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1.
塔里木盆地位于中国西北新疆维吾尔自治区南部,夹持在天山与昆仑山褶皱带和阿尔金山之间,是一个长期发展形成的大型叠合盆地.在综合研究前人资料的基础上,通过对塔里木地区岩石地层、沉积建造的对比分析,划分出塔里木新元古代-古生代的被动陆缘、夭折裂谷、碳酸盐岩台地、碎屑岩陆表海、残余海盆、混积陆表海、陆内裂陷盆地、前陆盆地共8种沉积盆地类型,并分析盆地形成演化的大地构造环境:新元古代早期,塔里木进入稳定的盖层发展阶段;青白口纪发育裂谷和被动陆缘,南华纪-早震旦世发育夭折裂谷和大陆冰川;古生代主要发育碳酸盐岩台地、碎屑岩陆表海和混积陆表海;受北侧哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块碰撞的影响,南天山石炭纪洋盆于晚石炭世-早二叠世末俯冲消减;中二叠世始,塔里木大部分演变为前陆盆地. 相似文献
2.
上扬子克拉通北部晚古生代-中三叠世的沉积盆地是在勉-略洋盆南侧发展起来的被动大陆边缘盆地, 在泥盆纪-中二叠世以稳定沉降为主, 向北以碳酸盐岩缓坡与台地向勉略洋盆过渡; 中二叠世末期受峨眉地裂运动影响形成隆坳相间的格局; 早-中三叠世构造体制由伸展变为挤压, 沉积建造由开阔海碳酸盐岩台地逐渐向半局限台地、半封闭海湾膏盐湖相以及陆相碎屑岩含煤岩系过渡.该陆缘盆地经历了晚三叠世上扬子北缘前陆盆地、中侏罗世-早白垩世川西、川北前陆盆地, 以及晚白垩世至今构造残留盆地的改造.其中, 晚三叠世须三-须六期上扬子北缘前陆盆地的前缘隆起大致沿汶川、剑阁和万源一线分布.热年代学分析结果表明, 汶川、剑阁和万源一线以南的上二叠统烃源岩在早中生代始终处于埋藏增温状态, 只是自晚白垩世才进入抬升降温阶段, 呈"同代"烃源岩的特征; 而汶川、剑阁和万源一线以北的龙门山、米仓山和大巴山山前冲断地区, 上二叠统烃源岩则围绕生烃窗经历了多次增温和降温过程, 热演化历史复杂, 呈"隔代"烃源岩的特征.因此, 对于上扬子克拉通北部晚古生代-中三叠世陆缘盆地的勘探, 汶川、剑阁和万源一线以南比其北侧更有利. 相似文献
3.
在华北陆块区进行构造-地层区划的基础上,对华北陆块中元古代-新元古代、早古生代、晚古生代、三叠纪-早侏罗世、中侏罗世-白垩纪5个大地构造阶段不同构造-地层区内的沉积盆地类型、充填序列和时空演化过程进行了分析、讨论.中-新元古代是华北周缘裂谷发育期.寒武纪-早、中奥陶世,华北广泛发生沉降并接受海侵,形成几乎广布全华北的碳酸盐岩台地.晚奥陶世-泥盆纪,华北整体抬升,遭受剥蚀,沉积缺失.石炭纪-二叠纪,华北陆块再次发生沉降并接受海侵,形成广阔的陆表海海陆交互相沉积,至晚二叠世华北陆块进入陆相盆地发展阶段.中生代,华北陆块陆内构造运动活跃,普遍形成与火山活动相伴的断陷盆地、坳陷盆地和拉分盆地. 相似文献
4.
