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1.
塔河油田奥陶系天然气主要以烃类气体为主,甲烷占绝对优势,绝大部分天然气重烃含量较高,非烃气体以N2和CO2为主,含有一定量的H2S.塔河奥陶系天然气具有相同母质来源,为不同成熟度油型气的复合,二氧化碳气体为碳酸盐岩热变质作用产生.塔河奥陶系天然气的生成具有多阶连续的特征,既有反映成熟阶段的正常原油伴生气和较高成熟阶段的凝析油伴生气,又有反映高过成熟阶段的高温裂解气.主体区奥陶系天然气具有两期充注、两期混合的特征.早期充注的为典型原油伴生气,充注方向为从东南向西北,从东向西;晚期充注的为高温裂解气,充注方向为从东向西.还对两期主要天然气充注的范围进行了初步厘定. 相似文献
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Origin of natural gases and their differences between the eastern and western parts of central Tarim Basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The origin of natural gases in central Tarim Basin is very complicated and there has been no definite conclusion in this aspect. Based on the results of systematic research on their composition and carbon isotopic characteristics, natural gases in central Tarim Basin are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gas, Ordovician natural gas with the characteristics of crude oil-cracking gas, and Carboniferous natural gas not only originating from kerogen cracking, but also from oil cracking. There are significant differences in composition and carbon isotope of natural gases between the eastern and western areas. The causes for the differences in geochemical characteristics of natural gases are presented as follows: different thermal evolution degrees of organic matter. Natural gases in the western region may have generated from the Middle- Upper Ordovician source rocks, and natural gases in the eatern region may be derived from the Cambrian source rocks, which entered into high to over mature stages; the gases migrated from west to east and caused the different compositional and carbon isotopic characteristics of natural gases; difference in the strength of thermal sulfate reduction between the eastern and western parts, with the reduction in the eastern part being stronger than that in the western part. 相似文献
3.
Wenzhi Zhao Shuichang Zhang Feiyu Wang Jianping Chen Zhongyao Xiao Fuqing Song 《Organic Geochemistry》2005,36(12):1602-1616
Oil and gas exploration in eastern Tarim Basin, NW China has been successful in recent years, with several commercial gas accumulations being discovered in a thermally mature to over-mature region. The Yingnan2 (YN2) gas field, situated in the Yingnan structure of the Yingjisu Depression, produces gases that are relatively enriched in nitrogen and C2+ alkanes. The δ13C1 (−38.6‰ to −36.2‰) and δ13C2 values (−30.9‰ to −34.7‰) of these gases are characteristic of marine sourced gases with relatively high maturity levels. The distributions of biomarkers in the associated condensates suggest close affinities with the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician source rocks which, in the Yingjisu Sag, are currently over-mature (with 3–4%Ro). Burial and thermal maturity modeling results indicate that paleo-temperatures of the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician source rocks had increased from 90 to 210 °C during the late Caledonian orogeny (458–438 Ma), due to rapid subsidence and sediment loading. By the end of Ordovician, hydrocarbon potential in these source rocks had been largely exhausted. The homogenization temperatures of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions identified from the Jurassic reservoirs of the YN2 gas field suggest a hydrocarbon emplacement time as recent as about 10 Ma, when the maturity levels of Middle–Lower Jurassic source rocks in the study area were too low (<0.7%Ro) to form a large quantity of oil and gas. The presence of abundant diamondoid hydrocarbons in the associated condensates and the relatively heavy isotopic values of the oils indicate that the gases were derived from thermal cracking of early-formed oils. Estimation from the stable carbon isotope ratios of gaseous alkanes suggests that the gases may have been formed at temperatures well above 190 °C. Thus, the oil and gas accumulation history in the study area can be reconstructed as follows: (1) during the late Caledonian orogeny, the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician marine source rocks had gone through the peak oil, wet gas and dry gas generation stages, with the generated oil and gas migrating upwards along faults and fractures to form early oil and gas accumulations in the Middle–Upper Ordovician and Silurian sandstone reservoirs; (2) since the late Yanshanian orogeny, the early oil accumulations have been buried deeper and oil has undergone thermal cracking to form gas; (3) during the late Himalayan orogeny, the seals for the deep reservoirs were breached; and the gas and condensates migrated upward and eventually accumulating in the relatively shallow Jurassic reservoirs. 相似文献
4.
