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1.
氚（＾３Ｈ）与其它全球散落放射性产物的不同之处，在于它与水文循环密切关联。本文通过介绍中大西洋脊两侧Ａｚｏｒｅｓ海域、表层海水中＾３Ｈ及其放射性体产物氦－３浓度分布的演变，揭示了沿亚速尔群岛流有一强锋存在，以及＾３Ｈ浓度与海水盐度、氧含量、不团“年龄”之间的关系，有力地说明在ＨＴＯ分子状态的＾３Ｈ，对研究海洋过程是一理想的示踪剂。 相似文献
2.
氢化物-原子荧光法测定海水痕量硒及其形态 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用氢化物原子荧光法（ＨＧＡＦＳ） 测定海水痕量硒,并利用ＫＢＨ４ 对Ｓｅ（ Ⅳ） 和Ｓｅ（ Ⅵ） 的还原能力不同,以６ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３ＨＣｌ 将海水中Ｓｅ（ Ⅵ） 还原为Ｓｅ（ Ⅳ） 再经氢化反应而测定其形态浓度。以正交设计法对ＨＧＡＦＳ法测定硒的实验条件进行优化选择。在佳化条件下本方法测定溶解态硒的检出限为０ ．０７２μｇ／ｄｍ３ ,对１ ．００μｇ／ｄｍ３Ｓｅ 浓度的样品变异系数为±２．３ ％ 。标准曲线表明,在０～２５μｇ／ｄｍ３Ｓｅ 浓度范围内有理想的线性关系。该方法可直接测定海水中的溶解态总硒、Ｓｅ（ Ⅳ） 及Ｓｅ（ Ⅵ） ,回收率为９９ ±２ ％ 。 相似文献
3.
实验测定了海水中氨基酸存在下Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）在ｒ－ＭｎＯＯＨ上吸附的等温线、Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）％－－ｐＨ曲线和Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）％－氨基酸深度曲线。结果表明，较低浓度氨基酸对Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）在ｒ－ＭｎＯＯＨ上吸附没有影响，而较高浓度氨基酸却起抑制作用，这主要是由于海水中Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－氨基酸络合反应与ｒ－ＭｎＯＯＨ竞争Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）所致。此外，海水中较高浓度氨基酸只使Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）在ｒ－ＭｎＯＯＨ上吸附的表面分级离子交换稳定常数Ｋｉ（ｉ 相似文献
4.
5.
南沙群岛海域沉积物-海水界面间营养物质的扩散通量 总被引：25，自引：1，他引：25
主要研究了南沙群岛海域泻湖及礁外沉积物间隙水生态系中的营养 组份 ＮＯ３－Ｎ， ＮＯ２－Ｎ， ＮＨ４－Ｎ， ＰＯ４－Ｐ， ＳｉＯ３－Ｓｉ及其在沉积物一海水界面间扩散转 移通量，结果表明：（１）该海域间隙水中营养组份的浓度较高，∑Ｎ／Ｐ礁外间 隙水高于泻湖间隙水，相对而言，泻湖间隙水中缺氮，礁外间隙水中缺磷，礁外 间隙水中营养组份的垂直分布各异。（２）该海域沉积物活性明显高于东中国 海，沉积物中大量营养组份向上覆海水扩散转移，Ｈ４ＳｉＯ４是礁外界面扩散是最 大的组份，而在泻湖中ＮＯ３－或ＮＨ４＋是最大扩散量的组份，礁外界面Ｈ４ＳｉＯ４， ＮＯ３－扩散大于泻湖，这些扩散转移特征由组份本身的性质与环境特性决定； （３）该海域水温高是造成间隙水中营养组份大量产出并向上覆海水扩散转移 的主要原因，温度高，沉积物释放出营养组份的表现活化能降低，沉积物的活 性增强，从而释放扩散出大量的营养组份。 相似文献
6.
本文讨论了介绍了用气相色谱法测定海水中无机离子Ｓｅ（－Ⅱ，Ｏ，Ⅳ，Ⅵ）；Ｂｅ（Ⅱ）；Ｃｒ（Ⅲ，Ⅳ）；ＣＨ３Ｈｇ＾＋，ＮＯ３，ＮＯ２，Ｂｒ，Ｉ，ＣＮ的测定方法和色谱条件。 相似文献
7.
