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1.
塔里木巴楚小海子正长岩杂岩体的岩石成因探讨   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  
位荀  徐义刚 《岩石学报》2011,27(10):2984-3004
巴楚小海子正长岩杂岩体是二叠纪塔里木大火成岩省的重要组成部分.SIMS锆石U-Pb定年显示其形成于279.7±2.0Ma,与本区辉绿岩脉和石英正长斑岩岩脉近于同时侵位.根据矿物学特征,小海子正长岩体可分为铁橄榄石正长岩和角闪正长岩两类.前者主要由碱性长石、铁橄榄石、单斜辉石、角闪石和少量石英、斜长石组成,后者主要由碱性长石、角闪石、黑云母和少量的石英、斜长石组成.小海子正长岩体为铁质、碱性系列,轻稀土相对富集,重稀土亏损,具有明显的Eu正异常,无Nb、Ta负异常,相对低的(87Sr/86Sr);(0.7033 ～0.7038)和正的εNd(t)值(+3.1～+3.8),暗示它们来自亏损的地幔源区,没有地壳物质的加入.主微量和同位素地球化学分析,暗示巴楚小海子正长岩的母岩浆为碱性的幔源玄武质岩浆经橄榄石、单斜辉石分离结晶后的残余熔体,并且含有堆晶的碱性长石.这种含有碱性长石堆晶的熔体,在相对还原的条件下结晶,形成铁橄榄石正长岩;在相对氧化的条件下结晶,并经过不同程度斜长石的分离结晶形成角闪正长岩.  相似文献   

2.
K-feldspar megacrysts are common in granitoids, but relatively rare in chemically equivalent volcanic rocks. Dacites from Taapaca volcano have euhedral sanidine megacrysts up to 5 cm long. Small crystals, where present, are rounded. Growth of the megacrysts engulfed plagioclase and amphibole crystals. Crystal size distributions (CSD) of sanidine megacrysts are hump shaped. All these data show that megacrysts developed from the host magma by coarsening: this was enabled by the cycling of magma temperature around the sanidine liquidus temperature in response to injections of more mafic magma and subsequent magmatic overturns. Plagioclase crystals enclosed in the megacrysts are small and have short, steep, straight CSDs, which contrasts with the CSDs of plagioclase in the groundmass which are shallower and extend to larger sizes. This shows that plagioclase was also coarsened approximately synchronously with sanidine, in response to the same temperature conditions.  相似文献   

3.
The South Altyn continental block is an important geological unit of the Altyn Tagh orogenic belt, in which numerous Neoproterozoic granitoids crop out. Granitoids are mainly located in the Paxialayidang–Yaganbuyang area and can provide indispensable information on the dynamics of Rodinia supercontinent aggregation during the Neoproterozoic. Therefore, the study of granitoids can help us understand the formation and evolutionary history of the Altyn Tagh orogenic belt. In this work, we investigated the Yaganbuyang granitic pluton through petrography, geochemistry, zircon U–Pb chronology, and Hf isotope approaches. We obtained the following conclusions:(1) Yaganbuyang granitoids mainly consist of two-mica granite and granodiorite. Geochemical data suggested that these granitoids are peraluminous calc–alkaline or high-K calc–alkaline granite types. Zircon U–Pb data yielded ages of 939±7.1 Ma for granodiorite and ~954 Ma for granitoids, respectively.(2) The εHf(t) values of two–mica granite and granodiorite are in the range of-3.93 to +5.30 and-8.64 to +5.19, respectively. The Hf model ages(TDM2) of two-mica granite and granodiorite range from 1.59–.05 Ga and 1.62–2.35 Ga, respectively, indicating that the parental magma of these materials is derived from ancient crust with a portion of juvenile crust.(3) Granitoids formed in a collisional orogen setting, which may be a response to Rodinia supercontinent convergence during the Neoproterozoic.  相似文献   