Some Ordovician and Triassic oils in Block 9 are characterized by light oils,which have distinctly differentiated from heavy oils in other blocks in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin.Based on the whole oil gas chroma- tograms,this paper estimates the effect of oil migration and fractionation and the amount of depletion(Q)in terms of the n-alkanes depletion model.The results showed that the amount of depletion in the Ordovician reservoir is highest in the east of this block,e.g.the depletion is 97% in Well T904.The amount of Q gets lower to the west,e.g.the depletion is 53.4%in Well T115 and there is no sign of depletion in Well S69.It is suggested that the direction of gas washing is from the east to the west.The compositions and isotopic characteristics of associated gas in Ordovician oils indicated that the gas might be derived from Cambrian source rocks of the Caohu Depression which lies to the east of Block 9.In contrast,no obvious depletion of n-alkanes in Triassic oils was found,suggesting that the migration pathway of natural gas has been limited to the Ordovician karst fracture system formed in the Early Hercynian Orogeny.Different depletions of the Ordovician and Triassic oils can reveal fault activities in this region. 相似文献
5.
Going deep has been the strategy for the sustainable development of the Tahe Oilfield.Following the TS1 well in block 1,which revealed excellent combinations of hydrocarbon generation,migration and accumulation in the deeper parts of the Tarim Basin,the TS2 well was drilled to learn more about the prospectivity in the deeper parts of the main blocks of the Tahe Oilfield.Seventeen core samples were collected to perform fluid inclusion studies,including petrography,fluorescence microspectrometry,and microthermometry.The results show that the deeper parts of the Tahe Oilfield have a good hydrocarbon potential.The Cambrian source rocks can supply sufficient oil for not only the Cambrian reservoirs,but also for the Lower Ordovician reservoirs.The CambrianOrdovician carbonates reservoirs experienced at least three oil charging events and one late gas charging event.Oil accumulations formed in the early stage of basin evolution were likely destroyed in the late stage with deep burial,tectonic movements,or invasion of hydrothermal fluids.Therefore,the deep hydrocarbon exploration of the Tahe Oilfield,even the whole Tarim Basin,should focus on gas accumulations,although oil accumulations,especially in Cambrian reservoirs,cannot be neglected. 相似文献
6.
塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
塔里木盆地北部地区奥陶系是最重要的勘探层系,油气资源丰富;同时油气相态复杂多样,既有凝析气藏、正常油藏,也有稠油油藏、沥青等。通过对油气藏形成演化与保存过程的系统分析,结合油气地球化学和流体包裹体等分析数据,发现油气相态的多样性与油气多期次充注与次生蚀变作用有关。提出塔北隆起的东部奥陶系存在三期油气充注过程,分别发生在加里东运动晚期-海西早期、海西运动晚期、喜马拉雅运动晚期,原油主要来源于中、上奥陶统烃源岩,天然气主要来自与寒武系烃源岩有关的液态烃的裂解;塔北隆起的中西部奥陶系的油气充注主要发生在海西运动晚期。塔北奥陶系油藏形成以后,经历了三期明显的调整改造过程:海西早期构造抬升导致志留-泥盆系遭受剥蚀,东部源自寒武系油气的古油藏遭受破坏,形成沥青;三叠系沉积前的晚海西运动,使得奥陶系生源的油藏大范围遭受降解稠化;晚喜山期,来自于满加尔坳陷的天然气自东向西充注,致使隆起东部早期形成的油藏发生强烈的气侵改造,形成次生凝析气藏。而中西部奥陶系油藏在三叠系沉积前遭受降解稠化后,一直处于沉降深埋过程,油藏得到有效保存;由于成藏时间较早,轻质组分散失较多,气油比极低,油质较稠。研究认为,油气相态的多样性主要受晚海西期构造运动的抬升造成的生物降解作用和喜马拉雅晚期构造运动造成的天然气自东向西大规模充注对油藏进行气洗改造两大过程的控制。 相似文献
7.
