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1.
潮汕坳陷中生代沉积的折射波2D速度结构和密度 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
2006年秋,国家海洋局第二海洋研究所在东沙隆起和潮汕（潮南）坳陷完成了OBS2006-3剖面。在整条剖面速度模型的基础上,采用2D层析成像方法,对潮汕（潮南）坳陷区7个站位的中生界折射震相进行了精细的反演成像。结果表明,坳陷内可分3个沉积层,前两层是新生代沉积,速度分别为2.2 km/s和3.6 km/s,厚度较小,不超过2 km。中生代沉积地层的速度从顶部的4.4 km/s向下逐渐增加到底部的5.4 km/s,厚度较大,最厚处为8 km左右。坳陷内速度是比较均匀地随深度增加的,成水平层状分布。重力反演表明,潮汕坳陷中生代沉积的平均密度为2.45 g/cm3,地壳密度为2.86 g/cm3,下地壳高速层密度为3.05 g/cm3,莫霍面下面的上地幔密度为3.32 g/cm3。 相似文献
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南沙中部海域北康盆地重、磁异常解释 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对南沙中部海域北康盆地重、磁资料的定量计算、定性解释，认为空间重力异常主要受浅部地质因素影响，空间重力异常的高低间接地反映了海底地形起伏变化、新生代沉积层厚度大小、沉积岩密度变化以及基底的坳、隆等特征；磁力异常资料通过预后处理及反演计算，推测北康盆地新生代火成岩以酸性—中基性岩为主，磁性基底与声波基底基本一致，可划分为三处坳陷及两处隆起；北康盆地位于减薄的大陆壳上，莫霍面深度约19～22km。重、磁资料综合解释结果为沉积盖层构造分区、基底断裂推断及火成岩岩性识别提供依据。 相似文献
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南沙中部海域北康·曾母盆地重磁异常特征及解释 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
通过对南沙中部海域北康、曾母盆地重、磁资料的定量计算、定性解释,认为空间重力异常主要受浅部地质因素影响,空间重力异常的高低间接地反映了海底地形起伏变化、新生代沉积层厚度大小、沉积岩密度变化以及基底的坳、隆等特征;磁力异常资料通过预后处理及反演计算,推测北康、曾母盆地新生代火成岩以中酸性-中基性岩为主,磁性基底与声波基底基本一致,可划分为2处坳陷及3处隆起;北康、曾母盆地位于减薄的大陆壳上,莫霍面深度约21～2 km.重、磁资料综合解释结果为沉积盖层构造分区、基底断裂推断及火成岩岩性识别提供依据. 相似文献
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深地震探测揭示的西北地区莫霍面深度 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
从20世纪70年代以来, 在我国西北地区进行了大量的深地震探测研究。本文通过对西北地区的深地震探测研究的总结和梳理, 探讨了西北地区的莫霍面深度与变化及其地球动力学意义。结果表明: 比起我国其他地区, 西北地区莫霍面无论是埋深还是形态均变化最大, 反映出受印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞远程效应影响, 西北地区地壳整体变形强烈。莫霍面最深(约90 km)位于西昆仑与喀喇昆仑构造结合处, 最浅处位于准噶尔盆地西缘的克拉玛依(约35.5 km), 最深与最浅相差约55 km。在盆山结合部位及大型走滑断裂, 如阿尔金断裂、中天山北缘断裂带等均存在莫霍面错断。天山造山带东西段莫霍面深度变化明显, 西段深于东段。这些特征指示了中国西北部盆山之间的构造关系、天山造山带西段和东段不同的深部动力学机制以及古老断裂带的活化。 相似文献
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云南莫霍面形状与大型矿床空间关系探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以32个大型金属矿床为例，探讨其与莫霍面形态，空间关系及其相关的问题，应用的莫霍面图可靠程度较高，莫霍面形态复杂，地幔坳陷分坳陷带和坳陷区两大类，大小不一，统计显示，大型矿床平均分布于规模较大的幔坳中心两侧22km范围内，其原因可能有三：一是界面金属原子的能量比内部要大得多，它的活动性增强，有利于成矿作用的进行，二是边缘成矿效应，三是坳陷两侧往往被超壳断裂切穿，成为矿液上升的通道和赋矿场所，提出云县－勐海、兰坪东支杆－三山及宾川小龙潭三个预测区，认为思茅以东 江以北及昆明－石屏等幔坳带两侧，均是寻找大型矿床的有利区带。 相似文献
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钻遇莫霍面是人类一直以来的梦想。深海海底是地球上离莫霍面最近的地方，目前有研究推测南海是世界上莫霍面深度最浅的海域之一，但缺乏足够的直接证据。深反射地震探测可以直接揭示岩石圈的构造形态，是莫霍面探测的重要手段。本文基于长达15000 km的深反射多道地震剖面的解释、处理、制图和分析，结合前人的研究，形成了南海海盆区莫霍面反射特征和空间分布的初步认识。① 南海东部次海盆南部早期经历了较快速扩张，岩浆供应充足，受扩张停止后岩浆活动影响较小，基底平坦，地质构造相对简单，同时洋壳地震速度结构不存在异常，且有较强的广角莫霍面反射波和可识别的地幔顶部折射波，具备莫霍面钻探的基本条件。② 南海海盆不同区域的莫霍面反射强度存在较大差异。其中东部次海盆莫霍面反射最为强烈且清晰，西北次海盆次之，西南次海盆仅有零星出现的清晰莫霍面反射且可信度不高。③ 识别南海海盆区莫霍面地震反射长度超过3500 km，首次形成了海盆区深度域莫霍面地震反射空间分布图。与重力反演的莫霍面深度相比，利用深反射多道地震计算的莫霍面深度细节更为丰富，并且可以在垂向上清晰刻画莫霍面的结构。整体上，南海海盆区莫霍面地震反射强烈和可信度高的区域中，深度较浅的区域之一是东部次海盆南部，最浅处仅约9. 5 km，其中水深4. 01 km，洋壳厚度仅5. 54 km。综合判断，东部次海盆南部是南海重要的莫霍面钻探备选区，这对南海莫霍面钻探选址具有重要意义。 相似文献
