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1.
内蒙古黄旗海全新世中晚期环境演变的沉积记录 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对内蒙古中部黄旗海湖泊沉积特征、粒度及孢粉组合等指标的综合分析,重建了该地区全新世中晚期以来的环境变化过程,将黄旗海4360 a BP以来气候环境变化分为7个阶段,其中有三次显著的干冷事件分别发生在2400~2140 a BP,1510~1270 a BP和590~280 a BP期间;三次较温暖湿润时期为3840~2400 a BP,2140~1510 a BP,1270~590 a BP。与区域上全新世晚期以来的环境演变过程基本一致。 相似文献
2.
河北坝上地区位于东亚季风边缘区和农牧交错带,季风强弱的变化深刻影响着该地区人类文明的发展.为了重建河北坝上地区中-晚全新世以来的气候演化过程,剖析气候变化与人类文明发展的关系,以坝上地区安固里淖湖为研究对象,通过对该湖沉积剖面植硅体的分析,并结合孢粉组合特征,恢复了安固里淖地区5 000 cal.a BP以来的气候演变历史.结果显示,在千年尺度上该区域气候总体呈冷干趋势,但在5 030~3 070 cal.a BP时期气候相对湿润,千年尺度上气候的变化主要受控于北半球太阳辐射量的变化.在百年尺度上安固里淖地区经历了7次冷干事件,分别发生于4 500 cal.a BP、4 100~3 800 cal.a BP、3 500 cal.a BP、3 000 cal.a BP、2 100 cal.a BP、1 100 cal.a BP和800~270 cal.a BP左右,这7次冷干事件对应于东亚季风减弱阶段,主要受到了北半球高纬气候和太阳活动的共同影响.该区人类文明的演化敏感响应于气候变化,气候温湿期以农业文明为主,气候冷干期以草原文明为主. 相似文献
3.
根据岩芯的碳、氮含量及其比值分析并结合其他气候替代指标的分析结果，恢复了海南岛双池玛珥湖末次冰消期以来的古气候变化。全新世大暖期始于7,400a BP，结束于2,700a BP左右，期间热带地区气候湿热，植物茂盛，双池玛珥湖主要处于沼泽化阶段，蒸发量与降雨量持平。但大暖期中仍存在气候的快速波动事件，约7,200a BP和7,000a BP前后、6,000～5,900a BP、4,300～4,000a BP 期间气候转凉，有机质生产力降低。大暖期前后，分别有明显的凉温但季节性暴雨频繁的气候（8,000～7,400a BP、2,700～2,300a BP），表示气候模式发生变化，降雨量相对大于蒸发量。此时双池玛珥湖处于深水期，由于气温降低以及湖水上升引起的湖边陡壁植被覆盖面积减少，植物生产力降低，导致了岩芯中有机质的低含量。 相似文献
4.
在14C测年和岩石学的基础上,对豫北平原全新世钻孔沉积物孢粉分析,发现了蒿属、藜科、禾本科、菊科、莎草科、香蒲属6大科属草本,桦属、栎属、榆属3大科属阔叶类,以及裸子植物和蕨类各2种。孢粉含量具有6阶段的组合特征,分别对应6个时期的古气候与古环境演化：10 200~8 200 cal BP,气候冷湿,8 200 cal BP处指示了一次较大的降温事件;8 200~4 000 cal BP,温湿条件有波动,整体上显示了全新世中期整体暖湿气候的特征;4 000~3 300 cal BP,湿度较4 000 cal BP时降低,气候由冷湿向冷干转变;3 300~2 400 cal BP,整体呈寒冷干旱的气候特征;2 400~1 350 cal BP,温度小幅回升,降水增加,气候变暖变湿;1 350 cal BP迄今,温度小幅回落,气候较为干凉。总体上呈“凉湿-暖湿-凉干”的变化特征,各对应时期的裴李岗文化、仰韶文化和龙山文化分别呈现出“欠兴旺-兴旺-衰落”的景象。全新世气候的变化对古文化的兴衰演替有着决定性的影响。温度和湿度升高时期,受水热配置影响,喜湿热动植物增多,植被茂盛,原始农牧业生产力上升,物质相对丰富,人口增加,文化遗址单个规模、密度增大,显示出古文化兴旺的景象;反之,原始农牧业生产力下降,物质相对匮乏,文化遗址单个规模、密度相对变小,显示出古文化衰落的景象。本文研究结果初步表明中原地区中、晚全新世古气候变化与古文化兴衰之间有着很好的耦合关系。 相似文献
5.