鄂尔多斯盆地海相碳酸盐岩层系天然气成藏研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
鄂尔多斯盆地两套优质烃源岩,即上奥陶统背锅山组泥灰岩和中奥陶统平凉组中下部页岩,是海相碳酸盐岩层系古油藏原油和现今靖边气田油型气的主要来源。两套优质烃源岩主要分布在盆地的西部和西南部,呈"L"型展布,盆地内部缺失;它们累计厚度约50~350m。平凉泥岩TOC介于0.5%~1.2%,平均0.9%,厚度20~50m,而灰岩TOC主要分布在0.2%~0.4%区间,平均0.3%。背锅山组泥岩有机碳相对较高,TOC介于0.22%~3.3%,平均为0.93%。三叠纪末期,两套优质烃源岩生成的大量液态烃类进入中央古隆起控制的斜坡部位,形成古油藏;侏罗纪-早白垩世,地层持续加深和地温梯度升高,烃源岩热演化程度达到高-过成熟阶段,古油藏温度超过180℃,原油开始热裂解生成天然气。油气的热裂解导致气藏压力不断增大,驱使部分气体进一步扩散运移。晚白垩世燕山运动IV幕,盆地东部大规模持续挤压抬升导致了原有油气藏经历了西高东低转变为东高西低的构造反转,形成构造枢纽。中央隆起带聚集油气的优势被改造,裂解形成的天然气向东或东北方向运移。但是运移过程中,东部盐岩、膏盐、致密碳酸盐岩侧向封堵。在靖边气田中心部位,由于奥陶系顶部缺失石炭系铁铝土岩封盖,使得部分石炭-二叠系生成的天然气沿着不整合面进入风化壳,形成从奥陶系来源的原油裂解气与石炭-二叠系生成的煤型气相混合。 相似文献
8.
塔里木盆地北部塔河油田原油分子地球化学特征及成因类型划分 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
GC、GC-MS、GC-MS-MS分析表明,塔河17区块各油藏原油饱和烃、芳烃生物标志物组成和稳定碳同位素特征具有同源性,即塔河原油来自相同的烃源灶（或烃源层）。然而,对原油物性特征、成熟度特征、生物降解特征及原油馏分碳同位素组成等的深入研究发现,塔河原油属于早、晚两次充注成藏:早期充注为一般成熟型原油,相当于Ro值0.70%0.80%成熟阶段的生排烃产物,遭受生物降解后具有重、稠油特征,主要分布在4、6、7区下奥陶统储层中;晚期成藏原油相当于Ro值0.80%1.00%的高成熟阶段的生烃产物,表现为正常油、甚至轻质油或凝析油,在塔河油田广泛分布,并可以与早期充注油藏原油的生物降解残留成分进行充分混合,呈现复杂的地球化学特征。 相似文献
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11.
塔河油田十二区奥陶系油藏为碳酸盐岩岩溶缝洞型油藏,油气水分布规律复杂。对原油的物理性质、平面及纵向上的分布特征、油水界面等的分析表明,区内主要为高黏度、含蜡、高含硫的超重质原油。平面上密度分布呈西部和东部低、中部高的特点;纵向上原油密度与深度关系不大。高产油区多沿主断裂带分布。油水界面不统一,但从东向西随中奥陶统顶面的降低而降低。认为该区油气分布不受现今构造位置高低的控制,而是受区域构造背景、断裂带的分布、储集层的发育程度、成藏演化过程以及不整合面等因素综合控制。 相似文献
12.
