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本文首先介绍了研制自动采水浮标的目的意义及其结构、工作原理、主要性能，其次通过几次试用条件及结果的讨论，说明这种自动采水浮标结构简单，操作方便，获取的资料可靠，是研究大风浪条件下悬沙运移的一种新型简易的理想仪器，最后根据实用情况提出了改进和完善的方向。 相似文献
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自动剖面浮标研究现状及展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
回顾了自动剖面浮标的发展历程,自动剖面浮标由Swollow提出的中性浮子发展而来,演变到现在的PROVOR型、APEX型、SOLO型等自动剖面浮标。文中介绍了Argo计划中几种主要的自动剖面浮标,其浮力调节原理主要是通过改变浮标在水中的排水体积实现自动沉浮,从而测量水的温度、盐度、深度等数据。对常规(2 000 m)和深海(2 000 m)自动剖面浮标进行比较,大部分深海自动剖面浮标耐压结构已经采用球形设计,浮标受压后变形小且可减轻浮标自重;单冲程柱塞泵改变为体积较小的液压泵,提供超高压的同时可以充分利用球体空间。目前,常规自动剖面浮标已广泛应用到海洋环境数据的调查、收集,而深海自动剖面浮标仍处于研发与试验阶段,面临诸多的技术挑战,对浮标的可靠性提出了更高的要求。 相似文献
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针对我国波浪发电的发展现状,介绍了“海蛇”波浪发电装置的发电原理,并应用OrcaFlex 软件建立了装置的水动力数值模型,研究了“海蛇”装置浮筒的水动力特性.根据“海蛇”装置的结构特点,通过对活塞运动的时程曲线进行傅里叶变换,给出此装置一级转化总势能计算的简易方法.另外,通过改变浮筒的直径和长度,以装置的效率/体积比作为衡量系统经济性的指标,研究浮筒几何参数对装置一级能量转化效率的影响.结果表明,装置一级能量转化效率随浮筒长度和直径增加而变大,进一步分析表明,适当增加浮筒长度比增大直径更具经济效益.装置的效率/体积比随着浮筒直径增加存在先增加后减少的拐点,这可以为“海蛇”的初始设计提供一定的理论依据. 相似文献
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The assumption that the East and North deck slopes of a pitch–roll buoy respond to East and North sea slopes as simple harmonic oscillators is routinely made by the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and others producing directional wave data. Although directional wave data derived with this assumption usually appear to be of good quality, the validity of the assumption has not previously been more directly demonstrated. In this paper, a method is proposed to judge the validity of the assumption for any set of time series records of buoy angular motion. The proposed method is applied to 200 record sets taken by an NDBC buoy located at ocean station 46024, and to five record sets taken by another NDBC buoy at 46051. For the 46024 data, it was demonstrated that the simple harmonic oscillator assumption was near perfectly valid. For the smaller 46051 data set, the simple harmonic oscillator assumption was shown to be slightly less valid. 相似文献
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An expedient piezoelectric coupled buoy energy harvester from ocean waves is developed. The harvester is made of several piezoelectric coupled cantilevers attached to a floating buoy structure, which can be easily suspended in the intermediate and deep ocean for energy harvesting. In the buoy structure, a slender cylindrical floater is attached on a large sinker. The energy harvesting process is realized by converting the transverse ocean wave energy to the electrical energy via the piezoelectric patches mounted on the cantilevers fixed on the buoy. A smart design of the buoy structure is developed to increase the energy harvesting efficiency by investigation of the effects of the sizes of the floater and the sinker. A numerical model is presented to calculate the generated electric power from buoy energy harvester. The research findings show that up to 24 W electric power can be generated by the proposed expedient buoy harvester with the length of the piezoelectric cantilevers of 1 m and the length of the buoy of 20 m. The technique proposed in this research can provide an expedient, feasible and stable energy supply from the floating buoy structure. 相似文献
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基于时序相关性分析方法的浮标异常数据识别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海洋生态浮标异常数据的实时早期监测识别是保证观测数据质量的关键。本研究通过对浙江沿海浮标多年数据的分析,发现了与传统跳变异常数据不同的渐变异常数据类型。该异常类型呈现出在时序变化过程中连续平稳,但随时间逐渐偏移,最后整体偏离正常的分布特征,并且单一参数的分析方法无法对此异常进行有效识别。因此本研究利用海洋环境参数中酸碱度(pH)、溶解氧(DO)和叶绿素(Chla)三者的多参数相关性规律,提出了在一定时序上两两参数间相关性是稳定甚至是一致的假设,将8 天时间窗口的两两相关系数(R8 d)和前后两天R8 d之差的绝对值(ΔR)作为相关性和稳定性核心指标,建立了基于相关性的渐变异常数据自动识别方法。为浮标传感器渐变异常的早期识别提供了一个新的思路,有助于提升海洋生态浮标异常数据的自动化监测能力。 相似文献
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A low-cost, expendable, helicopter-deployed, wave-riding buoy is described that has been developed to measure meteorological properties at sea. The buoy weighs 8.2 kg and is 1.3-m long and 8.9 cm in diameter in its stored configuration. After deployment, the buoy extends a 2.5-m sensor mast above the water and a 3.8-m ballasted keel below the water. Buoyancy is provided by an inflated air bladder. An airsonde electronics package that measures relative humidity, barometric pressure, and air temperature transmits the data via a UHF transmitter to a receiver on a helicopter. The received data are displayed and recorded in the helicopter. The buoy is considered simple to construct, uses off-the-shelf hardware, and requires very few, easily machined components 相似文献