本文以人工海水和天然海水为介质，研究了Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）被Ｈ２Ｏ２的氧化作用，结果表明，Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的氧化速率为介质ｐＨ和温度的函数；海水中溶解有机质的存在也将影响Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的氧化速率，随着海水中腐殖质浓度的增加其氧化速率呈现下降趋势。其原因可解释为腐殖质对Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的配合作用和对Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）的还原－催化作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
通过溶液化学平衡反应模型理论计算表明：软泥水和底层海水除Ｆｅ在软泥水中呈高价态的分子化合物（Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３）和络合离子（Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２＋）,以及二者均存在含量甚微的单一离子Ｆｅ３＋以外,Ｆｅ的其它组分形式和Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ元素均以低价态的单一离子、络合离子和分子化合物形式存在。软泥水比底层海水的组分存在形式要多,且组分含量变化幅度要大。软泥水中Ｆｅ主要含量是Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３,而底层海水主要是Ｆｅ２＋。软泥水现代正在发生沉析的矿物有：赤铁矿、针铁矿和石英,在外陆架—陆坡海域软泥水可生成方解石、文石,陆坡海域的软泥水还可沉析菱锰矿和水锰矿;底层海水正在沉析的仅是方解石、文石、赤铁矿和针铁矿。碳酸盐类矿物的沉析与海底分布的钙质粘土、泥等沉积物相吻合。水锰矿的生成为陆坡海山区存在的多金属结壳（核）提供了成矿信息,并表明多金属结壳（核）不是通过海水的物理化学作用的途径生成的。 相似文献
10.
条斑紫菜对无机碳的利用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
于１９９８年３月在青岛太平角采集条斑紫菜,在室内光照强度为１２０μＥ／（ｍ~２·ｓ）的培养架上培养,通过测定其光合作用引起密闭海水体系ｐＨ值及无机碳浓度的变化,借助于各种无机碳利用的抑制剂（Ａｚ、Ｖａｎ、ＤＩＤＳ、ＳＩＴＳ）对其无机碳利用机制进行了研究。结果表明,（１）条斑紫菜可间接吸收ＨＣＯ~（－）_（３）。胞外碳酸醉酶（ＣＡ）催化ＨＣＯ~（－）_（３）水解成ＣＯ_２扩散进入胞内是条斑紫菜无机碳利用的主要形式,占全部无机碳利用的７３％以上。Ａｚ是胞外ＣＡ的抑制剂,可直接检测胞外ＣＡ的存在,它不能透过细胞膜。（２）条斑紫菜可依赖于细胞膜上ＡＴＰ酶对ＨＣＯ~（－）_（３）直接转运。但未发现带Ⅲ蛋白（ｂａｎｄ ３ Ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ）及 Ｎａ~＋／ＨＣＯ_（３）~（－）协同转运系统的参与。（３）条斑紫菜ｐＨ值补偿点为９．８３,ＣＯ_２补偿点为０．０４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。 相似文献
11.
Xu Jianping 《海洋学报(英文版)》1992,11(3):343-356
On the basis of the hydrographic data observed within the Canary Basin in autumn 1985, temperature-salinity properties, distributions of water masses and barocltne flow field, as well as the volume transports in this area are described more detailly. The analyses indicate that the activity in the waters of the Canary Basin is mainly attributed to the interleaving and mixing between the originated water masses (e. g. Surface Water, North Atlantic Central Water, Mediterranean Water and Deep Water) and the modified water masses (Subpolar Mode Water, Labrador Sea Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water) from the outside of the study area and the variation of themselves. The east recirculation of the Subtropic Gyre in the North Atlantic consists of Azores Current and Canary Current.Azores Current is formed with several flow branches around the Azores Island, while the main flow lies at 35?N south of the Azores Island. It begins to diverge near the 15?W. The return flow found off the Portugal coast may be its 相似文献
12.
Morpho-tectonic analysis of the Azores Volcanic Plateau from a new bathymetric compilation of the area 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Lourenço N. Miranda J.M. Luis J.F. Ribeiro A. Victor L.A. Mendes Madeira J. Needham H.D. 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1998,20(3):141-156
The existing studies of the Azores triple junction, although based on specific geological or geophysical data, largely rely upon morphological considerations. However, there is no systematic bathymetric coverage of this area, and the quality of the available bathymetric charts does not allow consistent morpho-structural analysis.In this work we present a new bathymetric grid elaborated with all the available data sources in an area comprised between 24° W to 32° W and 36° N to 41° N. The basic data set corresponds to the merge of NGDC data with new swath profiles. This new map, included as an Appendix, combined with other results from seismology and neotectonics, is the basis for the study of the morpho-structural pattern of the Azores area, the present day stress field and its implications on the current view of the Azores geodynamics.As a major result, we conclude that the Azores region is controlled by two sets of conjugated faults with 120° and 150° strikes that establish the framework for the onset of volcanism, expressing as linear volcanic ridges or as point source volcanism. This interaction develops what can be considered as the morphological signature of the Azores Spreading axis segmentation. We argue that the Azores domain, presently in a broad transtensional regime, is acting simultaneously as a ultra slow spreading centre and as a transfer zone between the MAR and the dextral Gloria Fault, as it accommodates the differential shear movement between the Eurasian and African plates. 相似文献
13.
