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MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS FROM THE INDUS SUTURE OPHIOLITE IN SWAT, NW PAKISTAN
MINERALOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS FROM THE INDUS SUTURE OPHIOLITE IN SWAT, NW PAKISTAN1 BeccaluvaL ,MacciottaG ,PiccardoGB ,etal.PetrologyoflherzoliticrocksfromthenorthernApennineophiolites[J] .Lithos,1984 ,17:2 99～ 316 .
2 HartmannG ,WedepohlKH .ThecompositionofperidotitetectonitesfromtheIvreacomplex ,northernItaly:residuesfrommeltextraction[J] .GeochimCosmochActa ,1993,57:176 1～ 1782 .
3 JaquesAL ,ChappellBW .Petrologya… 相似文献
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Graphite‐schist blocks in the Franciscan Mélange,San Simeon,California: Evidence of high‐P metamorphism 
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下载免费PDF全文 The seacliff exposure at San Simeon, California, contains graphite‐schist blocks in a shale‐matrix, an undocumented lithology within the Franciscan mélange. Thirty graphite‐schist blocks were studied to discover all the varieties in this classic locality of mélange. Based on their mineralogical assemblage and composition, and textural characteristics the graphite‐schists in San Simeon are subdivided into two main types (Type I and II) with two subdivisions each (A and B). Type IA and IIA blocks are the most abundant. Type IA graphite‐schists are siltstone/fine greywacke‐like, preserve sedimentary textures, and lack lawsonite. Type IB graphite‐schists are mineralogical and texturally similar to Type IA schists, but are finer grained siltstone and shale. Type IIA graphite‐schists are compositionally layered and contain quartz‐ and albite‐rich layers and dark graphite‐ and intergrown mica/chlorite‐rich layers. Nine out of the 15 Type IIA blocks contain lawsonite. Two Type IIA blocks also contain aragonite (+calcite) in veins. Type IIB graphite‐schists are mostly composed of quartz and minor graphite, intergrown chlorite and white mica, and white mica pseudomorphs after lawsonite. The phengite content of mica in Type IIA blocks is higher than that of mica in Type IA graphite‐schists, confirming they were metamorphosed under high‐P/low‐T conditions. Type IA blocks were recrystallized between 200 and 250 °C at <~3 kbar; whereas, Type IIA blocks were metamorphosed under higher pressure conditions, probably at 250–300 °C and 3–5 kbar. Most likely both types of graphite‐schists were derived from a similar layered siltstone/fine greywacke/shale protolith. Organic matter‐rich sediments deposited in the trench axis were subducted along with oceanic crust during Franciscan subduction. Type I graphite‐schists were subducted to depths <10 km, whereas Type II graphite‐schists were subducted to depths ~15 km where they were underplated under high‐P conditions. The graphitic metasedimentary rocks were juxtaposed with mafic lithologies from the subducted oceanic crust that were metamorphosed to blueschist facies and retrograded to greenstone as they returned to the surface in the subduction channel shear zone. 相似文献
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A DISCUSSION ON THE STRUCTURE AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE ALTUN OROGENIC ZONE 相似文献
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John P. Platt 《International Geology Review》2015,57(5-8):843-853