贵州荔波1200年来石笋高分辨率的古气候环境记录 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过笔者对荔波龙泉洞L2石笋进行高精度的ICP-MS-230Th测年和碳、氧同位素分析, 建立了荔波地区1200 a BP 来高分辨率的古气候变化的时间序列。研究结果表明, 荔波地区1200 a BP以来石笋记录的季风气候经历了1200~1100 a BP(暖)、1100~940 a BP (冷)、940~840 a BP(暖)、840~700 a BP(冷)、700~450 a BP(暖)、450~300 a BP(冷)、300~200 a BP(暖)以及200~70 a BP(冷)等8个阶段百年尺度的干湿、冷暖波动, 并在这些百年尺度的波动上又叠加了一系列数十年尺度的气候变化。石笋记录揭示了1200 a以来东亚季风气候的不稳定性, 呈百年尺度(Gleissberg)的周期性变化。这些气候变化事件, 与冰芯记录极为相似, 反映低纬度地区百年尺度石笋记录的季风气候变化与高纬度及北极地区的气候变化具有极好的相关性, 反映百年尺度石笋记录的季风降水主要受太阳辐射驱动、控制, 而东亚季风的降水事件(或干旱事件)与太阳的辐射强度密切相关。石笋记录的百年尺度季风降水事件对于认识现代气候系统变化以及对未来十年—百年尺度的气候预测和演化的驱动机制, 具有重要的科学意义。 相似文献
6.
贵州荔波1.5万年以来石笋高分辨率古气候环境记录 总被引：33，自引：8，他引：25
通过对董哥洞石笋进行高精度的 TIMS- U系测年和 C、O同位素分析,建立了贵州省荔波地区 15 470 a以来高分辨率的古气候变化时间序列.研究结果表明,荔波地区 15 470 a以来石笋记录的冷暖事件所反映出的古季风变化,大致可分为 4个气候变化阶段 : (1) 15 470～ 11 350 a期间的晚更新世晚期-- Heinrich (H1)事件和新仙女木 (YD)事件期间,反映本阶段东亚冬季风强盛, 气温降低, 有效大气降水相对减少, 表现为干旱寒冷的气候环境; (2) 11 350～ 9 190 a期间的早全新世--干热期,反映东亚夏季风相对增强,气温升高,有效降水相对较少,表现为干热的气候环境; (3) 9 190～ 3 320 a期间的中全新世--稳定的气候适宜期,反映东亚夏季风相对强盛,气温升高,有效降水相对较大,表现为温暖湿润的气候环境; (4) 3 320～ 130 a期间的晚全新世降温期,反映本阶段东亚夏季风明显减弱,东亚冬季风相对增强,有效降水相对增大,而气候变化的波动频率却在增加 ,越至现代冷温变化时间渐趋缩短.石笋的 C、O同位素记录所揭示的末次冰期最后的 2次冷事件,其冷谷年龄分别为: (15 440± 130) a(H1事件 )和 (11 910± 70) a(YD事件),同时,还确定了终止点Ⅰ的界线年龄为 (11 350± 70) a,并证实了末次冰期在中国南方东亚季风气候区也存在有与北大西洋 H1事件和 YD事件相对应的冷事件.荔波地区的古季风环流变化,反映了东亚夏季风由弱-变强-再逐渐变弱的趋势,有效大气降水由少-增多-变少-再增多,气温由低-变高-再次变低的变化趋势,显示了与北极地区存在着古气候的遥相关关系. 相似文献
7.
