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张宣高变质花岗岩－绿岩带内早期花岗质侵入体是以英云间长岩和花岗间长岩为主体的ＴＴＧ岩系，经历了麻粒岩相高级变质作用的改造，已变质成以含紫苏辉石为特征的片麻岩类岩石。麻粒岩相峰期变质作用的时代为２３９０±１９Ｍａ。紫苏花岗岩属典型岩浆成因侵入岩，其侵位成岩时代为２３９０±２４Ｍａ，是区域麻粒岩相峰期变质作用期间长英质熔浆直接结晶的产物。钾质花岗岩类具多种不同的岩石类型，为一系列小规模的富钾质花岗岩侵入体，是与紫苏花岗岩同一构造岩浆活动事件的产物。麻粒岩相峰期变质作用、岩浆活动时代的一致性，表明了本区太古宙末－古元古代早期，由于大规模构造运动，麻粒岩相变质作用由峰期变质条件向相对低温低压条件演化、花岗岩－绿岩带基底岩石由地壳深部向地壳浅部抬升、并同时伴随紫苏花岗岩及钾质花岗岩等大规模岩浆侵入活动的区域地壳演化规律。 相似文献
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吉林省南部辉石花岗岩类的构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
吉林省南部辉石花岗岩类的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时年龄为２４０±８０Ｍａ，Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时年龄为２３４３±１１５Ｍａ，分别代表岩浆结晶年龄和后期低角内岩相变质作用年龄。辉石花岗岩晚于英云闪长质片麻岩类和淡色块状花岗岩类，形成于太石宙末期，与地壳伸展崩落作用有关，可以作地壳克拉通化的标志。 相似文献
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再论红旗营子群的时代问题 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
红旗营子群相当于单塔子群上部，为一套低角闪岩相火山沉积岩。该群上部刘营组的斜长变粒岩，测得单颗粒锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ年龄为２４２３±２３Ｍａ；侵入该群的花岗岩锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ年龄与以上数值相近。凤凰咀组上部的斜长角闪岩测得Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ全岩等时线年龄２５８７±１７８Ｍａ，２６３９±１７４Ｍａ。根据测定样品产于不同层位或岩石之中，经受后期变质与变形作用的改造亦有差异，对测定的年龄值所反映的地质意义进行了分析与对比。 相似文献
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粤西云炉紫苏花岗岩及其麻粒岩包体的主要特点和成因讨论 总被引：20，自引：7，他引：20
云炉含有麻粒岩包体的紫苏花岗岩出露于粤西云开大山加里东造山带。这种紫苏花岗岩是麻粒岩在水不饱和的条件下发生深熔作用的结果．结晶温度在８００℃以上，氧逸度（ｆｏ２）和水逸度（ｆＨ２Ｏ）分别为１．０１３×１０８．６Ｐａ和４５．４ＭＰａ，定位深度约１７ｋｍ，单颗粒锆石Ｕ－Ｐｈ同位素年龄为４５０±１０Ｍａ。岩体中的麻粒岩包体来自紫苏花岗岩源区．反映源区的变质条件为Ｐ＝０．６～０．６９ＧＰ８，Ｔ＝８０７～８３６°ａＨ２ｏ＝０．２７。 相似文献
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云南第三地质大队区调二分队，在西藏察隅西部娄巴曲和贡日嘎布曲的古－中元古代德玛拉岩群和白垩纪花岗岩分布区，发现８个变形花岗岩体。根据岩性、片麻状构造和接触关系以及Ｕ－Ｐｂ法年龄４４１．４７Ｍａ、４６１．６６Ｍａ、６３９Ｍａ等资料，肯定为寒武寒武纪老侵入岩，与滇西平河花岗岩基和西藏康马片麻状花岗岩基为同期同构造侵入的产物，具同构造陆壳重熔花岗岩岩石地球化学特征。 相似文献
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中国东部中一新生代活动大陆边缘构造—岩浆作用演化和发展 总被引：31，自引：5，他引：31
本文论述中国东部中－新生代由科迪勒拉型转变为西太平洋活动大陆边缘过程中的构造－岩浆作用及其演化。在印支旋回（２５０～１８５Ｍａ），初始欧亚板块与古太平洋板块强烈挤压俯冲，并伴随大范围改造型花岗岩类的发育。在燕山早期（１８５～１４０Ｍａ），继续俯冲，改造型花岗岩进一步发育，并开始有同熔型花岗岩类的形成。在约１４０Ｍａ两类花岗岩的形成达到高潮。在１４０～１００Ｍａ广泛发育安山－流纹岩系。燕山晚期（１００～７０Ｍａ）由于弧后扩张，配合红色盆地的广泛形成，发育碱性火山岩和碱性花岗岩带．新生代中国东部大陆花岗岩和中－酸性火山岩活动消失，代之以玄武岩活动；边缘海和岛弧逐渐形成，钙碱性火山岩系转入岛弧地带。 相似文献
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闽北浦城地区元古代侵入岩时代及其构造环境讨论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在闽北建宁发现年龄为１７１４±２０Ｍａ最早一期的上坪岩体以后，近年又相继在浦城地区发现元古代的侵入岩。它是岩脉、岩瘤侵入于老变质岩中，其中超基性岩测得Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时线年龄为１５６６．９Ｍａ，片麻状钾长花岗岩中获得单锆石Ｐｂ－Ｐｂ年龄８６５Ｍａ，将其时代分别确定为中元古代和晚元古代。根据钐钕稳定同位素特征，超基性岩反映大陆壳岩石的演化特点或者有陆无物质严重混染，稀土分配模式与高铝玄武岩相似，表明它们形成于大陆边缘。片麻状钾长花岗岩据石英氧同位素δ１８Ｏ１１．６７‰，为改造型花岗岩，ｌｇτ－ｌｇσ图解表明形成于造山带构造环境。这一最新成果对进一步研究我省前寒武纪构造及岩浆演化具有重要意义。 相似文献
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吕梁地区早前寒武纪主要地质事件的年代框架 总被引：37，自引：1，他引：36
通过同位素地质年代学研究初步建立的吕梁山地区早前寒武纪主要地质事件的年代格架是：界河口群形成在２６００～２４００Ｍａ期间。吕梁群近周峪组火山岩形成在２３６０～２３５０Ｍａ期间,２１２４Ｍａ时野鸡山群白龙山组火山喷发。赤坚岭杂岩约在２１５０Ｍａ时侵位,随后发生了钾质花岗岩的侵入（２０３１Ｍａ左右）,界河口群和吕梁山群都爱到这次构造热事件的影响。芦芽山紫苏花岗岩在１８００Ｍａ左右侵位。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献