Block-in-matrix melanges at San Simeon have been variously interpreted as deformed olistostromes or as subduction-channel flow melanges. Detailed examination shows that seven types can be distinguished, with transitions among them. All contain exotic clasts of greenstone, chert, and more rarely blueschist, in addition to greywacke; the same materials also occur as blocks metres to tens of metres in diameter immersed in melange. The seven types are (1) bedded conglomerate, (2) structureless conglomerate, (3) mud-matrix conglomerate, (4) sandy block melange, (5) broken formation, (6) mud-matrix melange without deformational fabric, and (7) sheared melange. Types (1)–(3) are clearly sedimentary in origin. Types (4) and (5) were formed from unconsolidated sediment, most likely by down-slope sliding, and transitional types suggest that the mud-matrix melange (6) formed in the same way. Sheared melange (7) was formed by low-temperature post-consolidational deformation of all other types, which produced shear bands and a crude scaly fabric.Kinematic indicators of shear direction are rare, but assuming the fabric and shear bands are coeval, the shear direction and sense can be determined from the angular relationship between the two planar fabrics. Most shear planes are gently dipping, with normal-sense displacements of a few centimetres to tens of centimetres. Shear directions are highly variable, with the highest concentrations between WNW and S. This suggests that the main phase of shearing took place during a phase of approximately vertical shortening and horizontal extension, rather than during accretion. Post-accretionary dextral shearing on NNW-trending vertical planes, and sinistral shear on a variety of trends, are likely related to Neogene transform tectonics. The simplest interpretation of these relationships is that the disrupted character of the melanges formed primarily by sliding down the trench inner slope of unconsolidated sediment, including clasts and blocks of previously accreted and exhumed greenstone, chert, and blueschist. The deformational fabric is largely unrelated to the disruption, and was formed during late-stage extension in the accretionary wedge. 相似文献
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内蒙古苏左旗南部温都尔庙群由早元古代宝音图群(1910Ma),中、新元古代温都尔庙群(1511Ma,825Ma)和早古生代乌勒图-乌兰呼都格-查干乌拉蛇绿混杂岩(409Ma)组成。出露于乌勒图-乌兰呼都格-查干乌拉地区的乌勒图蛇绿混杂岩是由层位不全的,肢解了的蛇绿岩经构造混杂而成。其基质主要为绢云绿泥石英片岩、变质凝灰质砂岩,局部为绿泥片岩。岩块成分复杂,大小不一,形态各异,杂乱分布,主要岩石类型为白云岩、硅质岩、超基性岩、基性火山岩、灰岩。蛇绿混杂岩岩石化学分析表明,超基性岩MgO/FeO*比值在8-13,MgO/(MgO+ FeO*)比值在0.85-0.87 之间,与世界大多数变质橄榄岩相同。基性火山岩具大洋拉斑玄武岩特征,常量元素和稀土元素显示陆间洋盆性质。蛇绿混杂岩被晚泥盆世色日巴彦敖包组地层不整合覆盖,前者所含超基性岩块Sm-Nd 同位素等时线年龄为409Ma,表明其形成于中、晚志留世,于晚泥盆世前发生构造侵位。 相似文献
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Cao Zhimin Luo Yaonan Li Youguo Song Xieyan Chen Cuihua Yang Zhusheng He Hong WT ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)
Cu-Ni-PGES MINERALIZATION OF MELANOCRATIC ROCKS IN SOUTHEAST MARGIN OF THE QINGHAI-XIZANG(TIBET) PLATEAU, HKTERALIZAtheprojectsupportedbyNNSFofChina 相似文献
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五台山地区分布着复杂的变质杂岩。过去人们把这些变质岩作为地层分成群组段。龙泉关剪切构造岩的发现突破了这种传统观念。野外工作中发现所谓五台群主要包含了三个蛇绿混杂带;阜平群和恒山群的主要成分是灰片麻岩,它们构成两个太古代陆块的基底。五台地区的花岗岩类由代表弧环境的双花岗岩带的I型和S型花岗岩组成,它们与变质的钙碱性火山岩代表了古代的岩浆弧。滹沱群的豆村和东冶亚群以及过去划入阜平群和五台群的某些变沉积岩是阜平陆块被动大陆边缘的沉积。滹沱群的郭家寨亚群则是前陆盆地的磨拉石沉积。因此可以认为,这是一个由恒山仰冲陆块、北台-车厂弧和阜平俯冲陆块构成的碰撞造山带,碰撞时间大致是距今2050Ma。闭合的弧前大洋和弧后盆地形成了三条蛇绿混杂带。 相似文献
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受加里东运动影响,湖南下志留统地层主要分布在湘西北和湘中-湘南地区。随着构造运动、盆地演变和海平面下降,湖南早志留世岩相古地理也发生了巨大的变化。综合露头剖面、钻井岩心和岩石薄片的观察,结合数据分析和前人研究成果,在下志留统识别出比较典型的沉积相:湘西北主要发育陆棚、潮坪、三角洲等浅海相,湘中-湘南主要为深水浊积岩相。文中恢复了下志留统沉积演化,分析了龙马溪组黑色页岩发育特征及其受控因素,建立了页岩沉积模式。 相似文献
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西昆仑麻扎构造混杂岩的组成及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