4.
西昆仑造山带南侧的麻扎-康西瓦缝合带,是古特提斯洋闭合的位置。慕士塔格-公格尔作为昆仑山的主峰,紧邻该缝合带的东北侧分布,主要岩性为花岗闪长岩和黑云母二长花岗岩。作者系统研究了两种岩性的地球化学及年代学特征,探讨了岩石成因,反演了古特提斯洋的构造演化历史。岩体岩浆锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果显示,花岗闪长岩和黑云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄分别为(213.0±0.5)~(215.4±0.9)Ma和(220.6±0.5)~(222.1±0.4)Ma,是晚三叠世岩浆活动的产物。两种岩性均为高硅(w(SiO2)65%)、富碱(w(K2O+Na2O)6%)、钙碱性-高钾钙碱性、准铝质(A/CNK1),富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)和重稀土(HREE)。微量元素组成特征、低锆石饱和温度及高分异指数显示慕士塔格-公格尔花岗岩体为高分异I型花岗岩。岩体锆石的εHf(t)值变化范围较小,为-4.46~-0.17,指示岩浆以壳源为主。综合研究表明,慕士塔格-公格尔花岗岩体可能是同碰撞造山环境下,老的下地壳受地幔热源影响部分熔融,形成的长英质壳源岩浆侵入地壳内部而冷却结晶形成。  相似文献   

5.
The widely distributed late‐collisional calc‐alkaline granitoids in the northern Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) have a geodynamic interest as they represent significant addition of material into the ANS juvenile crust in a short time interval (∼630–590 Ma). The Deleihimmi granitoids in the Egyptian Central Eastern Desert are, therefore, particularly interesting since they form a multiphase pluton composed largely of late‐collisional biotite granitoids enclosing granodiorite microgranular enclaves and intruded by leuco‐ and muscovite granites. Geochemically, different granitoid phases share some features and distinctly vary in others. They display slightly peraluminous (ASI = 1–1.16), non‐alkaline (calc‐alkaline and highly fractionated calc‐alkaline), I‐type affinities. Both biotite granitoids and leucogranites show similar rare earth element (REE) patterns [(La/Lu)N = 3.04–2.92 and 1.9–1.14; Eu/Eu* = 0.26–0.19 and 0.11–0.08, respectively) and related most likely by closed system crystal fractionation of a common parent. On the other hand, the late phase muscovite granites have distinctive geochemical features typical of rare‐metal granites. They are remarkably depleted in Sr and Ba (4–35 and 13–18 ppm, respectively), and enriched in Rb (381–473 ppm) and many rare metals. Moreover, their REE patterns show a tetrad effect (TE1,3 = 1.13 and 1.29) and pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.07 and 0.08), implying extensive open system fractionation via fluid–rock interaction during the magmatic stage. Origin of the calc‐alkaline granitoids by high degree of partial melting of mafic lower crust with subsequent crystal fractionation is advocated. The broad distribution of late‐collisional calc‐alkaline granitoids in the northern ANS is related most likely to large areal and intensive lithospheric delamination subsequent to slab break‐off and crustal/mantle thickening. Such delamination caused both crustal uplift and partial melting of the remaining mantle lithosphere in response to asthenospheric uprise. The melts produced underplate the lower crust to promote its melting. The presence of microgranular enclaves, resulting from mingling of mantle‐derived mafic magma with felsic crustal‐derived liquid, favours this process. The derivation of the late‐phase rare‐metal granites by open system fractionation via fluid interaction is almost related to the onset of extension above the rising asthenosphere that results in mantle degassing during the switch to post‐collisional stage. Consequently, the switch from late‐ to post‐collisional stage of crustal evolution in the northern ANS could be potentially significant not only geodynamically but also economically. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

6.
《China Geology》2022,5(4):579-594
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7.
Mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) in host granitoids can provide important constraints on the deep magmatic processes. The Oligocene-Miocene granitoid plutons of the NW Anatolia contain abundant MMEs. This paper presents new hornblende Ar-Ar ages and whole-rock chemical and Sr-Nd isotope data of the MMEs from these granitic rocks. Petrographically, the MMEs are finer-grained than their host granites and contain the same minerals as their host rocks (amphibole + plagioclase + biotite + quartz + K-feldspar), but in different proportions. The Ar-Ar ages of the MMEs range from 27.9 ± 0.09 Ma to 19.3 ± 0.01 Ma and are within error of their respective host granitoids. The MMEs are metaluminous and calc-alkaline, similar to I-type granites. The Sr-Nd isotopes of MMEs are 0.7057 to 0.7101 for 87Sr/86Sr and 0.5123 to 0.5125 for 143Nd/144Nd, and are similar to their respective host granitoids. These lithological, petrochemical and isotopic characteristics suggest that the MMEs in this present study represent chilled early formed cogenetic hydrous magmas produced during a period of post-collisional lithospheric extension in NW Anatolia. The parental magma for MMEs and host granitoids might be derived from partial melting of underplated mafic materials in a normally thickened lower crust in a post-collisional extensional environment beneath the NW Anatolia. Delamination or convective removal of lithospheric mantle generated asthenospheric upwelling, providing heat and magma to induce hydrous re-melting of underplated mafic materials in the lower crust.  相似文献   