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酒西坳陷构造样式分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
段宏亮 《大地构造与成矿学》2004,28(3):353-354
酒西坳陷位于酒泉盆地西端,大地构造位置位于阿尔金走滑断裂带、阿拉善地块与北祁连造山带的结合部位。坳陷边缘断裂祁连山北缘逆冲断裂带和阿尔金走滑断裂带的长期继承性活动及其派生的次级基底断裂控制了坳陷内不同时期的构造格局、构造样式和后期形变(陈建平等,2001),造成坳陷南部中新生界构造层内构造样式多样化。它们的类 相似文献
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为研究西藏措勤—洞错地区的地质结构,对2006年采集的1:50000重、磁剖面资料进行了分析、处理、曲线拟合计算与解释。结果表明,南端冈底斯基底走滑断隆带古生界褶皱基底很浅,缺失中生界;中部措勤盆地则埋深较大,最深可达9km,并表现为北深南浅的格局,主要充填了巨厚的中生界;北部班公湖-怒江缝合带的基底深度小于3km;剖面上羌塘地体的基底深度约3.5km。剖面中部措勤盆地北部坳陷与班公湖-怒江缝合带结晶基底磁性弱,北部和南部结晶基底磁性强。推断了12条断裂,其中F7断裂为措勤盆地北界,F1断裂为盆地南界。推断了6个花岗岩类岩体、2个蛇绿岩体及一套规模较大的火山岩,并描述了其地下赋存的特征。 相似文献
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由于受地表沙漠和巨厚新生界覆盖,塔里木盆地西南部开展的基础地质调查较少,特别是对深部地质结构认识还比较模糊。笔者根据近年来在塔西南实测的高精度无人机航空磁测数据资料,对塔西南的地质构造、磁性基底隆坳格局、构造格架等较模糊的地质问题进行了深入研究。本文应用三维欧拉反褶积反演方法计算磁性基底深度显示,在伽师北部存在一近东西向的凹陷带,在磁性基底- 10 km等深线上前陆中部坳陷带自西向东展现出由喀什凹陷、英吉沙凸起等9个凹陷和凸起相间构成,凸起或凹陷受基底断裂控制,凹陷内存在多个局部洼陷中心具逆冲推覆断裂前缘局部洼陷构造规律。根据基底深度差异,提出前陆中部凹陷与麦盖提斜坡西段之间基底断裂构造边界认识,中新生界下伏的基性火山岩主要分布在岳普湖-色力布亚和叶城南部,其形成受近东西、北东向深断裂控制等地质认识。研究成果对塔西南深坳盆地的深部地质构造研究及深层油气调查具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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川滇地区重力场特征与地壳变形研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
对川滇地区重力场特征进行了研究,获得了研究区内地壳厚度分布及变形特征。总体上,研究区内地壳厚度从西北向东南逐渐减小。川滇菱形块体中内部出现了广泛的地壳增厚现象,并可能一直延伸至菱形块体的最南端。丽江-小金河断裂带在重力场特征上表现为龙门山断裂带向西南的延伸,其东侧主体构造走向等特征与扬子地块一致,推测丽江-小金河断裂带与龙门山断裂、红河断裂带一起构成了扬子地块的西边界。滇西地区布格重力一阶导数与现今地壳变形格局总体一致,主体构造方向为北北西-近南北向,代表了“新”构造主体构造线的方向;上延至45km后,主体构造上转变为以近东西向为主。 相似文献
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柯坪塔格推覆构造几何学、运动学及其构造演化 总被引：29，自引：1，他引：29
大量野外构造地质调查和深部构造解释表明柯坪塔格推覆构造由多组倒转复式背斜、复式箱状背斜构成的推覆体及其前缘逆冲断裂组成 ,由寒武系—第四系组成的推覆体由北向南逆—斜冲 ,平面上构成向南凸出的弧形推覆构造 ;普昌断裂由各不相连的逆冲斜冲断裂段组成 ,而不是完整的一条走滑断层 ,各推覆体前缘逆冲断裂与各推覆体的普昌断裂段共同构成统一的前缘逆冲斜冲逆冲断裂和推覆构造系统 ;普昌断裂段以西的推覆体具有向东抬升、向西倾覆的鼻状构造特征 ,普昌断裂段以东的推覆体具有向西抬升、向东倾覆的鼻状构造特征 ,普昌基底隆起带是巴楚隆起隐伏在柯坪塔格推覆构造之下的部分。各推覆体前缘断裂在深部均归并于统一的寒武系底部的滑脱面 ,其南浅北深 ,东浅西深 (普昌隆起带以西 )或西浅东深 (普昌隆起带以东 ) (6 10km ) ,埋深较大区发育多组滑脱面。柯坪塔格推覆构造的形成时期为晚第四纪 ,为现今活动的推覆构造系统。文中认为各推覆体向南西的倾覆端基底滑脱面和中新生界内部的滑脱面没有贯通 ,是未来 6级以上地震的发震构造部位。 相似文献
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通过对松辽盆地南部十屋断陷1∶5万重磁资料的处理分析,使用离散的二维小波变换、相关滤波、异常剥离以及常规的重磁位场分离方法来揭示盆地基底及构造特征,结合地质、地震和钻孔资料,对十屋断陷基底断裂进行了综合预测。在十屋断陷基底内部确定了21条主要断裂,主要分为4组,即F1桑树台断裂、F2八屋断裂带、F3金山断裂、F4大榆树断裂。十屋断陷基底主干断裂系统主要由盆地西侧桑树台断裂和盆地内部一系列NE走向的断裂组成。桑树台断裂北部为NE走向,中部近SN走向,南部为NW走向,总体平面形态为弧形。盆地内部具有3组NE向正断层,这些正断层走向与桑树台断裂北段一致,应该和桑树台断裂形成于同一构造应力场作用下。研究结果为十屋断陷基底油气勘探提供了重要的依据。 相似文献
