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1.
乌鲁木齐河源冰川径流采用实测的１号冰川物质平衡、降水等为基本资料进行估算：冰川强烈消融期在７月中旬－８月旬，冰川多年平均径流深度为４４２ｍｍ。相当于冰川每年减薄１３５ｍｍ。用“替代冰川”估算出山口以上冰川总径流量为１．８７×１０＾７ｍ＾３，占英雄总径流的８％。 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川年物质平衡量的预报方法与资料插补 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本利用乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川物质平衡量实测资料、天山大西沟温度大降水、乌鲁木齐地温资源，讨论了该冰川物质平衡与某些气候要素的关系；７月气温、夏季５－７月降水及３－４月地温是控制当年物质平衡量的主要气象要素；通过寻找最佳因子，利用多元线性回归方法，建立了该冰川年物质平衡的预报公式，同时讨论了资料插补问题。 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐河径流主要来源于降水和冰雪融水，近３０年来由于夏季气温的回升及降水量减少，导致了冰川减薄。采用相关法对上游大西沟气温、降水及１号冰川物质平衡值进行趋势计算得出，乌鲁木齐河上游冰川区域夏季平均气温回升了０．１４℃；而６－８月降水总量减少２４ｍｍ，７－８月降水总量减少１９ｍｍ，年降水量减少１７ｍｍ；近３０年来１号冰川平均每减薄１４０ｍｍ水层，９０年代初冰川减薄厚度平均每年达１８１ｍｍ水层。根据 相似文献
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在天山乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川度部取冰样１２个，加工成直径１１３ｍｍ，长２００ｍｍ的试样，在－１±０．３℃和０．４２ＭＰａ（其中一试样为０．８４ＭＰａ）的条件下，作恒应力单轴压缩蠕变试验，试样岩屑含量为０．０１－２．５０％的体积比。试验得出最小应变率出现在变为１％左右，流动参数Ａ与纯冰实验结果相近，未发现岩屑含量对冰的蠕变有明显影响。 相似文献
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天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川新近出现大的物质负平衡 总被引：21，自引：9，他引：12
以天山乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川１９９６／１９９７年度和１９９７／１９９８年度实测物质平衡资料为基础。利用等直线法计算出１号冰川年物质平衡分别为－８５３．０ｍｍ和－７８０．９ｍｍ,相庆的ＡＡＲ植分别为０．２５和０．３３自１９５９以来,１９９６／１９９７年度１号冰川物质负平衡值最大,１９９７／１９９８年度次之,根据该地区气温和降水记录资料分析,造成这 结果的主导因素是气温,尤其是夏季消融期气温,其次是降水 相似文献
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蒙贡—台加山的冰川及其变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
俄罗斯图瓦共和国境内的蒙贡－台加山是位于亚洲中心的一个独立的冰种作用中心，现代冰川共３６条，总面积２７．８ＫＭ＾２，主要受西风环流及地方性环流的降水补给，具有亚大陆型冰川的特征，小冰期最盛期以来，冰川面积减少４９．３％，近１５０年来，冰川面积和长度继续减少，末端及雪线高度升高，近３０年来，冰川退缩速度加快，冰川物质平衡有１０年左右的波动变化，目前处于负平衡状态，但１９９２－１９９３两条山谷冰川突然 相似文献
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天山奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川表面运动特征分析 总被引：14，自引：14，他引：14
奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川位于新疆奎屯市以南的天山依连哈比尔尕山北坡, 奎屯河上游支沟哈希勒根河源区. 1999年8月, 在该冰川上布设了用于冰川运动和冰川物质平衡观测研究的测杆18根, 并进行了冰川表面运动、冰川物质平衡和冰川末端变化的首次观测. 根据2000年8月和2001年8月的冰川运动观测资料, 分析了奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川的运动特征和冰舌末端的变化状况. 结果表明: 奎屯河51号冰川应属于亚大陆型冰川; 1999/2000年度和2000/2001年度的表面运动值不大, 最大流速点的年运动速度为3.15 ma-1; 运动速度垂直分量UZ的变化规律同乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川的变化规律相同, 即消融区的显出流作用和积累区的显入流作用. 该冰川的冰舌末端处于相对稳定的退缩状态, 1964-1999年间平均退缩量约为1.4 m*a-1, 而1999-2001年间的平均退缩量为5.0 m*a-1, 反映出冰川退缩增大的趋势. 相似文献
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天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川物质平衡过程研究 总被引：11，自引：10，他引：11
天山乌鲁木齐河源１号冰川１９５８－１９５９～１９９１－１９９２年度，以负物质平衡状态为主，累积负平衡量达８５１．９×１０４ｍ３，冰川平均亏损４５６２ｍｍ水层，与中亚山地冰川物质平衡的变化趋势相似，均是由夏季平均气温升高和年降水量减少引起的。分析１７ａ的物质平衡实测资料表明，净物质平衡与平衡线高度，以及平衡线高度与夏季平均气温和年降水量存在着密切关系，夏季平均气温变化１℃，平衡线高度变化１０２ｍ，年降水量变化１００ｍｍ，平衡线高度波动５８ｍ。 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川冰芯δ^18O记录的现代环境过程分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
据乌鲁木齐地区一个完整年周期的大气降水样品,１号冰川连续雪坑样品及浅冰芯样品的实测δ＾１８Ｏ资料,初步探讨冰芯δ＾１８Ｏ记录的形成过程的影响因素,以及δ＾１８Ｏ与气温之间的关系转变。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献