利用取自东海东北部、冲绳海槽西侧陆坡的重力柱状岩芯DOC082(29°13.93′N,128°08.53′E;水深1128m),通过对碳酸钙、有机碳和蛋白石等生源组分含量的分析,结合浮游有孔虫、底栖有孔虫、放射虫和硅鞭藻等微体古生物化石丰度的变化以及底栖有孔虫属种组成特征,揭示了全新世东海东北部生物生产力的演变。研究结果显示,近10500cal.aB.P.以来生源组分含量和微体古生物化石丰度的演变趋势十分相似,明显分为3个阶段:约4000cal.aB.P.之前的早、中全新世明显偏低,大约在4000cal.aB.P.左右开始突然大幅度上升,而约3000cal.aB.P.以来的晚全新世以持续的高值为显著特征。生源组分含量、微体古生物化石丰度以及底栖有孔虫内生属种Uvigerina和Bulimina百分含量等指标的变化一致指示,东海东北部近10500cal.aB.P.以来古生产力演变的显著特征是早、中全新世明显偏低,约4000cal.aB.P.左右突然且大幅度上升,大约3000cal.aB.P.之后的晚全新世为生物生产力异常的高值期;同时有研究表明该区域的表层海水年平均温度(SST)也呈现了明显的三段式演变:早全新世10500~8400cal.aB.P.期间为持续的高值期、中全新世SST相对稳定、3100~500cal.aB.P.期间的晚全新世为显著的低SST时期[1]。近3000cal.aB.P.以来古生产力的异常高值和表层海水古温度的大幅度下降说明晚全新世区域海洋环境发生了明显的改变。据东海东北部现代生物生产力和表层海水温度的分布特征和控制机制、结合现代ElNio发生期间中国大陆气候和降水异常以及黑潮暖流变异的分析表明,近3000cal.aB.P.来东海东北部的环境异常可能是对晚全新世ElNio活动显著增强的反应。 相似文献
8.
按照气温变化规律将中国气温变化划分为东北、华北北部、华东华南、华南、陕甘宁、川黔桂、新疆和滇藏高原区等8个分区。搜集有确切年代和气温数值的古气温记录1397条,以8个分区为单元进行整理,以日历年时间为坐标系,采用单样本区域订正—多样本平均集成法重建了东北、华北北部、华东华南、华南和滇藏高原区的全新世200 a分辨率连续集成气温序列。结果表明：5条分区连续气温序列与所在区域的高分辨率环境记录变化趋势基本一致,主要的百年尺度冷暖事件有较高的可比性;5条分区连续序列指示全新世气温变化可以分为明显的早期升温、中期大暖期和晚期变冷3个阶段;气温变化幅度区域差异较大,但主要的冷暖事件基本一致,暖期盛期发生在8～6ka BP,当时滇藏高原约比现代高2℃,东北高出3℃,华北北部高1.5℃,华东华南接近1℃,华南区仅高出0.5℃;主要冷事件发生在9.2、6.2、4.0和0.4 ka BP,其中,4.0 ka BP冷事件规模较大,滇藏高原、东北、华北北部、华东华南和华南区降低幅度分别为1.5、2、1、0.5和0.5℃。全新世期间各分区气温变化幅度也表现出纬度从北向南、海拔从高到低、气温变化幅度依次递减的特征。 相似文献
9.
通过新疆北天山东段巴里坤山北麓巴里坤湖及周缘地区7个剖面的沉积相带划分、OSL测年、粒度分析、磁化率测试,研究了全新世以来巴里坤湖区湖面积变化:14 000 a B.P.末次冰盛期晚期,东天山地区冰川发育,由于水体封存于巴里坤山冰川,导致巴里坤湖萎缩至1#剖面以北。8 000~4 000 a B.P.巴里坤山冰川融化,巴里坤湖扩张进入全新世以来最大湖期,湖泊扩张至1#剖面以南,面积达到600 km2。东天山地区温暖湿润的全新世适宜期为8 000~4 000 a B.P.。其后湖泊逐渐萎缩,4 000~2 000 a B.P.湖泊面积大约470 km2。2 000~1 000 a B.P.面积萎缩至380 km2。在1 500 a B.P.左右湖泊曾经基本干涸,在目前湖心地带出现泥坪沉积。其后巴里坤湖进入小湖期,湖泊面积在100 km2范围波动,时有扩张或干涸。全新世巴里坤湖水位变化主要受北半球夏季太阳辐射变化控制,具体表现在北半球冰盖由扩张转为融化背景下,全新世早期巴里坤山冰川发育和全新世中期的巴里坤湖冰川融水的注入扩张;巴里坤地区受东亚夏季风影响甚弱,西风环流带给的水量补充有限,全新世中晚期巴里坤地区向干旱环境发展。 相似文献
10.