西昆仑麻扎构造混杂岩带是1∶25万《麻扎幅》区域地质调查过程中发现并厘定的。岩块主要由火山弧杂岩、与弧相关的沉积建造和外来岩块3部分15个块体组成。各块体之间均为断层接触。基质分布在岩块的边部,主要由构造片岩和糜棱岩等组成。它包含着古洋壳消减过程中的一些重要信息。对构造混杂岩内角闪石英闪长岩进行SHRIMP测年,结果为(338±10）Ma,为早石炭世。麻扎构造混杂带的发现和研究,不仅丰富了麻扎-康西瓦缝合带的内容,而且将该带的演化时限提前到早石炭世,为西昆仑造山带研究提供了基础资料。 相似文献
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羌塘中部高压变质带的形成过程 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
羌塘中部高压变质带由榴辉岩、石榴石白云母片岩和蓝片岩等组成,与蛇绿混杂岩、晚古生代浅变质地层岩片等共同构成了龙木错-双湖板块缝合带这一构造混杂岩带,是伴随古特提斯洋闭合的深俯冲作用及后期构造作用的产物。通过对其野外地质特征、不同岩石类型岩石学、矿物学以及同位素年代学等的研究,确认榴辉岩和石榴石白云母片岩在早期分别经历了各自的形成过程,在榴辉岩形成之后的折返过程中二者共同构成了高压变质带,并且在折返过程中榴辉岩发生蓝片岩相退变质作用,同时导致了带内蓝片岩的形成。同位素年代学研究结果表明,龙木错-双湖板块缝合带闭合过程中的榴辉岩相变质作用发生于240Ma左右,折返过程中的蓝片岩相退变质作用及蓝片岩的形成应在220～200Ma,高压变质带最终在214Ma之前抬升出露地表。 相似文献
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在川南及邻区下志留统龙马溪组下段沉积相详细研究的基础上,结合偏光显微镜、X衍射及元素地球化学分析等,提出沉积相对页岩气地质条件的影响特征。研究发现:川南及邻区龙马溪组下段主要发育潮坪相和浅海陆棚相。局限滞留的缺氧还原环境、快速海侵形成的分层水体、适宜的沉积速率及较高的生物产率,造成了龙马溪组下段有机质富集,并以硅质型页岩为主,利于页岩气的富集与开发。隆起边缘的潮坪相沉积,为页岩气的非有利区;沉积中心的深水陆棚沉积区,主要发育碳质硅质页岩、碳质页岩与含粉砂含钙碳质页岩,为页岩气的有利区;砂泥质浅水陆棚含有较高的有机质,应为页岩气发育的次级有利区;灰泥质浅水陆棚主要发育“钙质页岩+含碳泥质灰岩”,有机质含量相对较低,为页岩气的较不利发育区。 相似文献
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通过对川西南汉源—马边—雷波地区典型剖面上奥陶统五峰组沉积岩性特征、充填序列、沉积构造及室内分析等研究,并结合研究区晚奥陶世构造特征,将川西南地区五峰期分为2期,划分为潮坪、浅水陆棚和深水陆棚3种沉积相。指出在晚奥陶世五峰早期,受加里东构造运动影响,扬子与华夏陆块发生构造挤压碰撞,川中、黔中等边缘隆起抬升扩大,上扬子地区由克拉通海相盆地转为被隆起围限的隆后盆地,除川中隆起、川西—滇中隆起周缘沉积潮坪相白云质页岩、泥灰岩和白云质灰岩外,川西南绝大部分面积主要发育深水陆棚相炭质页岩和硅质页岩、含炭粉砂质页岩。五峰晚期,伴随着全球性冰期事件的发生,研究区乃至整个上扬子区发生大规模海退,大面积的深水陆棚相转为浅水陆棚沉积,岩性主要为粉砂质页岩、泥灰岩、钙质炭质页岩和硅质灰岩等,较前期钙质成分明显增多。 相似文献
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CHARACTERISTICS OF ALKALINE VOLCANIC ROCKS OF PLIOCENE IN THE WESTERN PART OF HONGHE FAULT ZONE 相似文献
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The metamorphic history of mafic exotic blocks from a tectonic melange zone within an allochthonous ophiolitic terrane (Marmora Terrane) of the Pan-African Gariep orogenic belt in south-western Namibia was studied, based on mineral parageneses and amphibole composition. Glaucophane described previously from these rocks could not be verified. Instead, two types of blue amphiboles were distinguished: (i) rims of (ferro-) edenitic to pargasitic to barroisitic hornblende composition around brownish amphibole phenocrysts replacing magmatic clinopyroxene, and (ii) deep blue porphyroblasts of magnesio-riebeckite with little ferro-glaucophane component in a highly metasomatized albite-rich rock. Textural and mineralogical evidence, particularly the existence of up to three different amphibole generations in metagabbro samples, supports a multiphase metamorphic history experienced by these exotic blocks. The first metamorphic event, M1, is interpreted as very low- P hydrothermal oceanic metamorphism that affected the igneous protoliths at up to amphibolite facies temperatures. Subsequent M2 metamorphism was syntectonic and is characterized by temperatures similar to those attained during M1 but higher pressures indicating burial to 15–20 km. This event is related to a subduction process. The third metamorphic event, M3, was low grade and of regional nature. It is the only one recorded in the sedimentary envelope of the exotic blocks. The formation of magnesio-riebeckite is considered a retrograde reaction at greenschist facies during M2. The results indicate that in the Gariep belt subduction and subsequent obduction have occurred, although blueschist facies metamorphism has not been reached. 相似文献
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CHARACTERISTICS OF TECTONIC MIXTITE ZONE IN THE LANCANG RIVER,WESTERN YUNNAN 相似文献