塔里木盆地东部地区天然气地球化学特征及成因探讨(之一) 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
塔里木盆地是世界上勘探程度较低的大型盆地之一。近年来在该盆地中进行了大规模的油气勘探,发现了一系列的油、气田,其油、气资源量近似1∶1,说明在该盆地中天然气资源非常丰富。该盆地已发现的天然气主要分布在塔里木盆地东部地区的塔北隆起、塔中隆起和库车拗陷。天然气主要与凝析油及原油伴生。该盆地天然气组分分析表明,已发现的天然气藏绝大多数烃类气体含量大于65%;非烃气体CO2含量小于5%,N2含量小于10%。一些天然气中N2含量达25%到35%。在塔北隆起油气藏中天然气的干湿指数(C1/C2+比值)具有从东到西降低的趋势,天然气中N2含量具有从东到西升高的趋势,天然气甲烷的碳同位素组成也具有由东到西变轻的趋势,结合该区的地质背景可知造成这一趋势的主要因素可能是由于该区下古生界烃源岩热演化程度具有东高西低的特征。 相似文献
13.
华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层S-Se同位素体系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了进一步理解华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层的物质来源及形成环境,文中分析了遵义中南村和张家界后坪两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层及其围岩的黄铁矿硫同位素和全岩的硒同位素组成。硫同位素组成显示两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层形成时的环境存在区域性差别,中南村矿层形成于间歇开放的海洋环境,而后坪矿层形成于封闭的缺氧（静海）环境。较大的硫同位素范围暗示硫酸盐还原菌控制硫同位素的分馏,而热液流体可能提供了大量金属元素,从而导致矿层富集大量的硫化物和稀有金属。硒同位素组成指示牛蹄塘组底部热液流体的Se可能重新经历了氧化还原循环,而Se的富集过程可能受有机质和粘土矿物吸附或类质同象过程控制。因此,控制多金属富集的因素主要为富集金属的热液流体的参与和缺氧环境下的自生沉积。 相似文献
14.
Dhaou AKROUT Hassène AFFOURI Riadh AHMADI Eric MERCIER Mabrouk MONTACER 《Resource Geology》2011,61(3):270-280
This paper presents geochemical analysis of drilled cutting samples from the OMZ‐2 oil well located in southern Tunisia. A total of 35 drill‐cutting samples were analyzed for Rock‐Eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC), bitumens extraction and liquid chromatography. Most of the Ordovician, Silurian and Triassic samples contained high TOC contents, ranging from 1.00 to 4.75% with an average value of 2.07%. The amount of hydrocarbon yield (pyrolysable hydrocarbon: S2b) expelled during pyrolysis indicates a good generative potential of the source rocks. The plot of TOC versus S2b, indicates a good to very good generative potential for organic matter in the Ordovician, Silurian and Lower Triassic. However, the Upper Triassic and the Lower Jurassic samples indicate fair to good generative potential. From the Vankrevelen diagram, the organic matter in the Ordovician, Silurian and Lower Triassic samples is mainly of type II kerogen and the organic matter from the Upper Triassic and the Lower Jurassic is dominantly type III kerogen with minor contributions from Type I. The thermal maturity of the organic matter in the analyzed samples is also evaluated based on the Tmax of the S2b peak. The Ordovician and Lower Silurian formations are thermally matured. The Upper Silurian and Triassic deposits are early matured to matured. However, Jurassic formations are low in thermal maturity. The total bitumen extracts increase with depth from the interval 1800–3000 m. This enrichment indicates that the trapping in situ in the source rocks and relatively short distance vertical migration can be envisaged in the overlying reservoirs. During the vertical migration from source rocks to the reservoirs, these hydrocarbons are probably affected by natural choromatography and in lower proportion by biodegradation. 相似文献
15.