8.
The Jiangda–Deqen–Weixi continental margin arc(DWCA) developed along the base of the Changdu–Simao Block and was formed as a result of the subduction of the Jinsha River Ocean Slab and the subsequent collision. The Ludian batholith is located in the southern part of the DWCA and is the largest batholith in northwest Yunnan. Granite samples from the Ludian batholith yield an early Middle Permian age of 271.0 ± 2.8 Ma. The geochemical data of the early Middle Permian granitoids show high Si2 O, low P2 O5 and MgO contents that belong to calc-alkaline series and peraluminous I-type rocks. Their εHf(t) values range from-5.01 to +0.58, indicating that they were formed by hybrid magmas related to the subduction of the Jinsha River Tethys Ocean. The monzonite and monzogranite samples yield Late Permian ages of 250.6 ± 1.8 Ma and 252.1 ± 1.3 Ma, respectively. The Late Permian granitoids are high-K calc alkaline and shoshonite series metaluminous I-type rocks. Their εHf(t) values range from-4.12 to-1.68 and from-7.88 to-6.64, respectively. The mixing of crustal and mantle melts formed the parental magma of the Late Permian granitoids. This study, combined with previous work, demonstrates the process from subduction to collision of the Jinsha River Paleo-Tethys Ocean.  相似文献   

9.
作为最早被识别出的碱性岩石之一,煌斑岩因富含金和金刚石等矿产资源以及对理解深部地球动力学过程的重要作用而受到广泛重视,但是目前对于煌斑岩的成因还存在不同的认识。本文基于近年来对煌斑岩的研究成果,对它们的分类、特征以及岩石成因进行综述。根据国际地科联(IUGS)的分类标准,煌斑岩可以分为超镁铁质煌斑岩、钙碱性煌斑岩和碱性煌斑岩。研究发现,超镁铁质煌斑岩往往是伸展环境下岩浆作用的产物,与金伯利岩和碳酸岩有密切的成因关系;钙碱性煌斑岩通常发育在汇聚或被动大陆边缘环境,其岩石成因可能有多种机制(如基性岩浆的分异、岩浆混合以及交代富集地幔的部分熔融);碱性煌斑岩出露在离散型大陆边缘和板内构造环境,通常和碱性玄武质岩浆作用密切相关。不管岩石的形成环境和过程如何,超镁铁质煌斑岩、钙碱性煌斑岩和碱性煌斑岩被普遍认为是来自于经历了交代富集作用的地幔源区。最后,文章指出了煌斑岩研究过程中存在的一些科学问题,如富集的地幔源区存在的矿物相(金云母和角闪石)对产生钠质还是钾质岩浆的影响,控制岩浆在结晶过程中影响含水矿物斑晶形成的因素以及部分煌斑岩中碳酸岩球粒和钠长石的形成原因等。  相似文献   

10.
Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic granitoids, distributed in the northwest of the Zhongtiaoshan Precambrian complex, comprise trondhjemites and calc-alkaline monzogranites, displaying intrusive contacts with the Archean Zhaizi TTG gneisses. And the Beiyu metamorphic granitoids consist mainly of trondhjemites, distributed at the core of the Hujiayu anticline fold. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating data show that the weighted mean ^207pb/^206pb ages are 2435.9 Ma and 2477 Ma for the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites, respectively, and reveal -2600 Ma inherited core in magmatic zircons. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that all the Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites and calc- alkaline monzogranites belong to the metaluminous medium- and high-potassium calc-alkaline series. These rocks are characterized by relatively high total alkali contents （Na2O＋K2O, up to 9.08%）, depleted Nb, Ta, P and Ti, and right-declined REE patterns with moderate to high LREEs/HREEs fractionation （the mean ratio of （La/Yb）n = 25）. The Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites display negative Rb, Th and K anomalies in the multi-dement spider diagrams normalized by primitive mantle. Sm-Nd isotopic data reveal that these granitoids have initial εNd（t） =-1.2 to ＋2.4 and Nd depleted mantle model ages of TMD = 2622 Ma-2939 Ma. All these geochemical features indicate that these granitoids were formed in an continent-marginal arc, and the trondhjemites mainly originated from partial melting of juvenile basaltic materials and, howbeit, the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites derived from recycling of materials in the ancient crust under a continent-marginal arc. The granitic magma underwent contamination and fractional crystallization during their formation.  相似文献   