早震旦世是中国各主要板块普遍发育海相沉积的开始,是目前被证实是最早的有效海相烃源岩的发育时期。该时期是中国各主要陆块处于新一轮洋盆扩张、板块离散、海水进侵旋回的初始期,总体的构造沉积格局呈“多岛洋”。陆块的固结年龄、规模和稳定性在很大程度上控制着三大准地台及其周边的古地理面貌和岩相组合。华北准地台的基底固结年龄最早,规模最大,稳定性最好,因此在早震旦世以大面积古陆为主,在台地边缘以浅海滨岸相碎屑岩为主,浅水碳酸盐台地相和深水斜坡相不发育。塔里木准地台在早震旦世以海陆并存为特征,在塔北、塔中存在古陆剥蚀区,向外以浅海滨岸相碎屑岩和斜坡盆地相混合沉积为特色。扬子准地台在康滇地区存在古陆,其余地区基本为海水所侵没,发育台地斜坡盆地的完整相序。这种构造沉积格局具有长期的继承性影响,主要表现在：（1）在早古生代早期的洋盆扩张海侵旋回,扬子和塔里木比华北更发育被动陆缘斜坡盆地相烃源岩;（2）在早古生代晚期的洋盆关闭海退旋回,华北最先经历海退,而扬子和塔里木仍在一定时间内保持海相沉积,甚至在准地台内部发育较深水烃源岩相。 相似文献
5.
西藏措勤盆地古生界—中生界岩相古地理演化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
措勤盆地早古生代岩相古地理分为晚奥陶世一早志留世和中一晚志留世两个陆表海演化时期；晚古生代分为泥盆纪一早石炭世缓坡一台地、晚石炭一早二叠世北部冰海裂谷南部残留海孤合、晚二叠世萎缩二三个演化阶段；中生代呈现三叠纪一侏罗纪南陆北海、晚侏罗世一白垩纪末活动边缘下的两个沉积盆地夹持一个（隆升）暴露岩浆孤格局。早一晚石炭世之交是本区古地理分异的重要时期：之前属于陆表海，中部深，东部浅，盆地中心和沉积中心各仅有一处，海水侵浸方向由西向东；之后，沉积体系复杂，盆地中心和沉积中心多个，古海水侵浸主要源自北部的班公一怒江缝合带。 相似文献
6.
将武夷-云开地层大区分为5个地层区,通过综合分析前人对该地区中生代岩石地层、生物地层、同位素年代学及构造等研究,对研究区中生代沉积盆地类型进行划分,并探讨该区沉积盆地-大地构造演化史.研究区中生代共经历了3个重要演化阶段:早-中三叠世,该区地壳抬升,海平面总体下降,海水向西-西南方向逐渐退出,形成混积陆表海;晚三叠世-早侏罗世,该区发生海侵,形成海陆交互陆表海;中侏罗世-白垩纪,由于受古太平洋板块西北低俯冲的影响,台湾地区形成了一系列俯冲增生杂岩带,内陆地区以政和-大浦断裂为界,西部发育(火山)断陷盆地;东部发育弧内裂陷盆地,晚期形成断陷盆地. 相似文献
7.
南天山位于塔里木—卡拉库姆板块和伊犁-哈萨克斯坦板块的碰撞造山带.前人研究表明, 该区在古生代经历了洋盆的扩张、俯冲消减和碰撞造山; 中生代则进入到陆内发展阶段.但由于该区特殊的地理位置和复杂的构造背景, 洋盆的闭合时间及盆地演化的阶段依然存在诸多争论.在广泛收集地质资料的基础上, 对我国境内南天山地层大区进行了地层分区, 并对每个分区的古生代-中生代盆地沉积序列进行了详细分析, 最终划分出5个演化阶段: 寒武纪-奥陶纪, 南天山洋从有限洋盆发展为成熟洋盆, 洋盆性质为弧后盆地; 早志留世, 南天山洋盆开始俯冲消减, 东部红柳河段洋盆在早泥盆世闭合, 而西部的俯冲消减则延续至泥盆纪晚期; 石炭纪-早二叠世, 西部仍存在残余海盆.中二叠世, 残余海盆消失, 南天山西部碰撞造山, 南天山造山带最终形成; 中生代, 该区进入陆内发展阶段, 在三叠纪接受剥蚀夷平; 侏罗纪, 西部发展成为断陷盆地, 东部继续接受剥蚀夷平; 白垩纪, 西部延续侏罗纪断陷盆地特征, 东部则发育成拉分盆地. 关键字: 南天山; 古生代; 中生代; 沉积; 构造; 盆地演化. 相似文献
8.
