program calculates the displacements of a mesh of mass points, by the iterative solution of equations of equilibrium for the stresses acting on each mass point. The effect of errors on both displacement estimates and stress estimates is considered.Round-off errors are discussed analytically, while the effect of choosing too coarse a mesh density is demonstrated by comparison of two runs of the program with identical material properties, but different mesh densities. The influence of boundary conditions and the result of incomplete relaxation of the finite difference equations is estimated by comparison with Kirsch's analytical solution for a thin plate of finite width with a circular hole under unidimensional load.As a result of the analysis, estimators for stresses and displacements are derived, which make allowance for some of the sources of error; suitable boundary conditions for first and subsequent runs of the program are proposed; and a convergence criterion for the iterative process is suggested. These results are then applied to simulations of mining situations, together with various refinements of the basic model, such as separation and slip between adjacent strata, and an allowance for failure of material. 相似文献
10.
岩石光谱特征是岩性识别的物理基础。选取常见的10种岩石类型15种岩石样品的光谱数据,对其进行均值、重采样、平滑、水汽吸收波段拟值等预处理,以消除岩石光谱噪声,然后通过包络线消除法,获得了岩石光谱特征参数,发现云母板岩（风化面）吸收特征最为明显;对包络线消除处理后的光谱数据进行对应分析,提取出R型主因子载荷,得到第一主因子轴代表主要的阳离子、阴离子诊断波段和水分子吸收波段,第二主因子轴代表少数阳离子的特征波段,获得与岩石相关的特征波段为385~525 nm、735~1 365 nm、1 435~1 785 nm、1 890~1 952 nm、1 995~2 310 nm,并找出了主要吸收波段的物理含义。通过对应分析二维图像,将岩石光谱分为4类,从第一类到第四类吸收深度逐渐变浅,吸收面积呈递减趋势,吸收宽度逐渐变窄,吸收峰逐渐增多,Fe2+和Fe3+吸收峰增多,铁化、泥化蚀变现象更明显。用聚类分析法对分类结果进行验证发现,分类结果有较好的对应性。从而为岩石和成像光谱图像数据精细分类提供参考依据,实现了对岩石高光谱海量数据的有效提取,进而为遥感矿产预测和找矿提供依据。 相似文献
11.
O. Jaquet 《Mathematical Geology》1989,21(7):683-691
A regionalized variable, thickness of the reservoir layer, from a gas field is decomposed by factorial kriging analysis. Maps of the obtained components may be associated with depositional environments that are favorable for petroleum exploration. 相似文献
12.
基于稳健有序独立成分分析(ROICA)的矿产预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
独立成分分析（ICA）充分考虑了以往主成份分析（PCA）没考虑到但又非常重要的数据高阶统计特性,但ICA分离后的信号具有顺序、符号、幅度的不确定性,而矿产资源预测又必须弄清分离后信号（地质变量）的地质意义;为此,提出了一种基于稳健有序独立成分分析(ROICA)的矿产预测方法。首先对地质数据进行稳健预处理,然后进行独立成分分析,借鉴因子分析的思想解决独立成分分析算法不确定性的局限,从而可以反映分离变量的有序性。将ROICA方法用于广东省肇庆双壬铜矿区进行矿产资源预测。实验结果表明：该区金银矿体的赋存空间位置与传统均值方差方法给出的异常位置明显不对应,没有指示意义;而经过稳健有序ICA处理后的Au、Ag独立成分异常与实际的Au、Ag矿体吻合度很高;Cu、Pb、Zn独立成分异常与Au、Ag矿关联性不大,反映研究区的Cu、Pb、Zn等其他元素或组合不具有Au、Ag矿的指示意义。ROICA方法可用于矿产资源预测。 相似文献
13.
Eighty-eight specimens of Eocene nummulitids from the Yellow Limestone Formation of northwestern Jamaica are classified according to quantitative measurements of morphologic parameters that are generally considered to be taxonomically useful. The specimens are grouped into homogeneous classes by the computer screening of differently oriented data projections. By this method, the use of similarity coefficients and the question of a priori weighting of characters, for which numerical taxonomy has been heavily criticized, are both avoided. The stability of the classes thus obtained is validated by discriminant analysis. These techniques provide an objective view of phenetic differences among specimens and show how the measured characters produce those differences. Tightness of coiling and total number of whorls, prove to be the most useful features in discriminating between groups but seem to have taxonomic value only at the specific and not at the generic level. This suggests that the generaOperculinoides andNummulites are synonymous. 相似文献
14.
Paul F. Czeglédy 《Mathematical Geology》1972,4(4):291-305
On the basis of samples taken from a known topographic surface, the parameters of two types of linear models are estimated. The first category is defined by polynomials or trigonometric functions, whose parameters are simultaneously computed from available data. In the second category a set of local centers is defined, and in the neighborhood of each center a fixed-degree polynomial is developed. An approximative resemblance index is calculated, and contour maps corresponding to various models are compared with the topographic map. It is found that with an increasing number of grid points, maps of local polynomials are converging both in continuity and in resemblance. For a sufficient number of grid points, this resemblance is always higher than those produced by models of the first category. 相似文献
15.