11.
Petrological characteristics of granitic rocks related to the world large molybdenum deposits are studied. The granitoids are evaluated by Fe2O3+TiO2‐FeO+MnO‐MgO diagrams, and found to all plot to the magnetite‐series field. They are all high silica and high‐K series, but not A‐type, except for the Climax‐type porphyries and some others in the Colorado mineral belt. By‐product molybdenum contained in porphyry copper deposits, lower grade but huge tonnage, occurs with calc‐alkaline I‐type magnetite‐series granodiorite and monzogranite. Felsic intrusive rocks of the Climax mine are A‐type and are exceptionally high in trace elements such as F and Rb, which are generally enriched with W and Sn‐related granitoids that originated in crustal source rocks. The by‐product molybdenites in porphyry copper deposits appear to originate in adakitic granodiorite or monzogranite, having deep origins with the subducted slab or thickened juvenile mafic lower crust. Therefore, there is no single magma type but the magnetite series, which concentrates a large volume of molybdenum in the ore deposits.  相似文献   

12.
Magmatic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) are widely developed in the Shaocunwu granodiorite at the northeast margin of the eastern Jiangnan orogenic belt.Field geology showed that the MMEs occur as irregular ellipsoids near the edge of the intrusion,and consist of diorite,dominantly composed of amphibole,biotite,and plagioclase grains,with minor acicular apatite.Zircon U-Pb dating showed the ages of the host granodiorites and MMEs are 145.9±1.1 Ma and 145.6±2.5 Ma,respectively,indicating both originated during coeval late Jurassic magmatism.Whole-rock geochemical results show that the host granodiorite and MMEs have similar rare earth and trace element partition curves in spider grams,and similar ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr,and ~(147)Nd/~(144)Nd isotope ratios,and their zircon ~(177)Hf/~(176)Hf isotopic ratios are similar.Geochemical studies indicate that both the host granodiorite and MMEs formed by mixing of coeval magma.Zircon Ti thermometers and oxygen fugacity of the host granodiorite and the MMEs show high oxygen fugacity,similar to that of W-Cu (Mo) mineralized granitoids in the eastern Jiangnan orogenic belt.A similar magma mixing process was probably one of the mechanisms that generated the W-Cu (Mo) fertile melts.  相似文献   

13.
Xiba granitic pluton is located in South Qinling tectonic domain of the Qinling orogenic belt and consists mainly of granodiorite and monzogranite with significant number of microgranular quartz dioritic enclaves. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb isotopic dating reveals that the quartz dioritic enclaves formed at 214±3 Ma, which is similar to the age of their host monzogranite (218±1 Ma). The granitoids belong to high-K calc-alkaline series, and are characterized by enriched LILEs relative to HFSEs with negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies, and right-declined REE patterns with (La/Yb)N ratios ranging from 15.83 to 26.47 and δEu values from 0.78 to 1.22 (mean= 0.97). Most of these samples from Xiba granitic pluton exhibit εNd(t) values of ?8.79 to ?5.38, depleted mantle Nd model ages (TDM) between 1.1 Ga and 1.7 Ga, and initial Sr isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr)i from 0.7061 to 0.7082, indicating a possible Meso- to Paleoproterozoic lower crust source region, with exception of samples XB01-2-1 and XB10-1 displaying higher (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.779 and 0.735, respectively, which suggests a contamination of the upper crustal materials. Quartz dioritic enclaves are interpreted as the result of rapid crystallization fractionation during the parent magmatic emplacement, as evidenced by similar age, texture, geochemical, and Sr-Nd isotopic features with their host rocks. Characteristics of the petrological and geochemical data reveal that the parent magma of Xiba granitoids was produced by a magma mingling process. The upwelling asthenosphere caused a high heat flow and the mafic magma was underplated into the bottom of the lower continent crust, which caused the partial melting of the lower continent crustal materials. This geodynamic process generated the mixing parent magma between mafic magma from depleted mantle and felsic magma derived from the lower continent crust. Integrated petrogenesis and tectonic discrimination with regional tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen, it is suggested that the granitoids are most likely products in a post-collision tectonic setting.  相似文献   