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One of the major tectonic problems in Europe concerns the southwest margin of the East European Platform in the region of the so-called Polish-Danish trough. In general, this margin is assumed to be the Tornquist-Teisseyre (T-T) Line, running approximately from northwest to southeast in this part of Europe. Determination of deep crustal structure of the contact zone between the Precambrian Platform and the Palaeozoic Platform was the main aim of the deep seismic sounding (DSS) programme in Poland in 1965–1982.Deep seismic soundings of the Earth's crust have been made in the T-T Line zone along nine profiles with a total length of about 2600 km. The results of deep seismic soundings have shown that the crust in the marginal zone of the East European Platform has highly anomalous properties. The width of this zone ranges from 50 km in northwest Poland to about 90 km in southeast Poland. The crustal thickness of the Palaeozoic Platform in Poland is 30–35 km, and of the Precambrian Platform 42–47 km, while in the T-T tectonic zone it varies from 50 to 55 km. Above the Moho boundary, in the T-T zone, at a depth of 40–45 km, there is a seismic discontinuity with P-wave velocities of 7.5–7.7 km/s. Boundary velocities, mean velocities and stratification of the Earth's crust vary distinctly along the T-T zone. There are also observed high gravimetric and magnetic anomalies in the T-T zone. The T-T tectonic zone determined in this manner is a deep tectonic trough with rift properties.The deep fractures delineating the T-T tectonic zone are of fundamental importance for the localization of the plate edge of the Precambrian Platform of eastern Europe. In the light of DSS results, the northeastern margin of the T-T tectonic zone is a former plate boundary of the East European Platform. 相似文献
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Gravity and magnetic data were collected and used to study the crustal structure of Jordan. Three new geophysical maps of Jordan were created: a Moho discontinuity map, a crystalline basement surface map, and a map showing the lowest limit of magnetic blocks. Depths of the Curie Isotherm were also calculated. Results indicate that the depth to the Moho discontinuity in Jordan varies from 32 to 33 km in the northwest to 38 km in the southeast. The basement complex rocks outcrop on the surface in the southwest but lie at about 8 km in the northeast. The Curie Isotherm (585 °C) lies at a depth of about 10 km in the area east of the Dead Sea and dips southeastward towards the Al-Sirhan (Wadi Sirhan), southeast Jordan, where it is located at 35 km depth. Local isostasy of rock masses (blocks) in Jordan does not occur. Nevertheless, this does not rule out the possible existence of isostasy in a regional scale at greater depths within the mantle. 相似文献
