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生态地球化学土壤样品元素形态分析方法研究 总被引：19，自引：6，他引：19
对生态地球化学土壤样品,采用振荡提取法提取样品中离子交换态(包括水溶态)、碳酸盐结合态、腐殖酸结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、强有机质结合态(包括部分硫化物);采用等离子体发射光谱法测定其中Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Zn,原子荧光光谱法测定As、Hg、Sb、Se。方法的质量参数满足生态地球化学土壤样品评价形态分析的需要。 相似文献
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贵州遵义黑色岩系多金属层中铂族元素的赋存状态 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文运用逐级化学提取和重液分离,结合电感耦合等离子体质谱分析,研究了遵义地区黑色岩系多金属层中铂族元素的赋存状态及其沉淀富集规律。实验结果表明,铂族元素主要赋存于硫化物类矿物中,其中Pt和Pd的赋存形式有所不同,有一部分Pt还存在于粘土矿物中,Pd则除部分在粘土矿物中外,还可能有独立矿物存在。结合前人的研究,可以认为成矿溶液中铂族元素可呈不同形式的络合物迁移;粘土矿物、有机质及金属硫化物在PGE富集过程中起着地球化学障的作用。 相似文献
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Bulk Chemical Composition of the Ningqiang Carbonaceous Chondrite： An Issue of Classification 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WANG Guiqin LIN Yangting 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(1):141-147
The Ningqiang meteorite is a fall carbonaceous chondrite, containing various Ca-, Al-rich inclusions that usually escaped from secondary events such as high-temperature heating and low- temperature alteration. However, it has not yet been classified into any known chemical group. In order to address this issue, 41 elements of the bulk Ningqiang meteorite were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） and inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） in this study. The Allende （CV3） carbonaceous chondrite and the Jilin （H5） ordinary chondrite were also measured as references, and our analyses are consistent with the previous results. Rare earth and other refractory lithophile elements are depleted in Ningqiang relative to both Allende and mean CK chondrites. In addition, the REE pattern of Ningqiang is nearly flat, while that of Allende shows slight enrichment of LREE relative to HREE. Siderophile elements of Ningqiang are close to those of mean CK chondrites, but lower than those of Allende. Our new analyses indicate that Ningqiang cannot be classified into any known group of carbonaceous chondrites, consistent with previous reports. 相似文献
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矿物包裹体的化学成分研究在地质学、矿床学和油气勘探等方面具有重要意义。目前对包裹体化学成分分析的主要分析方法有激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)、电子探针(EPMA)、显微激光拉曼光谱(LRS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、质子诱发X射线光谱分析(PIXE)、同步辐射X射线荧光光谱(SXRF)和(传统的)二次离子质谱分析(SIMS)等。本文在对上述方法的分析特点进行简单介绍的基础上,重点阐述了对于矿床学样品表征具有广泛应用潜力的飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)的原理、特点和技术优势,总结了国内外学者应用TOF-SIMS对矿物包裹体化学成分分析的研究进展与存在问题,并做了相关领域的展望。 相似文献
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Recent Developments in Trace Element Analysis by ICP-AES and ICP-MS with Particular Reference to Geological and Environmental Samples 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Kathryn L. Linge 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2005,29(1):7-22
This review describes recent developments in trace element analysis using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It aims to focus on the application of ICP techniques to geological and environmental samples. Therefore, fundamental studies in ICP-MS and ICP-AES instrumentation have largely been ignored. Whereas the majority of literature reviewed related to ICP-MS, indicating that ICP-MS is now the preferred technique for all geological analysis, there is still a steady development of ICP-AES to environmental applications. It is clear that true flexibility in elemental analysis can only be achieved by combining the advantages of both ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Two particular groups of elements (long-lived radionuclide and the platinum-group elements) stood out as warranting dedicated sections describing analytical developments these areas. 相似文献
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Abstract: The gold content in siliceous deposits formed from geothermal waters at the Hatchobaru geothermal power station in central Kyushu, Japan, was determined by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). It ranges from 1.3 to 4.6 mg/kg. The highest gold content was obtained from the siliceous deposit formed from acidic waters. In this siliceous deposit, hydrous iron(III) oxide of amorphous state is a major constituent, suggesting that hydrous iron(III) oxide might play an important role when gold is concentrated into siliceous deposits formed from acidic and iron-rich geothermal waters. 相似文献
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S. B. Savvin N. P. Akhmet’eva A. V. Mikhailova V. N. Ermolaeva I. V. Podkolzin 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2013,448(1):64-66