14.
The basement of the central Qilian fold belt exposed along the Minhe-Ledu highway consists of psammitic schists, metabasitic rocks, and crystalline limestone. Migmatitic rocks occur sporadically among psammitic schist and metabasitic rocks. The mineral assemblage of psammitic schist is muscovite + biotite + feldspar + quartz ± tourmaline ± titanite ± sillimanite and that of metabasitic rocks is amphibole + plagioclase + biotite ± apatite ± magnetite ± pyroxene ± garnet ± quartz. The migmatitic rock consists of leucosome and restite of various volume proportions; the former consists of muscovite + alkaline feldspar + quartz ± garnet ± plagioclase while the latter is either fragments of psammitic schist or those of metabasitic rock. The crystalline limestone consists of calcite that has been partly replaced by olivine. The olivine was subsequently altered to serpentine. Weak deformations as indicated by cleavages and fractures were imposed prominently on the psammitic schists, occasionally on me  相似文献   

15.
Hercynian gabbroic, dioritic and tonalitic rocks crop out in the neighbourhood of Rovale (Sila Grande, Calabria). They make up a crude rectangular outcrop with the western part consisting of gabbroic rocks and the eastern of dioritic and tonalitic rocks. They come into contact with medium to high grade metapelites on the western side and with heterogeneous granodiorites on the other sides. In the gabbroic body both opx ± ol bearing cumulates and amphibole differentiates occur and are characterized by the widespread presence of brown pargasite. Sporadic magmatic to subsolidus corona textures between olivine and plagioclase or orthopyroxene and plagioclase can be observed and their preservation clearly suggests a post-tectonic emplacement for the gabbroic magma. Diorites and tonalites display hypidiomorphic textures free of olivine and orthopyroxene and bearing green Mg-hornblende. The granitoids, on the basis of chemical data, display orogenic features of the continent-continent collision type. The gabbroic rocks have high Al tholeiitic composition and fractionation of orthopyroxene and plagioclase played an important part in their evolution. The Rb/Sr isochron method did not give a precise emplacement age for the granitoids as a whole. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (at 290 Ma) are higher in the gabbroic body (0.7091–0.7095) than in diorites and tonalites (0.7083–0.7092). Thus gabbroic rocks appear more displaced than diorites and tonalites towards crustal isotopic composition. The eNd data seem to confirm this feature, thus suggesting that the gabbroic rocks and diorites derived from distinct mantle magma batches. Interestingly, small isotropic gabbroic masses occur within the diorites and show general features that allow them to be considered as possibly parental with respect to the host diorites. The evolution to the dioritic composition might have occurred through fractionation and minor mixing with a more acidic component such as the northern granodiorites. Geochemical, Sr and Nd isotopic data indicate a scenario of a composite plutonic body formed by distinct magma batches of mixed crust and mantle origin.  相似文献   