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Approximately 400,000 line kilometers of high quality, low level Arctic aeromagnetic data collected by the Naval Research Laboratory, the Naval Oceanographic Office and the Naval Ocean Reseach and Development Activity from 1972 through 1978 have been analyzed for depth to magnetic source. This data set covers much of the Canada Basin, the Alpha Ridge, the central part of the Makarov Basin, the Lincoln Sea, the Eurasia Basin west and south of the 55°E meridian and the Norwegian-Greenland Sea north of the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone. The analysis uses the autocorrelation algorithm developed by Phillips (1975, 1978) and based on the maximum entropy method of Burg (1967, 1968, 1975). The method is outlined, examples of various error analysis techniques shown and final results presented. Where possible, magnetic source depth estimates are compared with basement depths derived from seismic and bathymetric data.All major known bathymetric features, including Vesteris Bank and the Greenland, Molloy and Spitsbergen fracture zones, as well as the Mohns, Knipovich and Nansen spreading ridges and the Alpha Cordillera appear as regional highs in the calculated magnetic basement topography. Shallow basement was also found under the northeastern Yermak Plateau, the Morris Jesup Rise and under the southern (Greenland-Ellesmere Island) end of the Lomonsosov Ridge. Regional magnetic source deeps are associated with such bathymetric depressions as the Canada, Makarov, Amundsen, Nansen, Greenland and Lofoten basins; more localized magnetic basement deeps are found over the Molloy F.Z. deep and over the Mohns, Knipovich and Nansen rift valleys. A linear magnetic basement deep follows the extension of Nares Strait through the Lincoln Sea toward the Morris Jesup Rise, suggesting the continuation of the Nares Strait or Wegener F.Z. into the Lincoln Sea. A sharp drop in the regional magnetic source depths to the southeast of the Alpha Ridge suggests the Alpha Ridge is not connected to structures in northwest Ellesmere Island as previously postulated from high altitude aeromagnetic collected by Canadian workers. A regional deep under the east Greenland shelf west of the Greenland Escarpment suggests the presence of 5–10 km of post-Paleozoic sediments. 相似文献
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HQ-E爆破地震测深剖面的地壳浅部精细结构及其地质构造研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
HQE爆破地震测线的地壳浅部的精细结构研究结果表明,上地壳的速度结构由疏松盖层、沉积层、加里东褶皱构造层及元古宙结晶基底等4个构造层构成,且大致以武夷山为界,宁都以西的低速凹陷区与中新生代沉积盆地相对应,加里东褶皱基底底部剧烈起伏,其最大埋深可达10km;而在宁都以东地区,地表速度明显增大,且加里东褶皱基底底界的深度明显变浅,仅为3～5km。笔者根据地壳浅部速度精细结构的变化特征对剖面沿线的构造单元进行了划分,并对邵阳盆地、衡阳盆地、茶陵盆地及泰(和)兴(国)盆地等盆地的分布范围、性质、基底及其主要地层分布进行了初步的分析和探讨。 相似文献
19.