我国北方晚更新世以来古环境变化在总趋势上有一致性,但又有地区上的差别.青藏高原古气候变化有其特殊性,末次冰期寒冷气候开始早于其他地区;全新世暖期开始晚于其他地区1500年左右.除受全球性气候变化影响外,青藏高原的迅速上升也是影响我国北方晚更新世以来古环境的因素之一;华北平原未来生存环境变化中水资源的变化受人类活动影响很大.目前水资源开发利用程度高,预测于21世纪前半个世纪内缺水状况是严峻的,平原区缺水将大于80×108m3/a;我国北方在全新世大暖期后,气候环境的变化是在大暖期期间形成的环境基础上演变的.总的趋势是向以冷干为主的气候和向干旱化环境演化. 相似文献
11.
CASTOR MUÑOZ SOBRINO PABLO RAMIL-REGO LUIS GÓMEZ-ORELLANA RAMÓN ALBERTO DÍAZ VARELA 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2005,34(3):381-400
Three NW Iberia Cantabrian Mountain pollen records are presented. They reflect the main Holocene climatic shifts in the North Atlantic region as recorded in the isotopic data from Greenland ice, Irish speleothems and reconstructed sea surface temperatures. Two brief forest regression episodes reconstructed from pollen may be synchronous with GH-11.2 and GH-8.2 events. At mid-altitude, two woodland expansion phases (7000-6000 14C yr BP and 4000-2500 14C yr BP) are separated by a phase of heaths and peat deposits. Major woodland declines occurred during the Galician-Roman Period (which includes the Bronze Age, the Iron Age and the Roman occupation) and from the end of the Medieval Period. The pollen data, backed up by archaeological and historical sources, suggest climatic impact of the Iron Age Cold Period, but are indecisive concerning the Little Ice Age. However, the pollen records do not support any significant 'Neoglacial' period (4000-3000 14C yr BP) influence on NW Iberia. 相似文献
12.
揭示晚全新世以来的海平面变化过程对于理解海平面所处的现状和变化的趋势等具有重要意义。构造活动相对稳定的雷州半岛珊瑚礁区蕴藏着丰富的海平面变化信息,文中对该区晚全新世发育的海滩沉积序列研究表明,距今约1.7～1.2Cal.kaBP(14C年代为2.1～1.7kaBP)期间总体上是一个海平面持续上升的时期,其中在距今约1.5Cal.kaBP时海平面有过短暂的下降波动,约1.2Cal.kaBP时的海平面比现在的至少高128cm;之后海平面开始下降,至今海岸线后退了约210m,形成现代海滩-沙堤地貌体系。结合本区珊瑚礁记录的全新世其他时段海平面的变化特征,本文认为全新世海平面与气候变化一样,也存在千年、百年、年代际尺度的波动特征。 相似文献
13.
