共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
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该文分析了卫星云图和自然图像在小波系数分布上的特征差异,提出了基于小波变换的气象卫星云图压缩方案。方案选择对卫星云图压缩效果较好的、具有双正交性的Odegard 9/7滤波器组对卫星云图进行五级小波分解和重构;根据卫星云图小波分解系数相似性强、低频分量能量更为集中、分量系数层次衰减性明显的特点,使用改进后的零树编码算法对小波系数进行编码运算;最后,采用高效的自适应算术编码对输出数据流进行了进一步的压缩。该方法对卫星云图的压缩效果要优于经典的嵌入式零树小波编码,在失真允许情况下,对红外云图的最大压缩比可达40:1,水汽云图达60:1,可见光云图达35:1。 相似文献
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多阈值和神经网络卫星云图云系自动分割试验 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
卫星云图自动分割是实现卫星云图云系自动识别的基础.选用1992~1994年和1997~1998年夏季有典型天气系统的177幅GMS红外云图建立了云系模型库, 云系分类样本3079个, 包含16类云系, 云系分割样本2764个.利用云系分割样本集进行神经网络试验, 训练集为从32幅云图中抽取的484个样本, 测试集为从145幅云图中抽取的2280个样本, 神经网络模型训练正确率达到98.8%, 测试正确率为86.4%.用1997年7月18~21日和1998年6月15~17日的两组卫星云图做自动分割应用试验, 结果经专家判识, 正确率达到90%以上.本文的工作表明:用多阈值和人工神经网络相结合方法对卫星云图进行云分割在实际应用中是可行的. 卫星云图自动分割系统的输入是GMS红外云图, 输出是分割出的每一个云区, 同时还包括云区的边界链码、起始点、周长、面积, 并保留了原始图像数据.在下一步的云系识别过程中, 可以在此基础上进行云系分类识别试验. 相似文献
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采用60m基线的双站可见光成像仪和扫描式红外成像仪构建地基双波段全天空测云系统,双站可见光成像仪根据双站测距原理准确地获取云底高,通过全方位立体扫描获取全天空可见光云图,扫描式红外成像仪基于大气辐射传输原理测量云底亮温,反演云底高度,通过全方位立体扫描获取全天空红外云图。结合双站可见光成像仪测得云底高,对大气温度垂直递减率进行实时订正,提高扫描式红外成像仪反演云底高精度,达到双波段云底高数据融合目的;基于小波变换多分辨率分析的图像融合技术,对全天空可见光和红外云图进行图像融合,提高能见度低、以及雾、霾等天气条件下云量计算准确度;最终实现昼夜云高、云量同时观测。 相似文献
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利用日本MTSAT (multi-functional transport satellite) 红外亮温资料,提取热带气旋云团中云顶较高、对流较旺盛的深对流信息,根据提取的对流核数量、对流核距热带气旋中心距离、对流核亮温极值等信息表征热带气旋强弱,初步建立了热带气旋强度估测模型;并根据该估算模型的误差分布对强度 (用最大风速表示) 大于40 m·s-1和小于18 m·s-1的样本结果进行了线性修正,修正后的结果与中国气象局《热带气旋年鉴》热带气旋最佳路径资料比较得到非独立样本和独立样本的强度平均绝对误差分别为5.5 m·s-1和5.9 m·s-1, 均方根误差分别为6.9 m·s-1和7.7 m·s-1;对于热带低压、强台风及以上的估计平均绝对误差分别降至4.9,4.7 m·s-1,准确度较好。试验表明:利用热带气旋云团中的对流核数量、分布、冷暖与其强度建立的统计关系模型是可行的,该算法的估算精度与Dvorak方法、AMSU (advanced microwave sounding unit) 定强算法相当。 相似文献
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图像分割是计算机视觉中基础且重要的一个问题.熵阈值图像分割作为一种有效的分割方法,被广泛应用于模式识别和图像处理中.传统的图像分割方法并不能获得足够有效的图像特征.为解决这个问题且进一步探究熵阈值在图像分割中的应用,引入一种GLLE（Gray Level and Local Entropy）二维直方图改进熵阈值图像分割模型,并提出了基于模糊熵的方法计算所建立的二维直方图模型.通过标准实验数据集上的对比实验表明,基于模糊熵的GLLE熵阈值分割方法可以得到更加准确的阈值,提高了分割精度.同时在处理不同类型图像的表现上优于往常的算法,具有更强的鲁棒性. 相似文献
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小波变换在信号处理中有着广泛的应用,能同时分析时域和频域方面的信息,但是传统的小波变换依赖于傅立叶变换,有大量的卷积运算,运算速度较慢.该文讨论了第二代小波变换的原理,并采用它来处理脑电信号.提升算法作为构造第二代小波的关键技术,通过预测确定高频信息,更新后得到正确的低频信息,它不依赖于傅立叶变换,大大提高了运算速度.通过分析提升算法的基本原理,用第二代小波变换实现了对脑电信号的节律(δ、θ、α、β)提取,并得到了令人满意的效果. 相似文献
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A wavelet method is used to estimate kinetic energy and fluxes from data collected under stable conditions during the CASES-99 field campaign. Results in the high frequency range are compared with those obtained by the traditional method used to estimate turbulent moments, which is based on the Reynolds decomposition of variables into a mean and a turbulent part. The fact that the wavelet transform performs much better as a filter than the averaging process accounts for most of the disagreements between results. Since the wavelet method can be applied at very different spectral ranges, it is also used to analyse two different coherent structures: a density current and a train of internal gravity waves. The strong burst of turbulence related to the density current reflects the complexity of the first event. The wavelet method discriminates the different scales of motion, which are present in the perturbation, and is therefore an ideal tool for assessing the interactions between them. A method based on the phase difference between wavelet-transformed time series is then applied to the analysis of the horizontal and vertical structure of the gravity waves, and a three-dimensional image of the oscillations is provided. 相似文献