在对洞庭湖区钻孔岩心进行地球化学采样分析的基础上,研究总结了不同物源沉积物元素及其组合的地球化学特征,认为长江物源与四水(湘、资、沅、澧)相比,以富Fe、Na、Ca和Mg、贫Si、高CaO/MgO、Cr/Th、Ca/Cd、Ti/Si、TC/N,低K/Na等为特征,通过散点图和因子分析筛选出Cr/Th等8个指标,构建物质来源地球化学推断的判别方程,利用多目标区域地球化学调查数据,绘制湖区表层沉积物的判别得分图,划分出了长江和四水物源的两个沉积区。 相似文献
16.
陆相沉积的天文地层研究方法简介——以井下地层为例 总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2
XU Dao-yi ) ZHANG Hai-feng ) HAN Yan-ben ) YIN Zhi-qiang ) LI Bao-li ) YAO Yi-min ) ) Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing ) Geological Scientific Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Company SINOPEC Dongying ) National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《地层学杂志》2007,(Z2)
通过对我国大陆三十余口井的测井资料研究成果,归纳出对陆相地层进行天文地层研究的方法。介绍了所用的新的天文周期理论值、测井资料的选取及预处理方法,重点说明谱分析的数据点数的选定、不同参数(自然伽玛、自然电位和岩屑)的测井资料谱分析结果的对比,以实例说明如何选定主要优势旋回和AR值,以及FIR数字滤波器的基本性质和数字滤波结果,小波分析的特点和通过小波图进行调频的方法,并介绍了地层单位的延续时间计算和年龄确定方法。 相似文献
17.
盘山山前地下水与矿泉水污染成因分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章利用主成分分析方法,结合揭示变量和样品之间在成因或空间上联系的对应分析,通过SPSS统计分析软件,对盘山山前地区地下水和矿泉水污染成因进行分析。研究表明,盘山山前存在地下水和矿泉水污染;局部范围的污染主要是由于食品厂等企业的排污引起的,污染成分主要是Cl-和NO3—N,主要污染地区是塔院地区,其次是西大佛塔至南营,污染程度与至污染源的距离有关;大部分地区存在三氮面状污染,农业氮肥的施用是其主要原因。 相似文献
18.
ABAQUS的二次开发及在土石坝静、动力分析中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用UMAT子程序,在ABAQUS中开发了用于静力分析的邓肯非线性弹性模型和用于动力分析的等效线性模型,丰富了ABAQUS软件的材料库;针对土石坝的分级填土施工、新填土层的位移修正、土石坝蓄水后的浸水湿化效应、坝体材料的液化判别和地震永久变形计算等土石坝分析中的特定问题在ABAQUS中的实现提出了相应的解决方案。算例的计算结果合理可靠,表明经二次开发后ABAQUS可用于土石坝的静、动力分析,从而可利用ABAQUS前后处理方便、计算精度高和模拟复杂问题能力强的优点,为土石坝分析提供一种可供选择的手段。 相似文献
19.
20.
Space spectral analysis of zonal (u) and meridional (v) components of wind and time spectral analysis of kinetic energy of zonal waves at 850 hPa during monsoon 1991 (1st June
1991 to 31st August 1991) for the global belt between equator and 40°N are investigated. Space spectral analysis shows that
long waves (wavenumbers 1 and 2) dominate the energetics of Region 1 (equator to 20°N) while over Region 2 (20°N to 40°N)
the kinetic energy of short waves (wavenumbers 3 to 10) is more than kinetic energy of long waves. It has been found that
kinetic energy of long waves is dominated by zonal component while both (zonal and meridional) the components of wind have
almost equal contribution in the kinetic energy of short waves.
Temporal variations of kinetic energy of wavenumber 2 over Region 1 and Region 2 are almost identical. The correlation matrix
of different time series shows that (i) wavenumber 2 over Regions 1 and 2 might have the same energy source and (ii) there
is a possibility of an exchange of kinetic energy between wavenumber 1 over Region 1 and short waves over Region 2. Wave to
wave interactions indicate that short waves over Region 2 are the common source of kinetic energy to wavenumber 2 over Regions
1 and 2 and wavenumber 1 over Region 1. Time spectral analysis of kinetic energy of zonal waves indicates that wavenumber
1 is dominated by 30–45 day and bi-weekly oscillations while short waves are dominated by weekly and bi-weekly oscillations.
The correlation matrix, wave to wave interaction and time spectral analysis together suggest that short period oscillations
of kinetic energy of wavenumber 1 might be one of the factors causing dominant weekly (5–9 day) and bi-weekly (10–18 day)
oscillations in the kinetic energy of short waves. 相似文献