Elie Verleyen Dominic A. Hodgson Koen Sabbe Holger Cremer Steven D. Emslie John Gibson Brenda Hall Satoshi Imura Sakae Kudoh Gareth J. Marshall Andrew McMinn Martin Melles Louise Newman Donna Roberts Steve J. Roberts Shiv M. Singh Mieke Sterken Ines Tavernier Sergey Verkulich Evelien Van de Vyver Wim Van Nieuwenhuyze Bernd Wagner Wim Vyverman 《Earth》2011,104(4):199-212
We review the post-glacial climate variability along the East Antarctic coastline using terrestrial and shallow marine geological records and compare these reconstructions with data from elsewhere. Nearly all East Antarctic records show a near-synchronous Early Holocene climate optimum (11.5–9 ka BP), coinciding with the deglaciation of currently ice-free regions and the optimum recorded in Antarctic ice and marine sediment cores. Shallow marine and coastal terrestrial climate anomalies appear to be out of phase after the Early Holocene warm period, and show complex regional patterns, but an overall trend of cooling in the terrestrial records. A Mid to Late Holocene warm period is present in many East Antarctic lake and shallow coastal marine records. Although there are some differences in the regional timing of this warm period, it typically occurs somewhere between 4.7 and 1 ka BP, which overlaps with a similar optimum found in Antarctic Peninsula terrestrial records. The differences in the timing of these sometimes abrupt warm events in different records and regions points to a number of mechanisms that we have yet to identify. Nearly all records show a neoglacial cooling from 2 ka BP onwards. There is no evidence along the East Antarctic coastline for an equivalent to the Northern Hemisphere Medieval Warm Period and there is only weak circumstantial evidence in a few places for a cool event crudely equivalent in time to the Northern Hemisphere's Little Ice Age. There is a need for well-dated, high resolution climate records in coastal East Antarctica and particularly in Terre Adélie, Dronning Maud Land and Enderby Land to fully understand the regional climate anomalies, the disparity between marine and terrestrial records, and to determine the significance of the heterogeneous temperature trends being measured in the Antarctic today. 相似文献
14.
Here we present new relative sea-level (RSL) curves developed from Holocene-aged raised beaches along the southern Scott Coast of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica. Fifty-four dates of marine shells, seal skin and elephant seal remains incorporated within raised beaches during storms afford a chronology for these curves. All of the curves show the same pattern and timing of RSL change within a small range of error. The best-dated curve suggests that final unloading of grounded Ross Sea ice from the southern Scott Coast and McMurdo Sound region occurred shortly before 6500 14C yr BP. This age is consistent with glacial geological evidence that places deglaciation between 5730 and 8340 14C yr BP. Our data strongly suggest that grounding-line retreat of the Ross Sea ice sheet southward through the McMurdo Sound region occurred in mid- and late Holocene time. If this is correct, then rising sea level could not have driven ice recession to the present-day grounding line on the Siple Coast, because global deglacial sea-level rise was essentially accomplished by mid-Holocene time. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Lindsay L. Vare Guillaume Massé Thomas R. Gregory Christopher W. Smart Simon T. Belt 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2009,28(13-14):1354-1366
A sea ice record for Barrow Strait in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) is presented for the interval 10.0–0.4 cal. kyr BP. This Holocene record is based primarily on the occurrence of a sea ice biomarker chemical, IP25, isolated from a marine sediment core obtained from Barrow Strait in 2005. A core chronology is based on 14C AMS dating of mollusc shells obtained from ten horizons within the core. The primary IP25 data are compared with complementary proxy data obtained from analysis of other organic biomarkers, stable isotope composition of bulk organic matter, benthic foraminifera, particle size distributions and ratios of inorganic elements. The combined proxy data show that the palaeo-sea ice record can be grouped according to four intervals, and these can be contextualised further with respect to the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM). Spring sea ice occurrence was lowest during the early–mid Holocene (10.0–6.0 cal. kyr BP) and this was followed by a second phase (6.0–4.0 cal. kyr BP) where spring sea ice occurrence showed a small increase. Between 4.0 and 3.0 cal. kyr BP, spring sea ice occurrence increased abruptly to above the median and we associate this interval with the termination of the HTM. Elevated spring sea ice occurrences continued from 3.0 to 0.4 cal. kyr BP, although they were more variable on shorter timescales. Within this fourth interval, we also provide evidence for slightly lower and subsequently higher spring sea ice occurrence during the Mediaeval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age respectively. Comparisons are made between our proxy data with those obtained from other palaeo-climate and sea ice studies for the CAA. 相似文献
16.