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Yoshimi Kawai Hiroshi Kawamura Sumio Tanba Kentaro Ando Kunio Yoneyama Norio Nagahama 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(6):825-838
In order to investigate the validity of buoy-observed sea surface temperature (SST), we installed special instruments to measure
near-surface ocean temperature on the TRITON buoy moored at 2.07°N, 138.06°E from 2 to 13 March 2004, in addition to a standard
buoy sensor for the regular SST measurement at 1.5-m depth. Large diurnal SST variations were observed during this period,
and the variations of the temperatures at about 0.3-m depth could be approximately simulated by a one-dimensional numerical
model. However, there was a notable discrepancy between the buoy-observed 1.5-m-depth SST (SST1.5m) and the corresponding model-simulated temperature only during the daytime when the diurnal rise was large. The evaluation
of the heat balance in the sea surface layer showed that the diurnal rise of the SST1.5m in these cases could not be accounted for by solar heating alone. We examined the depth of the SST1.5m sensor and the near-surface temperature observed from a ship near the buoy, and came to the conclusion that the solar heating
of the buoy hull and/or a disturbance in the temperature field around the buoy hull would contribute to the excessive diurnal
rise of the SST1.5m observed with the TRITON buoy. However, the temperature around the hull was not sufficiently homogenized, as suggested in
a previous paper. For the diurnal rise of the SST1.5m exceeding 0.5 K, the daytime buoy data became doubtful, through dynamics that remain to be clarified. A simple formula is
proposed to correct the unexpected diurnal amplitude of the buoy SST1.5m. 相似文献
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Narumi Takahashi Yasuhisa Ishihara Hiroshi Ochi Tatsuya Fukuda Jun’ichiro Tahara Yosaku Maeda Motoyuki Kido Yusaku Ohta Katsuhiko Mutoh Gosei Hashimoto Satoshi Kogure Yoshiyuki Kaneda 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2014,35(3):243-253
We have developed a new system for real-time observation of tsunamis and crustal deformation using a seafloor pressure sensor, an array of seafloor transponders and a Precise Point Positioning (PPP ) system on a buoy. The seafloor pressure sensor and the PPP system detect tsunamis, and the pressure sensor and the transponder array measure crustal deformation. The system is designed to be capable of detecting tsunami and vertical crustal deformation of ±8 m with a resolution of less than 5 mm. A noteworthy innovation in our system is its resistance to disturbance by strong ocean currents. Seismogenic zones near Japan lie in areas of strong currents like the Kuroshio, which reaches speeds of approximately 5.5 kt (2.8 m/s) around the Nankai Trough. Our techniques include slack mooring and new acoustic transmission methods using double pulses for sending tsunami data. The slack ratio can be specified for the environment of the deployment location. We can adjust slack ratios, rope lengths, anchor weights and buoy sizes to control the ability of the buoy system to maintain freeboard. The measured pressure data is converted to time difference of a double pulse and this simple method is effective to save battery to transmit data. The time difference of the double pulse has error due to move of the buoy and fluctuation of the seawater environment. We set a wire-end station 1,000 m beneath the buoy to minimize the error. The crustal deformation data is measured by acoustic ranging between the buoy and six transponders on the seafloor. All pressure and crustal deformation data are sent to land station in real-time using iridium communication. 相似文献