Noticeable amounts of rare-earth elements were first detected in the peats of the earlier drained bogs of Moscow and Tver oblasts. The analysis was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on an ELAN DRC II instrument (PerkinElmer, United States). The contents of REEs in peat ash of certain deposits are higher than their average contents in the basic rocks and vary in the range of 0.5–60 and 0.1–41.3 mg/kg for the cerium and yttrium groups, respectively. 相似文献
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《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2005,86(2):104-118
Analyses by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and cold vapour atomic absorption (for Hg, CVAA) of a wide range of elements in some 300 surface water samples from the Salar de Uyuni and Salar de Coipasa catchments of the Bolivian Altiplano have been undertaken. Comparison of analyses of acidified aliquots of unfiltered sample water with water filtered at 0.45 μm reveals that the following elements are not affected significantly by filtration in this high-pH environment: B, Ca, Li, Mg, K, Si, Na, Sr, S. The following elements appear to experience significantly elevated concentrations in unfiltered samples, relative to filtered: Al, (As to a minor extent), Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, P, Ag, Tl, Ti, V. The effect appears to be related to the presence, and subsequent dissolution in acid preservative, of Fe-, Al-or Mn-oxyhydroxide flocs (or coatings on silicate particles) in unfiltered samples, and their retention or precipitation on filters. 相似文献
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本文利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS),对煤山D剖面包含二叠纪-三叠纪界线层的牙形石中色变指数(CAI)较低的部分进行微区原位微量元素分析,并与利用溶解法测定的相应的沉积碳酸盐岩围岩稀土元素(REE)的组成进行了对比,探讨了它们的稀土元素组成对环境变化响应的差异及其可能的原因.结果显示,无论是稀土总量ΣREE,还是Ce异常值,牙形石的微区原位REE信息比围岩更能反映出当时的环境变化.这表明牙形石化石比围岩对环境变化更加敏感,利用牙形石微区LA-ICPMS微量元素分析的方法是可靠的.同时,牙形石的Ce异常值还能对早三叠世的环境有较好的指示意义,为二叠纪与三叠纪之交大绝灭主幕开始到早三叠世环境的剧烈变化和长期缺氧环境提供了新的证据. 相似文献
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Jian Chen Guijian Liu Mengmeng JiangChen-Lin Chou Hui LiBin Wu Liugen ZhengDongdong Jiang 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,88(1):41-54
To study the geochemical characteristics of 11 environmentally sensitive trace elements in the coals of the Permian Period from the Huainan coalfield, Anhui province, China, borehole samples of 336 coals, two partings, and four roof and floor mudstones were collected from mineable coal seams. Major elements and selected trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HAAS). The depositional environment, abundances, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements were investigated. Results show that clay and carbonate minerals are the principal inorganic constituents in the coals. A lower deltaic plain, where fluvial channel systems developed successively, was the likely depositional environment of the Permian coals in the Huainan coalfield. All major elements have wider variation ranges than those of Chinese coals except for Mg and Fe. The contents of Cr, Co, Ni, and Se are higher than their averages for Chinese coals and world coals. Vertical variations of trace elements in different formations are not significant except for B and Ba. Certain roof and partings are distinctly higher in trace elements than underlying coal bench samples. The modes of occurrence of trace elements vary in different coal seams as a result of different coal-forming environments. Vanadium, Cr, and Th are associated with aluminosilicate minerals, Ba with carbonate minerals, and Cu, Zn, As, Se, and Pb mainly with sulfide minerals. 相似文献
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The determination of twelve rare-earth elements (REE), scandium, yttrium and hafnium in 32 geochemical reference materials by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is reported. Results obtained show good agreement with previously published values and compilations. The method is based on a lithium metaborate fusion of the sample followed by a cation exchange separation. A small amount of oxalic acid added to the 6N HNO3 eluant ensures the complete elution of hafnium with the other 14 elements. 相似文献
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西太平洋海山富钴结壳稀土元素(REE)组成原位LA-ICPMS测定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS)微区原位分析方法,对采自西太平洋海山具完整三层结构的富钴结壳样品进行了稀土元素(REE)含量测定,结果表明, 虽然均产于西太平洋海山且均具有明显的三层结构,富钴结壳化学组成受地理位置和沉积环境影响很大。绝大多数西太平洋富钴结壳具有高ΣREE、高LREE/HREE、δCe正异常和δEu基本无异常或微弱正异常的特点, 显示它们主要由正常海水沉积形成。结壳不同层圈之间REE组成有较大的区别, 其原因主要在于其形成环境和矿物组成不同。样品0327稀土元素总量(∑REE)由亮煤层到疏松层到外层逐渐升高,且亮煤层δCe和Y/Ho变化非常大,最大值分别为38.61和105.5,显示该层生长环境较为氧化且相对动荡,而样品0346中三层结构的∑REE都非常高,且变化趋势与0327正好相反,从亮煤层到致密层∑REE有降低的趋势。 亮煤层形成时海水相对较氧化的环境有利于铁锰氧化物的形成和Ce4+等稀土元素的吸附,导致其中ΣREE较疏松层和外层为高,而后期磷酸盐化导致REE元素的迁移和亏损。在结壳生长剖面上,由最外层到疏松层和亮煤层,δCe呈明显上升趋势,且变化范围趋大,说明该结壳所处的海水环境在由老至新的生长过程中由相对动荡和氧化变为相对平静和还原。 相似文献