16.
Several intrusions of ultrabasic to basic composition occur in the Roslagen area of east‐central Sweden in close spatial and temporal association with the surrounding 1.90–1.87 Ga old early orogenic Svecofennian granitoids. An imprecise Sm‐Nd WR errorchron yields an age of 1895 ± 71 Ma. In spite of the penetrative deformation in the granitoids, the basic–ultrabasic rocks mostly appear undeformed and largely preserve magmatic textures with plagioclase, olivine (in some rock types), orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene, and amphibole as major constituents. The plagioclase is typically very anorthitic (ca. An90). The Roslagen intrusions range in composition from primitive to evolved (Mg# 80 to 49) but contain only 40–50 wt% SiO2. Many samples are highly elevated in Al2O3 (up to 30 wt%), CaO (up to 16 wt%) and Sr (up to 800 ppm), with strongly positive Eu and Sr anomalies, in line with being plagioclase cumulates. Although masked by cumulus effects, the relative trace element contents indicate a volcanic arc signature. The initial Nd isotope composition is homogeneously ‘mildly depleted’, with εNd of +0.3 to +1.1, and the initial Sr isotope composition ‘mildly enriched’, with εSr of +8 to +15. Non‐cumulus rocks with small Eu and Sr anomalies can be used to deduce the composition of the parental magma. This LILE‐ and LREE‐enriched and HFSE‐depleted high‐alumina basalt magma, with Mg# of ca. 50–60 and Ca# of ca. 80, most likely formed by partial melting of mantle material, enriched by fluids in a subduction environment, at 1.9 Ga. The cumulate rocks apparently crystallized from a somewhat more evolved water‐rich magma with Mg# of ca. 40. Crystallization was followed by the development of late‐magmatic to post‐magmatic coronas between olivine and plagioclase in the presence of H2O‐rich fluids. The subduction‐related setting would make these intrusions Palaeoproterozoic counterparts of Alaskan‐type ultramafic intrusions, but they differ from those in being plagioclase enriched, possibly reflecting different levels of exposure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT

The Tafresh plutons that include Ahmadabab diorite, Vasfonjerd monzonite, Mehrezamin diorite and Chahak diorite, located to the east of Tafresh city, north-central Iran, are part of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc. U-Pb dating of zircon grains provides emplacement ages of 22.3 ± 1 Ma for the Ahmadabad diorite, and tightly clustered ages of 22.2 ± 0.2 Ma, 21.3 ± 0.2 Ma, and 21.7 ± 0.4 Ma for Vasfonjerd monzodiorite, Mehrezamin diorite-monzonite, and Chahak diorite-monzonite plutons, respectively. These rocks are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, calc-alkaline, and characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements, Nb-Ta negative anomalies, and high LILE/HFSE ratios. Tafresh plutonic rocks originated from a parental magma source and experienced different degrees of partial melting. Geochemical signatures of Tafresh plutonic rocks, such as a wide range of Y/Nb (2.7–8.4) and low Zr/Nb (19.5–35.) ratios, Nb/Ta (11.46–18.15), argue for mantle–crust interaction during generation of Tafresh magmas. Relatively low Nb/La ratios further indicate that the lithospheric mantle played a significant role in melt generation. HREE signatures (i.e. decrease Dy/Yb with increasing SiO2) preclude substantial involvement of garnet either in the residue, both during partial melting and fractionation of the magma. The plutons are a product of final stages of subduction-related magmatism prior to the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian tectonic plates.  相似文献   

18.
Troctolitic gabbros from Valle Fértil and La Huerta Ranges, San Juan Province, NW‐Argentina exhibit multi‐layer corona textures between cumulus olivine and plagioclase. The corona mineral sequence, which varies in the total thickness from 0.5 to 1 mm, comprises either an anhydrous corona type I with olivine|orthopyroxene|clinopyroxene+spinel symplectite|plagioclase or a hydrous corona type II with olivine|orthopyroxene|amphibole|amphibole+spinel symplectite|plagioclase. The anhydrous corona type I formed by metamorphic replacement of primary olivine and plagioclase, in the absence of any fluid/melt phase at <840 °C. Diffusion controlled metamorphic solid‐state replacement is mainly governed by the chemical potential gradients at the interface of reactant olivine and plagioclase and orthopyroxene and plagioclase. Thus, the thermodynamic incompatibility of the reactant minerals at the gabbro–granulite transition and the phase equilibria of the coronitic assemblage during subsequent cooling were modelled using quantitative μMgO–μCaO phase diagrams. Mineral reaction textures of the anhydrous corona type I indicate an inward migration of orthopyroxene on the expense of olivine, while clinopyroxene+spinel symplectite grows outward to replace plagioclase. Mineral textures of the hydrous corona type II indicate the presence of an interstitial liquid trapped between cumulus olivine and plagioclase that reacts with olivine to produce a rim of peritectic orthopyroxene around olivine. Two amphibole types are distinguished: an inclusion free, brownish amphibole I is enriched in trace elements and REEs relative to green amphibole II. Amphibole I evolves from an intercumulus liquid between peritectic orthopyroxene and plagioclase. Discrete layers of green amphibole II occur as inclusion‐free rims and amphibole II+spinel symplectites. Mineral textures and geochemical patterns indicate a metamorphic origin for amphibole II, where orthopyroxene was replaced to form an inner inclusion‐free amphibole II layer, while clinopyroxene and plagioclase were replaced to form an outer amphibole+spinel symplectite layer, at <770 °C. Calculation of the possible net reactions by considering NCKFMASH components indicates that the layer bulk composition cannot be modelled as a ‘closed’ system although in all cases the gain and loss of elements within the multi‐layer coronas (except H2O, Na2O) is very small and the main uncertainties may arise from slight chemical zoning of the respective minerals. Local oxidizing conditions led to the formation of orthopyroxene+magnetite symplectite enveloping and/or replacing olivine. The sequence of corona reaction textures indicates a counter clockwise P–T path at the gabbro–granulite transition at 5–6.5 kbar and temperatures below 900 °C.  相似文献   

