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针对长江口10个站位样品,采用HM培养基和ZMCA培养基分离培养耐(嗜)盐菌,通过PCR方法获取156株细菌的16S rDNA序列。其中,由HM培养基分离获得136株菌株,可划分为33个分类单元(OUT),分属α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的芽孢杆菌纲(Bacilli)3个类群,其中γ-变形菌纲为优势耐(嗜)盐细菌;靠近海岸的站点M5-1,N6-2和M4-1耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于厚壁菌门,而远离海岸的站点耐(嗜)盐细菌均属于变形菌门。以ZMCA培养基分离获得的20株菌株分属α-变形菌纲和放线菌纲(Actinobacteria),可划分为10个OTU。由HM培养基分离获得的菌株中,70.5%属于耐盐菌,29.5%属于中度嗜盐菌;由ZMCA培养基分离获得的菌株均为耐盐菌。HM培养基分离得到的136株细菌的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原性分析表明,亚硝酸盐还原菌数量仅为硝酸盐还原菌的1/3左右。 相似文献
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对东风盐场9个站位卤水中由藻类植物产生的可溶性糖浓度的变化规律及其与海盐产量和质量之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明，各站位可溶性糖含量的变化范围为0．7－124．3mg／L，以6月份最高，2月份最低；卤水中可溶性糖在111mg／L－215mg／L范围内，结晶盐的产量随卤水中可溶性糖含量的增加而提高，但同时降低了NaCl的含量，并增加了可溶性杂质及水分的含量，从而降低了盐质。初始可溶性糖浓度为111mg／L、137mg／L、160mg／L、193mg／L和215mg／L的25．4°Be’的卤水，在日照下实验12天，其对应结晶盐的NaCl含量分别为91．66％、90．63％、90．48％、90．23％和88．46％，可溶性杂质的含量分别为3．05％、3．32％、3．33％和4．54％。 相似文献
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我国近海中度嗜盐菌的分离筛选及其产酶多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解我国近海中度嗜盐菌系统发育多样性及产酶特性,从天津、山东、江苏、福建、海南等地近海采集样品为研究对象,分离筛选得到108株中度嗜盐菌,其中有26株至少产一种酶。通过对其形态特征、生理生化、16SrRNA基因序列及系统进化树进行分析,将26株菌鉴定为细菌域的Halomonas、Idiomarina、Virgibacillus、Pontibacillus、Oceanobacillus、Halobacillus和Marinilactibacillus属的菌株。它们与相应属的模式菌株16SrRNA基因序列相似性在97%~100%不等,其中有些菌株可能代表不同的分类单元。底物特异性试验表明,分离的26株中度嗜盐菌13株产蛋白酶,19株产淀粉酶,13株产酯酶,4株产纤维素酶。其中6株产3种酶,11株产2种酶。研究结果表明中度嗜盐菌具有系统发育和产酶多样性,同时蕴藏着较多新的微生物类群,为嗜盐微生物资源应用开发提供了参考。 相似文献
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烟台海域中度嗜盐菌分离、鉴定和系统进化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究山东烟台海域中度嗜盐菌的分布情况及种群特征,从烟台近海盐场采集的土样和水样中利用高氏一号培养基分离得到22株中度嗜盐菌。通过菌落形态观察、生理生化特征分析比较,选取其中的9株进行16SrDNA序列分析和系统进化分析,结果表明这些中度嗜盐菌分别属于7个属:芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、枝芽孢杆菌属(Virgibacillus)、薄壁芽孢杆菌属(Gracilibacillus)、刘氏菌属(Liuella)、产微球茎菌属(Microbulbifer)、拟诺卡氏菌属(Nocardiopsis)和交替单胞菌属(Alteromonas),其中菌株YTM-8、YTM-12和YTM-13可能是潜在的新种。以上研究结果表明烟台海域中存在有较为丰富的嗜盐微生物多样性,并且潜藏着新类型的嗜盐菌资源。 相似文献
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《海洋通报(英文版)》2017,(1)
类胡萝卜素具有多种生物学活性,红色嗜盐古菌胞膜上大量积累的色素是具有生物技术应用潜力的类胡萝卜素。本文从中国汉沽盐场结晶池卤水中分离得到一株红色单菌落,经16S rRNA基因测序和Blast比对,确定其为极端嗜盐古菌Halobacteriaceae属Haloarcula种。为了确定不同碳源对Haloarcula细胞生长的影响,在含有10 g/L酵母提取物和酸水解酪蛋白(4:3,w/w)的培养基中分别添加10 g/L蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖和可溶性淀粉,摇瓶培养后发现,蔗糖是Haloarcula细胞生长的最适碳源。进一步将5g/L、10g/L和15g/L蔗糖分别加入改良CM培养基,摇瓶培养后发现10 g/L蔗糖添加水平最佳。对色素提取物进行TLC和硅胶柱层析分析表明,在Haloarcula胞内有五种主要色素的积累,根据它们的光谱扫描吸收特性初步判定,其中三种色素为番茄红素,菌红素和菌红素的衍生物。 相似文献
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刺参肠道及养殖池塘底泥微生物多样性的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《海洋湖沼通报》2015,(4)
刺参养殖作为北方环渤海地区新兴的经济产业,池塘养殖是其主要的养殖模式,而传统养殖模式中其生长环境易受外界影响,池塘底泥和刺参消化道中菌群的变化易引起刺参病害的发生,本文旨在通过研究不同季节刺参肠道及刺参养殖池底泥中菌系多样性及变化为深入了解刺参池塘养殖系统微生物的结构与功能提供参考。运用纯培养方法和16SrRNA基因序列分析,在1年中分4次取样,从刺参肠道和刺参养殖池底泥中分离出共151株海洋菌株,其中肠道菌72株,养殖池塘底泥79株,发现新菌种5株,拮抗菌株1株,通过构建系统发育树对刺参肠道及养殖环境底泥多样性进行研究。结果显示:分离的菌株分属海王星菌属(Neptuniibacter)、假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、迪茨氏菌属(Dietzia)、铁单胞菌属(Ferrimonas)、需盐杆菌属(Salegentibacter)等31个属;通过TCBS培养基筛选后发现弧菌属(Vibrio)在刺参肠道中有32株,底泥中28株,是刺参肠道和底泥环境中的第一大优势菌属,其数量随着时间变化呈上升趋势。 相似文献
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厦门地区近海温泉嗜热菌的分离、鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
嗜热菌是一类特殊的极端环境微生物.本文所用的实验样品采集于厦门地区两个近海温泉的4个不同位点,通过16SrDNA序列分析对所分离到的312株细菌进行了归类总结,鉴定出嗜热栖热菌、嗜热脂肪泥土芽孢杆菌、嗜高温纤维分解菌、泥土芽孢杆菌属、水生栖热菌、假单胞菌属、木糖氧化无色杆菌、uncultured sheep mite bacte-rium、uncultured gamma proteobacterium等9种嗜热菌株,其中嗜高温纤维分解菌和嗜热栖热菌是主要的可培养优势菌群.其生长温度均在60-85℃,中性pH值.从而得出厦门地区近海温泉样品中的微生物生长类群信息,并发现了某些可能的新菌群,有助于了解该地区近海温泉特有环境下的可培养的微生物群落类型. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献