ZHU Guangyou WANG Zhengjun WANG Yongjun ZHAO Jie DONG Yuexi WANG Kai LIU Yongchang WANG Jianwei 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(4):1081-1096
Natural gas exploration in Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin, has achieved breakthroughs in recent years, and a number of natural gas and condensate wells with high yield have been found in several structures in the beach area. Daily gas production of single wells is up to 170,000 m3, and high-yield wells are mainly distributed in?the Nanpu No. 1 structural belt.?Studies have shown that these natural gases are mainly hydrocarbon gases, with methane content about 80% to 90% and ethane 6%-9%, so they are mainly wet gas; and non-hydrocarbons are at a low level.?Carbon isotopes of methane range from -42‰ to -36‰, and ethane from -28‰ to -26‰. Calculated maturity based on the relationship between δ13C and Ro of natural gas, the gases are equivalent to those generated from organic matter when Ro is 1.0%-1.7% (mainly 1.25%-1.32%). The natural gas is oil-type gas generated from the source rocks at mature to high mature stage, associated with condensate, so carbon isotopes of the gases are heavier. Natural gas in the Nanpu No.1 structural belt is mainly associated gas with condensate. The analysis of the origin and source of natural gas and condensate, combined with the monomer hydrocarbon carbon isotopes and biomarker, indicated that the main source rocks in the Nanpu No.1 structural belt were Es3 (the lower member of the Shahejie Formation), followed by Es1 (the upper member of the Shahejie Formation).?The high-mature hydrocarbons from source rocks in the deep sag mainly migrated through deep inherited faults into shallow traps and accumulated to form oil and gas pools. Therefore, there is a great potential for exploring gas in deep layers. 相似文献
16.
轮南地区油气相态分布非常复杂,奥陶系油气藏平面上具有西油东气的特点。西部轮古西油田、塔河油田和轮南1井区油族成熟度略低且有生物降解痕迹,主要以重油形式分布;东部地区油族成熟度略高,主要以轻质油、凝析油形式存在;中间地段桑塔木断垒带、中部平台区和轮南断垒带发生混合作用形成了中一高蜡油。各地区油气在垂向上变化很大,东部地区奥陶系和石炭系为凝析油气,三叠系又为正常油分布区;西部地区奥陶系为稠油,三叠系为正常油。轮南地区奥陶系在纵向上可能受控于岩溶和储层的发育程度,横向上受控于断裂作用。轮南地区油气成藏时间较早,不同物性的原油都是古油藏多期供油的结果。 相似文献
17.
四川盆地深层海相碳酸盐岩气藏成藏模式 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
四川盆地深层碳酸盐岩气藏主要指中三叠统雷口坡组及更老层位海相碳酸盐岩为储层形成的气藏,一般(曾)埋深在4500m之下,按类型可分为原生气藏(生气中心、储气中心和保气中心位于同一层位内)和次生气藏(生气中心、储气中心与保气中心位于不同层位)2类。原生气藏储层内含有大量沥青, 天然气主要为原油裂解气。次生气藏储层内不含沥青, 但天然气仍然主要为原油裂解气。原生气藏的成藏模式有三中心叠合模式、储气中心解体模式、三中心短距离移位模式和缺乏保气中心模式。次生气藏的成藏模式主要以天然气跨层运移为主要特征, 其气源来自于先存的天然气藏。三中心叠合模式的原油裂解气成藏效率最高,储气中心解体模式的原油裂解气成藏效率中等,三中心短距离移位模式和次生气藏形成模式的原油裂解气成藏效率较低,保气中心缺乏模式的原油裂解气成藏效率为零。因此,在勘探策略上应重视三中心叠合和储气中心解体模式形成的原生气藏的勘探,同时应关注由震旦系灯影组古气藏(储气中心)破坏而形成的下古生界次生气藏。 相似文献
18.