19.
The crystal size distributions (CSDs) of plagioclase and amphibolewere determined from andesites of the Soufrière Hillsvolcano, Montserrat. Plagioclase occurs as separate crystalsand as chadocrysts in large amphibole oikocrysts. The chadocrystsrepresent an earlier stage of textural development, preservedby growth of the oikocryst. Seventeen rock and eight chadocrystplagioclase CSDs are considered together as a series of samplesof textural development. All are curved, concave up, and coincident,differing only in their maximum crystal size. Three amphiboleCSDs have a similar shape and behaviour, but at a differentposition from the plagioclase CSDs. A dynamic model is proposedfor the origin of textures in these rocks. Crystallization ofplagioclase started following emplacement of andesite magmaat a depth of at least 5 km. A steep, straight CSD developedby nucleation and growth. This process was interrupted by theinjection of mafic magma into the chamber, or convective overturnof hotter magma. The magma temperature rose until it was buffered,initially by plagioclase solution and later by crystallization.During this period textural coarsening (Ostwald ripening) ofplagioclase and amphibole occurred: small crystals dissolvedsimultaneously with the growth of large crystals. The CSD becameless steep and extended to larger crystal sizes. Early stagesof this process are preserved in coarsened amphibole oikocrysts.Repetitions of this cycle generated the observed family of CSDs.Textural coarsening followed the ‘Communicating Neighbours’model. Hence, each crystal has its own, unique growth–solutionhistory, without appealing to mixing of magmas that crystallizedin different environments. KEY WORDS: Ostwald ripening; textural coarsening; oikocryst; CSD; texture  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

The Sarduiyeh granitoid (SG) is intruded in the southeastern part of the Dehaj-Sarduiyeh volcano-sedimentary belt in the southeastern end of the Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) in Iran. The medium-to-coarse-grained granitoid unit, with granular texture consists mainly of diorite, tonalite, granodiorite and monzogranitic rocks. Mineralogically, these rocks consist mainly of plagioclase, K-feldspar, quartz, biotite and hornblende. The whole rock geochemical analyses indicates that the SG is calc-alkaline, I-type, metaluminous, enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE; such as K, Cs, Pb) and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE; such as Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr). Chondrite normalized plot of SG rare earth elements (REE) show light rare earth element enrichments with (LaN/YbN = 2.44–8.68) and flat heavy rare earth element patterns with (GdN/YbN = 1.02–1.36). The rather high Y (av. 19.35 ppm), low Sr content (av. 293.76 ppm) and low Cr and Ni contents (av. 20.1 and 4.69 ppm, respectively) of the SG demonstrate its normal calc-alkaline and non-adakitic nature, the features of Jebal Barez-type granitoids. The geochemical characteristics and isotopic composition, low ISr (0.7046–0.7049) and positive ?tNd (+3.4 to +4.03) values, of the SG suggest that its parental magma formed as a result of partial melting from metabasic rocks of lower crust in a subduction-related arc setting. Fractionation of an assemblage dominated by plagioclase, K-feldspar, amphibole and magnetite may have been responsible for the evolution of the SG magma. U-Pb zircon geochronology gives an age of 27.95 ± 0.27 Ma for the SG, suggesting that the final collision between the Arabian plate and Central Iranian microcontinent may have happened in the Late Oligocene.  相似文献   

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