There has been limited previous research about Holocene climate variability in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean. Here we examine centennial‐scale changes in diatom assemblages and stable isotopic ratios since 10 000 cal a BP in a high‐accumulation‐rate sediment core from the Conrad Rise. Although abundances of dominant diatom taxa (Fragilariopsis kerguelensis and Thalassiothrix antarctica) are comparatively constant, relative abundances of secondary taxa fluctuate. Before c. 9900 cal a BP, winter sea‐ice and cold water covered the Conrad Rise. Following deglaciation the sea‐ice retreated from the Conrad Rise, lagging that of the Atlantic and eastern Indian Sectors by about 1500 a. The Polar Front moved southward during the early Holocene optimum and north Antarctic Zone waters covered the Conrad Rise for about 650 a. After 9300 cal a BP, solar insolation strongly influenced sea surface temperature and primary productivity in the Southern Ocean. In the high‐latitude Indian Sector, productivity increased 1500 a after the onset of late Holocene neoglaciation. Periodic δ18O and cold‐water diatom taxa spikes (at intervals of 200 and 300–500 a, respectively) occurred after 9300 cal a BP, probably associated with solar activity. Fluctuations in short‐term sea surface temperature and cold‐water taxa are synchronous with changes in δD observed in an east Antarctic ice core. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Michael J. Bentley 《Quaternary Science Reviews》1999,18(14):211
The volume of Antarctic ice at the Last Glacial Maximum is a key factor for calculating the past contribution of melting ice sheets to Late Pleistocene global sea level change. At present, there are large uncertainties in our knowledge of the extent and thickness of the formerly expanded Antarctic ice sheets, and in the timing of their release as meltwater into the world’s oceans. This paper reviews the four main approaches to determining former Antarctic ice volume, namely glacial geology, glacio-isostatic studies, glaciological modelling, and ice core analysis and attempts to reconcile these to give a ‘best estimate’ for ice volume. In the Ross Sea there was a major expansion of grounded ice at the Last Glacial Maximum, accounting for 2.3–3.2 m of global sea level. At some time in the Weddell Sea a large grounded ice sheet corresponding to c. 2.7 m of global sea level extended to the shelf break. However, this ice expansion has not yet been confidently dated and may not relate to the Last Glacial Maximum. Around East Antarctica there was thickening and advance offshore of ice in coastal regions. Ice core evidence suggests that the interior of East Antarctica was either close to its present elevation or thinner during the last glacial so the effect of East Antarctica on sea level depends on the net balance between marginal thickening and interior thinning. Suggested East Antarctic contributions vary from a 3–5.5 m lowering to a 0.64 m rise in global sea level. The Antarctic Peninsula ice sheet thickened and extended offshore at the Last Glacial Maximum, with a sea level equivalent contribution of c. 1.7 m. Thus, the Antarctic ice sheets accounted for between 6.1 and 13.1 m of global sea level fall at the Last Glacial Maximum. This is substantially less than has been suggested by most previous studies but the maximum figure matches well with one modelling estimate. The timing of Antarctic deglaciation is not well known. In the Ross Sea, terrestrial evidence suggests deglaciation may have begun at c. 13,000 yr BP1 but that grounded ice persisted until c. 6,500 yr BP. Marine evidence suggests the western Ross Sea was deglaciated by c. 11,500 yr BP. Deglaciation of the Weddell Sea is poorly constrained. Grounded ice in the northern Antarctic Peninsula had retreated by c. 13,000 yr BP, and further south deglaciation occurred sometime prior to c. 6,000 yr BP. Many parts of coastal East Antarctica apparently escaped glaciation at the LGM, but in those areas that were ice-covered deglaciation was underway by 10,000 yr BP. With existing data, the timing of deglaciation shows no firm relation to northern hemisphere-driven sea level rise. This is probably due partly to lack of Antarctic dating evidence but also to the combined influence of several forcing mechanisms acting during deglaciation. 相似文献
18.