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介绍了小波变换和维纳滤波相结合的图像小波域维纳滤波去噪算法，在分析该算法最小均方误差期望的基础上提出一种改进算法。指出在进行维纳滤波之前，阈值化处理可以有效提高维纳滤波的性能。用标准测试图像的处理结果来比较改进前后两种算法的效果。 相似文献
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基于地理信息系统(Geographic Information System，简称GIS)技术，初步建立了一个能集成多种数据资料和多种算法的热带气旋(Tropical Cyclone，简称TC)客观定位系统。其中不同卫星及同一卫星不同波段资料(如Quikscat洋面风场、云顶亮温等)的矢量及栅格信息的叠加和分析功能，有助于从多个侧面揭示TC的结构特征；而多种定位方法(如云图形态分析法、云顶亮温极值法、洋面风场涡度极值法、数学形态学算法等)的客观化及其综合运用的实现，不仅可以减小TC定位过程中的随机(人为)误差，而且能提高TC定位工作的效率。利用该系统对编号为0203，0209，0212，0417和0419的5个TC进行的定位试验结果表明:利用该系统进行TC定位的精度与目前业务定位精度相当，具有良好业务应用前景。 相似文献
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卫星云图形态特征提取和表示的一种方法 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用可变形模型与形状分解相结合，给出了卫星云图形态特征提取和表示的一种方法。首先用阈值法进行云图分割，再提取出可基本代表云图内容的若干主要云块，之后用圆形可变形模型作用于每个主要云块，并结合形状分解的思想将其用圆形基元的组合来表示。对GMS5云图的实验表明，该方法是简单可行的。 相似文献
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曲线拟合背景场在提取大气重力波参数中的缺陷 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用一次东亚副热带高空急流演变过程的高分辨率数值模拟结果,采用Morlet小波分析和Fourier功率谱分析方法,以3阶和4阶曲线拟合为例,研究了提取大气重力波参数时常用的曲线拟合背景场获取方法的缺陷.结果表明:虽然4阶拟合对原始风廓线的拟合程度高于3阶拟合,但基于4阶拟合背景场得到风速扰动垂直廓线后,所提取的重力波参数和实际情况的差异大于3阶曲线拟合方法的结果.因此,不能将背景场对原始风廓线的拟合程度作为判断重力波参数提取准确率的依据.曲线拟合方法在大多数情况下会使扰动场中包含背景场信号,且所包含的背景场信号强度差异很大,同时还会引入虚假波信号.所以在提取大气重力波参数时,采用曲线拟合方法获取背景场存在缺陷,需要设计更合理的背景场获取方法. 相似文献
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Feng Huang Ziqiang Xia Lidan Guo Fucheng Yang 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,111(3-4):465-470
As the largest tributary of the Ob River, the Irtysh River is an international river partially joining the territories of China, Kazakhstan, and Russia. Four meteorological stations in the Irtysh Basin were selected and the long-term observed daily temperature data were collected. The extreme temperature change was analyzed considering climate change. Detected by the heuristic segmentation by histogram comparison approach, climate was changed during the first half of the 1970s in terms of the increased mean value and decreased standard deviation of the daily temperature series. The noticeable change of the monthly mean temperature was the warmer winter. After climate change, the annual maximum temperature was little changed and its series was not segmented. However, the annual minimum temperature was significantly changed in terms of the increased mean value by more than 2°C, so its series was segmented to the pre- and post-change point subseries. The generalized extreme value distribution was fitted to the annual extreme temperature and the parameters were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. The return levels for 10/50/100-year return periods estimated by the profile likelihood method were obtained for the annual extreme temperature. The probability of occurrence of the cold extremes was decreased after 1970s. 相似文献