Shuichang Zhang Jin Su Xiaomei Wang Guangyou Zhu Haijun YangKeyu Liu Zhenxi Li 《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(11):1394-1410
The Lunnan Lower Uplift in the Tarim Basin, NW China contains a composite petroleum system with mainly biodegraded heavy oil in the west, normal oil in the center and gas condensate in the east. Twenty-three gas samples and 37 oil samples taken from three major hydrocarbon bearing intervals in the Lunnan lower bulge were analyzed for their stable carbon isotopes and molecular biomarkers. On the basis of their isotopic compositions, biomarkers, especially diamondoids, and integrating the physical properties of the hydrocarbons including densities, GOR and PVT relationships, it has been concluded that the recently discovered deep (6500 m) eastern Lungu giant Ordovician gas condensate pool with an estimated reserve of 723 million bbl oil equivalent is a secondary hydrocarbon accumulation derived from the mixing of an early formed oil and a late formed gas. The extremely dry gases with a gas dryness of >0.98 were derived from thermal cracking of crude oils and charged to an existing oil reservoir causing extensive gas washing and secondary alteration. Compared with most of the hydrocarbons in the Lunnan area, the gas from the eastern Lungu gas condensate pool has a heavier carbon isotopic composition, higher dryness and a higher maturity level. The unique physical, chemical and isotopic compositions of the gas condensate are believed to be a direct result of gas flushing of an early formed eastern Lungu oil pool by a late formed dry gas from oil cracking. The eastern Lungu gas condensate pool is presently characterized by containing “dry gas, heavy oil, abundant aromatics and high wax”. 相似文献
19.
祁连山冻土区含天然气水合物层段岩心热模拟实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以热模拟实验为手段,对祁连山冻土区DK-2和DK-3孔含天然气水合物层段岩心(泥岩、油页岩和煤)热模拟烃类气体的组分、碳同位素组成与天然气水合物进行对比,以探寻这些气源岩与天然气水合物气源之间的可能联系。实验结果显示：低温(300 ℃以下)条件下,产生的气体以非烃CO2为主,烃类气体含量少,且泥岩产生烃类气体量<油页岩产生烃类气体量<煤产生烃类气体量,表现出不同岩石吸附气体的差异性特征;随着热模拟温度增加,产生的烃类气体量明显增加,至500 ℃时达到最高,相反CO2产气量变化不大;随热模拟温度增加,泥岩、油页岩、煤所产生烃类气体的碳同位素值呈现先变轻后变重的演化趋势和δ13C1 ＜δ13C2＜δ13C3的正碳同位素序列特征;泥岩在350~400 ℃条件下或油页岩在380~400 ℃条件下所产生的烃类气体在组成和同位素特征上与天然气水合物中烃类气体较为相似,推测天然气水合物气源与深部泥岩或油页岩具有地球化学成生联系,相反煤产生的烃类气体虽然在组成上与天然气水合物中烃类气体较为相近,但两者同位素值相差较远,推测煤与天然气水合物气源关系不大。 相似文献
20.
Shisanjianfang Area in the eastern margin of Taibei Sag, Tuha Basin, is an important region for oil and gas exploration. In this study, a large number of source rock geochemical data were used to analyze the geochemical characteristics of coal-measure source rocks in the Shisanjianfang Area, Tuha Basin, from three aspects, i.e., organic matter abundance, organic matter type, and organic maturity. The results show that the Jurassic Xishanyao Formation (J2x) in the study area has great thickness, continuous distribution, and high source rock maturity, and is the major source rock horizon in the study area. The seismic data are used in combination with 1D and 2D basin simulation technology to study the distribution characteristics of the source rocks in Shisanjianfang Area. The results of the simulation research on the source rock maturity history in the study area indicate the following: (1) The source rocks in the Xishanyao Formation (J2x) have a hydrocarbon generation threshold depth of 1800 m, threshold temperature of 95 °C, and hydrocarbon generation threshold time of about 162 Ma. (2) The Xishanyao Formation (J2x) has a current formation temperature of 50~110 °C and Ro of 0.6~1.1 % in the peak oil generation stage. (3) The source rock maturity in the study area is shown as being higher in the west while lower in the east, and higher in the north while lower in the south, and the favorable exploration area mainly lies in the northwest of the study area. The results of this study could have important implications for the oil and gas exploration in the margins of Xiaocaohu Sag, Tuha Basin. 相似文献