庐枞盆地位于怀宁-庐江“磁高重高”区域异常带的枞阳-庐江异常区,其区域重力场特征与区域磁场特征明显。本文利用上述特征异常,采用重磁多尺度边缘检测方法,对庐枞盆地重力和航磁数据进行了边缘检测,得到庐枞盆地不同深度的密度和磁性信息及重磁异常边界。结合重磁异常分布特点进行构造格架的推断、基底隆起区划分,建立了庐枞盆地构造格架。认为庐枞盆地基底断裂有四组方向,以北东走向断裂为主;盆地包含四块基底隆起区和一块基底残块隆起区。在此基础上,分析了庐枞盆地主要矿集区与构造格架的关系,提出了“S”形重力高异常带是寻找中深部隐伏矿床的有利部位的新认识。 相似文献
20.
The stratigraphic and tectonic setting in the northwest part of Himalayan belt is complex and thrusted due to the collision of Indian plate and the Eurasian plate. During the past, the Himalaya is divided into four parts; these are Outer Himalaya, Lesser Himalaya, Greater or Higher Himalaya and Tethys Himalaya. The appearance of basement rocks played a significant role in the Himalayan periphery for stratigraphic, structural and tectonic movement. The deformation pattern of the crustal rocks causing the rise of basement rocks which constitutes an integral part of crustal configuration during the evolutionary stages of the Himalaya. In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the basement depth configuration using spectral analysis and Euler deconvolution technique of gravity data in the northwest Himalaya region. The elevation increases continuously from 500 m to 5100 m in SW to NE direction, however, Bouguer gravity anomaly decreases continuously from ?130 mGal to ?390 mGal in SW to NE direction due to the isostaic adjustment. Gravity anomaly is very low near Harsil, Badrinath and Joshimath area and observed higher elevation due to the deep rooted basement. However, there are extrusion of crystalline basement in and around the Badrinath area due to the resettlement of geologic process which are overlaid to the top surface of the sedimentary layers. Euler deconvolution technique has been applied to detect the direct basement depth and results show a good correlation with the average depth of the spectral analysis and other works carried by different authors. Three gravity profiles are selected in appropriate places orienting SW-NE direction with a profile length of 160 km, 150 km and 140 km respectively in the study area for calculating the average depth of the basement rock. The average basement depth calculated is around 11.27 km using the spectral analysis technique and results are well correlated with the results of various workers. Euler deconvolution studies along the three selected profiles have been interpreted. It has been observed that there are more number of cluster points falling between depth ranges of 10 to 15 km, dipping in SW to NE direction. Euler’s study shows deep rooted connection near Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), Main Central Thrust (MCT), Bearing Thrust (BT) and Vaikrita Thrust (VT) locations as per profile study. Based on these studies three geological models have been prepared along the profiles showing different tectonic resettlement and depth of crystalline basement. Crystalline rocks exposed at the surface may be due to uplift along the shear in the MCT zone by kinetic flow basically, Munsiayari Thrust (MT) and VT in the of NW-Himalaya region. 相似文献