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为实现合成孔径雷达数据与数值预报模式资料融合,提高海面风场精度和业务化运用水平,提出了一种基于星载SAR数据与模式资料的变分融合方法。其研究思路是采用二维连续小波变换提取SAR图像中高精度风条纹风向,结合地球物理模型函数求解海面风场的经向分量和纬向分量,然后采用Kriging插值方法将数值预报模式风速插值到SAR海面风场覆盖区域,得到SAR风速观测算子,由此构建SAR风场与模式风场融合的代价函数,并采用变分方法求解分析风场,最终得到融合后的海面风场结果。仿真分析结果表明,变分融合后的海面风速和风向结果更接近于理想值,尤其在SAR海面风场覆盖区域更为明显。选取ENVISAT/ASAR资料和与其时空匹配的欧洲中期天气预报中心模式风场资料开展实例验证,结果表明融合后的海面风场结果比模式风场更加接近于浮标观测结果。 相似文献
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针对常数模算法收敛速度慢的缺点,在分析基于正交小波变换盲均衡器结构和并行软判决盲均衡算法的基础上,提出一种基于正交小波变换的并行软判决盲均衡算法.该算法将正交小波变换引入到并行软判决算法中,利用正交小波变换对信号很强的去相关能力,降低信号的自相关性,以加快算法的收敛速度.水声信道仿真结果表明,与并行的软判决盲均衡算法相比,所提出的基于正交小波变换的并行软判决盲均衡算法具有更快的收敛速度. 相似文献
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Wavelet methods: application to the study of the stable atmospheric boundary layer under non-stationary conditions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this work, some wavelet methods are introduced to study the atmospheric boundary layer under stable conditions, where intermittent events and non-stationary turbulence take place. Such behavior makes classical methods, based on Fourier transform, difficult to use or even of no application.The wavelet transform is used to detect and characterize some structures in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. First, a wave-like event with a 16 min period is detected and analyzed in a wind record. The sum of some Morlet wavelets is proposed as a model for the oscillations. Afterwards, the wavelet transform is introduced to the study of non-stationary small scale turbulence. It provides the time evolution of the energy and a good location in time of the spots of turbulence. Finally, some wavelet tools are used to characterize a traveling structure, provided that it is simultaneously detected at different locations. The phase differences in the wavelet transform give the wavelength and the phase speed of the oscillations, whereas a double transform method is introduced to estimate the group velocity of the structure. 相似文献
19.
A. M. Strunin 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2013,38(7):472-479
Analyzed are the earlier obtained data on the dynamic structure of cumulus (convective) clouds in order to estimate cloud water content effects on the air temperature, computed turbulent fluxes, and their spectral characteristics. It is demonstrated that the cloud and precipitation droplets falling to the aircraft temperature sensor provoke an error in temperature measurements. Developed is a method for taking into account these effects and for computing the correct air temperature fluctuations in the cloud, wavelet spectra of the temperature, and wavelet cospectra of heat fluxes. The use of the method enabled to construct a consistent picture of horizontal heat flux distribution in the cumulus zone depending on the wave number and cloud location. It is shown that mesoscale eddies with the scale of more than 500 m are the main factors of heat exchange between clouds and the ambient space, and the role of turbulence consists only in the mixing inside the cloud. The conclusion is made that the temperature adjustment to the water content of the cloud is needed for correct interpretation of the results of aircraft observations of dynamic structure of cumulus clouds. 相似文献