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介绍一种自行设计和加工的直接雾化石墨炉进样装置的结构、工作原理和操作方法。该装置由微机控制与石墨炉加热程序同步工作,可以实现自动控制和自动测量。对雾化进样石墨炉分析的仪器参数和实验条件进行了研究和选择。结果表明,该装置与石墨炉结合具有自动化程度高、重现性好、样品利用率高和分析速度快等特点。 相似文献
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固体悬浮液超声波混匀器是为石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定物料中痕量和超痕量无机成份而设计。均匀的悬浮液可手工进样,更适用于各种型号有自动进样装置的仪器。 1 悬浮液进样分析固体样品的优点 (1)悬浮液进样避免了使用强酸强碱分解过程中对人体和环境的毒害,减少了对待 相似文献
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化妆品样品中金属元素的分析一直存在着样品消解过程繁琐、易爆沸等问题,前处理过程不易控制,试剂消耗大,同时也易带入铅的空白污染;且现有化妆品中铅的含量远远低于国家标准规定的限量要求(＜40 mg/kg),火焰原子吸收光谱法无法准确检测.本文建立了悬浮进样-石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪直接测定化妆品中铅的方法.样品无需消解,采用0.2％硝酸和0.1％曲拉通X-100对样品进行悬浮后直接导入石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪进行测定.在石墨炉灰化过程中不使用常规的高纯氩气,而是使用具有氧化能力的干燥压缩空气,消除了单次分析超过50个样品时产生的碳残留,保证长期分析的稳定性;采用硝酸钯作为基体改进剂,钯能与铅形成铅钯金属互化物,非常稳定,显著提高了原子化温度;采用标准加入法消除基体干扰,保证分析数据的准确性.方法检出限为0.003 mg/kg,加标回收率为91.6％～106.8％,精密度为1.5％～2.1％(n=6).该方法应用于分析国家标准物质GBW (E) 090028(霜铅)和GBW(E)090027(粉铅),铅的测定值与标准值吻合;与国家标准方法的测定结果进行比较,无显著性差异.本方法的检出限低,可以满足化妆品中痕量铅的检测需求. 相似文献
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植物样品中无机元素分析的样品前处理方法和测定技术 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
植物样品中无机元素的分析测定在环境地球化学和生物地球化学的研究中起着重要作用。植物样品中元素含量一般较低,须选用科学合理的前处理技术和灵敏度高、精密度好、检出限低的测定方法。本文针对植物样品前处理方法和无机元素分析测定技术的研究进展、优势与不足进行评述。前处理方法主要根据样品和待测元素的性质进行选择:干法灰化所用试剂少、空白值低,但组织致密型的样品不易灰化完全、高温下易造成元素挥发损失;湿法消解样品消解较为完全,但试剂消耗大、空白值高、操作繁琐;微波消解可以防止部分易挥发元素损失,用酸量少、消解速度快,但称样量相对较小,不适于需要大称样量的样品分析。几乎所有针对元素分析的仪器分析技术都可以用于植物样品分析,主要根据仪器适用的元素、必要的干扰校正以及基体改进等方面进行选择:电感耦合等离子体质谱法可同时测定植物样品中40种以上的元素,高分辨质谱的检出限可达fg/mL;电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法适用于某些植物样品中含量较高的P、K、Na等元素的测定;原子吸收光谱法可分析元素达70余种,是普及程度最高的仪器分析技术之一;原子荧光光谱法与氢化物发生技术的联用,在元素含量较低的植物样品分析中技术优势更加明显;新兴的激光诱导击穿光谱技术已被应用于植物样品分析,无需复杂的样品前处理,操作简单快速,可实现原位、在线、实时、多元素同时检测;其他选择性强、灵敏度高的分析技术,满足了一些特定元素不能用常规分析技术测定的需求。当前主流分析技术的样品前处理方法都存在着缺陷,固体进样技术将成为植物样品分析领域的发展方向之一。 相似文献
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单波长原子吸收测汞仪热解法分析固体样品汞量新技术 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
单波长原子吸收测汞仪热解法分析固体样品汞量新技术卫敬生，郑康乐（浙江省第三地质大队，金华２１００１）（地矿部航遥中心，北京１０００８３）本项分析技术是使用单波长原子吸收测汞仪，采用固体进样，直接热解方法，测定固体样品中汞量。其分析精密度、准确度、速度... 相似文献
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本文初步探讨了采用超声波使固体样与溶剂形成均匀的固体悬浮液,直接进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定岩石矿物中痕量Ag。对18个国家级标准样品中Ag进行了测试,结果吻合。对含Ag3.2μg/g的GSD-11 标样测定10次,其相对标准偏差为3.06％,方法特征量为1.9pg/0.0044A,测定下限可达0.1ng/ml。 相似文献
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固体样品中He、Ar同位素的质谱测定 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
在现有设备的基础上，经多年实验，以空气Ｈｅ、Ａｒ同位素作标准样，采用同位素峰高比分析方法，在国内首次建立了一次进样完成固体样品中Ｈｅ、Ａｒ同位素的测量技术。文中就该项技术的要点，包括样品的前期处理、空气标准样的使用、仪器空白与灵敏度的测定、固体样品进样量的估算方法、测量条件等予以说明与分析。对应用该项技术获取的固体样品中Ｈｅ、Ａｒ同位素首批数据及其偏差，文中也进行了讨论。该项技术方法的建立，将为与惰性气体同位素相关的研究领域提供新的实验技术支撑，推动相关领域基础研究的开展和水平的提高 相似文献
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偏振能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定硫化物矿石中的铜铅锌 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
X射线荧光光谱法用于分析矿石主成分的常规制样方法有粉末压片法与玻璃熔融法,但分析硫含量高的地质样品时,前者存在矿物效应和粒度效应问题、后者可能腐蚀贵金属坩埚。为满足矿产勘查的需要,急需一种适应于硫化物矿石主成分分析的制样方法。本文建立了一种硝酸+氢氟酸封闭消解试样,标准溶液校准,偏振能量色散X射线荧光光谱(PE-EDXRF)同时测定硫化物样品中铜、铅、锌三种元素的分析方法。用GBW 07162~GBW 07168等7种矿石国家一级标准物质进行精密度和准确度实验。结果表明,当样品中铜、铅、锌元素含量大于1%时,几乎所有样品中的铜、铅、锌元素的精密度(RSD,n=6)优于5%,检测结果与标准值一致性良好。本方法通过样品消解、直接液体进样等技术的应用,消除了粒度效应和矿物效应等基体效应对分析结果的影响,解决了因缺乏基体匹配的标准物质而造成的含量校准的问题,使PE-EDXRF技术可以在硫化物矿石分析中得到比较方便的应用。这种分析方法为实验室矿石分析提供了新手段,也为野外现场PE-EDXRF分析高矿化度样品提供了新途径。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献