Reconstructions of sea‐surface conditions during the Holocene were achieved on two sediment cores from the northwest Greenland margin (AMD14‐204) and Kane Basin (AMD14‐Kane2B) based on dinoflagellate cyst assemblages. On the northwest Greenland margin, sea‐surface conditions were cold with an extended sea ice cover prior to 7750 cal a bp associated with the end of the deglaciation. A major change occurred around ca. 7750 cal a bp with enhanced influence of warmer water from the West Greenland Current, and optimal sea‐surface conditions were observed around 6000 cal a bp . After 3350 cal a bp , results reflect the establishment of the modern assemblages. In the Kane Basin, sea‐surface conditions were not favourable for dinocyst productivity prior to 7880 cal a bp , as the basin was still largely covered by ice. The presence of warmer water is recorded between 7880 and 7200 cal a bp and the highest primary productivity between 5200 and 2100 cal a bp , but sea‐surface conditions remained cold with an extended sea ice cover throughout the Holocene. Overall, the results from this study revealed the strong influence of meltwater discharges and oceanic current variability on the sea‐surface conditions. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Bradley R. Michalchuk John B. Anderson Julia S. Wellner Patricia L. Manley Wojciech Majewski Steve Bohaty 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2009,28(27-28):3049-3065
A high-resolution record of Holocene deglacial and climate history was obtained from a 77 m sediment core from the Firth of Tay, Antarctic Peninsula, as part of the SHALDRIL initiative. This study provides a detailed sedimentological record of Holocene paleoclimate and glacial advance and retreat from the eastern side of the peninsula. A robust chronostratigraphy was derived from thirty-three radiocarbon dates on carbonate material. This chronostratigraphic framework was used to establish the timing of glacial and climate events derived from multiple proxies including: magnetic susceptibility, electric resistivity, porosity, ice-rafted debris content, organic carbon content, nitrogen content, biogenic silica content, and diatom and foraminiferal assemblages. The core bottomed-out in a stiff diamicton interpreted as till. Gravelly and sandy mud above the till is interpreted as proximal glaciomarine sediment that represents decoupling of the glacier from the seafloor circa 9400 cal. yr BP and its subsequent landward retreat. This was approximately 5000 yr later than in the Bransfield Basin and South Shetland Islands, on the western side of the peninsula. The Firth of Tay core site remained in a proximal glaciomarine setting until 8300 cal. yr BP, at which time significant glacial retreat took place. Deposition of diatomaceous glaciomarine sediments after 8300 cal. yr BP indicates that an ice shelf has not existed in the area since this time.The onset of seasonally open marine conditions between 7800 and 6000 cal. yr BP followed the deglacial period and is interpreted as the mid-Holocene Climatic Optimum. Open marine conditions lasted until present, with a minor cooling having occurred between 6000 and 4500 cal. yr BP and a period of minor glacial retreat and/or decreased sea ice coverage between 4500 and 3500 cal. yr BP. Finally, climatic cooling and variable sea ice cover occurred from 3500 cal. yr BP to near present and it is interpreted as being part of the Neoglacial. The onset of the Neoglacial appears to have occurred earlier in the Firth of Tay than on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula. The Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age were not pronounced in the Firth of Tay. The breadth and synchroneity of the rapid regional warming and glacial retreat observed in the Antarctic Peninsula during the last century appear to be unprecedented during the Holocene epoch. 相似文献
20.
全新世时期的环境和气候变化是全球气候模拟、预测中不可或缺的资料.对苏拉威西海西北部MD98-2178孔(3.6200°N,118.7000°E,水深1 984 m)全新世的样品进行孢粉分析和浮游有孔虫氧稳定同位素测试,重建全新世苏拉威西海周边地区植被演化和气候变化图景.根据孢粉记录得到:在全新世早期至7 ka BP时,各孢粉组合浓度剧烈下降,指示海平面处于上升阶段;在7~4 ka BP时,各孢粉组合浓度都处于低谷,体现为高海平面期;在4 ka BP之后,孢粉记录则显示海平面有小幅的下降.在全新世中期,即5~4 ka BP,热带高山雨林花粉含量明显上升,表明是温度低值期.蕨类孢子记录显示降雨量在全新世早期是持续增加的,但在全新世中期之后,降雨量有所减少,这与陆地孢粉记录和印尼石笋记录的结果相似,体现全新世该地区降雨量受海陆格局和太阳活动共同影响. 相似文献