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运用静水称重法、X射线粉晶衍射仪、傅立叶红外光谱仪、全岩化学分析、环境扫描电镜、激光剥蚀等离子质谱等测试手段,对老挝田黄石的矿物学特征进行了研究.结果表明,老挝田黄石含有多种高岭石族矿物,并以地开石为主.Fe3+为老挝田黄石呈黄色的致色离子.样品中高岭石族矿物颗粒直径为3~5μm,呈假六方片状,表面平整,呈三维堆垛或叠瓦状紧密排列.样品中矿物颗粒越小,结晶程度越好,自形程度越高,样品的透明度越高.微量元素分析可对老挝田黄石与田黄进行产地区分.老挝田黄石中Ga元素的质量分数高于田黄,而Co、Rb、Ni等元素的质量分数明显低于田黄.Co-Ga、Rb-Ga、Ni-Ga元素的投点图能较好区分老挝田黄石和田黄.老挝田黄石样品表现出轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的特征,且轻稀土元素的分馏明显. 相似文献
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Domenico Cicchella Lucia Giaccio Annamaria Lima Stefano Albanese Antonio Cosenza Diego Civitillo Benedetto De Vivo 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(12):5129-5143
The Sarno River basin area is one of the most polluted in Europe and it is due to the waste products of the tomato industry, the leather tanneries and the pharmaceutical industry. This area also has been densely populated and urbanized since the Middle Bronze Age, as testified by the presence of numerous archeological sites, including the ancient Pompeii town, and environmental degradation that characterizes the area is absolutely unacceptable. This paper represents a detailed study to assess the potentially harmful element content of topsoils. In total, 283 soil samples were collected and analyzed, after an aqua regia extraction, by a combination of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for 53 elements. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to show the single-element geochemical distribution and the distribution of factor scores of the elemental associations resulting from R-mode factor analysis. Maps showing elements and the association factor score distributions have been obtained using GeoDAS and ArcGIS software. The assessment of the soil contamination was also carried out using the contamination factor and degree of contamination. The results obtained indicate that soil pollution has different anthropogenic sources. Specifically, Cr pollution derives from tanneries discharging wastewaters in the main water bodies of the basin while Cu contamination seems to depend on widespread agricultural practices. Tin, Pb, Hg, Zn, Cd, Sb anomalies are found mainly in urban and industrial areas, sometimes close to roads with high traffic levels while there is a substantial coincidence with background values for other elements (Co, Ni, Se, Tl and V). 相似文献
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Analytical data of rare earth elements (REEs) are presented for six new standard rock samples (JB-2, JB-3, JR-1, JR-2, JA-1, and JGb-1) issued by the Geological Survey of Japan. These data have been simultaneously determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. 相似文献
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Synthesis and Preliminary Characterisation of New Silicate, Phosphate and Titanite Reference Glasses 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Stephan Klemme Stefan Prowatke Carsten Münker Charles W. Magee Yann Lahaye Thomas Zack Simone A. Kasemann E. Joan A. Cabato Benjamin Kaeser 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):39-54
Eleven synthetic silicate and phosphate glasses were prepared to serve as reference materials for in situ microanalysis of clinopyroxenes, apatite and titanite, and other phosphate and titanite phases. Analytical results using different micro-analytical techniques showed that the glass fragments were homogeneous in major and trace elements down to the micrometre scale. Trace element determinations using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), multi-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and secondary ionisation mass spectrometry (SIMS) showed good agreement for most elements (Li, Be, B, Cs, Rb, Ba, Sr, Ga, Pb, U, Th, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb) studied and provide provisional recommended values. 相似文献
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晋北-宁北煤中痕量元素的地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
应用仪器中子活化 (INAA)、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱 (ICP- AES)和原子吸收光谱 (AAS)等方法测定了晋北-宁北一线 5对矿井、 2个露天矿、 5个电厂和 3个洗煤厂煤中环境敏感性痕量元素的含量;通过与中国土壤、其他地区煤以及世界范围煤中痕量元素含量进行对比,总结了研究区痕量元素的分布、富集特征,得知部分地区煤中 Hg、 Cd和 Se的含量较高,在燃烧利用过程中可能对环境造成影响.通过分析痕量元素与灰分、挥发分的相关性以及痕量元素间、痕量元素与 Al、 Fe和 Sp的相关、聚类特性,探讨了痕量元素间及其与矿物质间的亲合性及赋存特征. 相似文献