南盘江坳陷隆林孤立碳酸盐台地在中泥盆世至晚二叠世的大部分时间内属于四周被深水海槽围绕的、受南盘江海演化拉张断裂而形成的一个孤立碳酸盐台地环境(其中早石炭世晚期-晚石炭世为连陆台地阶段)。通过对隆林地区晚古生代野外地层踏勘成果表明,孤台-台间海槽相区共识别出碳酸盐潮坪、台地边缘浅滩、台地边缘礁、台缘斜坡、台棚及台盆相等6种沉积相类型,并建立了其独具特色的孤立台地沉积模式。研究表明,它的演化经历了边缘碳酸盐台地(D1-D2)、孤立碳酸盐台地(D3-C11)、连陆台地(C12-C2)、孤立-淹没碳酸盐台地(P)4个发展阶段,反映了南盘江盆地在晚古生代强烈扩张、沉降,扬子地台边缘拉伸、破裂,微地块向盆地滑移的构造背景。 相似文献
9.
十万山盆地位于广西西南部，大地构造位置属于华南板块的西北缘，是在华南板块与杨子板块拼接的加里东运动之后，早古生代华南洋再一次打开形成被动大陆边缘。晚二叠世末，该地区变成孤后盆地，进一步转化成前陆盆地。在盆山转换过程中，经历了三次沉积－构造盆山转换过程：泥盆纪－二早叠世分地新生与被动大陆边缘拉张裂谷；晚二叠世与中三叠世间盆地构造性质转换与前陆盆地；晚三叠世至侏罗纪的晚期前陆磨拉石沉积。在碎屑岩陆架沉积阶段，生成碎屑岩烃源岩层。在碳酸盐台地沉阶段，发育硝屑灰岩、藻灰岩、礁灰岩和暴露作用生成的白云岩储集岩。因而其早期被动大陆边缘阶段构了古生新储组合。前陆盆地早期在前渊盆地内沉积了一套碎屑岩烃源岩。它与早期的储集层构成了新生古储组合。同时也对下伏地层起到了封闭作用。沉积地层逐层向克拉通斜坡上超覆，发育地层圈闭。前渊阶段中期快速沉积的巨厚的复理石沉积和晚期快速沉积形成的磨拉石沉积有利于早期沉积的迅速埋藏、成熟和保存。 相似文献
10.
鄂尔多斯西缘地区位于华北板块的边缘,在中晚奥陶世经历了明显的构造转型,其大陆边缘的性质由被动大陆边缘转向活动大陆边缘。构造属性的改变也导致了盆地性质的转换,鄂尔多斯西缘沉积盆地的性质从大坪期—达瑞威尔期被动陆缘盆地向艾家山期的弧后盆地转换。岩相古地理研究表明,中晚奥陶世该地区的沉积类型可划分出滨岸相、潮坪相、缓坡相、蒸发台地相、开阔台地相、陆棚相、斜坡相和盆地相,其中的陆棚相还可以分出碳酸盐岩陆棚、碎屑岩陆棚以及混积陆棚相。大坪期—达瑞威尔期以稳定的陆表海沉积为主,沉积一套陆棚相的碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩。进入晚奥陶世的艾家山期,在加里东期构造运动的不断挤压抬升影响下,海水逐渐退出鄂尔多斯盆地地区,贺兰地区发生了强烈的凹陷,形成了一个相对封闭的以黑色泥页岩为主深水盆地,为该时期的一个重要烃源岩沉积区。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
15.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
16.
正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology, 相似文献
18.
正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.) 相似文献
19.
正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se- 相似文献
20.
正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with 相似文献