Maps of the principal structures and geological-geophysical knowledge for the Azores-Gibraltar and Icelandic regions have
been made. The geodynamic conditions of the Azores archipelago formation have been analyzed. It has been noted that the uplifting
of the Azores plume (as well as the Icelandic one) might have been triggered by near-surface tectonic processes. The computer
modeling has been performed with respect to the coefficients of the geodynamic sinking rates for the Azores fragment of the
Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Based on the modeling results, this rate was ∼1.5 times higher than the average sinking rate for the mid-ocean
ridges of the World Ocean in general. The high sinking rate of the Azores fragment is caused by the influence of the plume
material on the sinking process. Based on the complex analysis of the seismicity, thermal flow, and seismic tomography data
distribution, as well as the implemented numerical calculations, the European (northern) part of the diffuse boundary between
the Eurasian and African plates has been identified for the first time. Along with the African (southern) boundary, it outlines
the identified by the authors West Mediterranean plate. 相似文献
14.
The Azores Archipelago is believed to be the site of the third arm of a Triple Junction between the Eurasia/Africa/North America plates. However, to the present no study has been able to identify its segmentation pattern, the spreading mechanism and its relationship with the well-known topographic features of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). Here we present a new gravity compilation obtained with the existing National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) data, merged with new gravity profiles collected during the ESCAPE cruise in 1995. This compilation is used to calculate a Free Air Anomaly (FAA) map, which is used to test two different models, the Mantle Bouguer Anomaly model and the elastic plate model, for the study of the thermal regime of the Terceira Axis. The analysis of the results from both models demonstrates that the elastic plate model successfully models the gravity data from the Azores Plateau and that there is no gravity evidence for the existence of a spreading axis. The elastic plate thickness Te, with a value of 7–8 km, suggests a very young lithosphere (about 10 Ma) at the time of the load of the Azores Plateau. 相似文献
15.
火山活动对于北大西洋涛动的激发作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探索北大西洋涛动形成的大尺度大气物理场背景条件和外部强迫因子,通过对比分析、相关分析和环流系统温压场垂直结构分析得到:(1)强火山活动指数距平与冰岛低压和亚速尔高压海平面气压场(SLP)距平总体相关函数符号相反,强火山活动指数与冰岛低压SLP为反相关,与亚速尔高压SLP为正相关,就是说火山活动指数异常引起了高纬度冰岛低压和中低纬度亚速尔高压海平面气压场相反的变化趋势,形成高低纬之间海平面气压场反相振荡;(2)夏季7月亚速尔高压对流层中下层至海平面,温度距平中心和位势高度距平中心距平符号大致正正相对负负相对,说明夏季亚速尔高压为深厚暖性系统,低层温度升高亚速尔高压加强,低层温度降低亚速尔高压减弱,所以火山活动指数与亚速尔高压SLP均呈反相关关系;冬季1月对流层中下层至海平面,温度距平和位势高度距平符号大致正负相对,说明冬季亚速尔高压为浅薄系统,低层温度升高亚速尔高压减弱,低层温度降低亚速尔高压加强,所以火山活动指数与亚速尔高压SLP均呈正相关关系;(3)冬季1月冰岛低压对流层中下层至海平面,温度距平中心和位势高度距平中心距平符号大致正正相对负负相对,说明冬季冰岛低压为深厚冷性系统,低层温度升高冰岛低压减弱,低层温度降低冰岛低压加深,所以火山活动指数与冰岛低压SLP均呈反相关关系;夏季7月对流层中下层至海平面,温度距平和位势高度距平符号大致正负相对,说明夏季冰岛低压为浅薄系统,低层温度升高冰岛低压减弱,低层温度降低冰岛低压加深,所以火山活动指数与冰岛低压SLP均呈正相关关系;(4).由于对流层中下层至海平面冰岛低压和亚速尔高压冬、夏季温压场结构特点基本相反,火山活动指数异常在两个环流系统中引起了相反响应,导致高低纬之间海平面气压场反相振荡,形成了影响广泛的著名的北大西洋涛动现象。 相似文献
16.
Analysis of Wells turbine design parameters by numerical simulation of the OWC performance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper investigates by numerical simulation the influence of the Wells turbine aerodynamic design on the overall plant performance, as affected by the turbine peak efficiency and the range of flow rates within which the turbine can operate efficiently. The problem of matching the turbine to an oscillating water column (OWC) is illustrated by taking the wave climate and the OWC of the Azores power converter. The study was performed using a time-domain mathematical model based on linear water wave theory and on model experiments in a wave tank. Results are presented of numerical simulations considering several aerodynamic designs of the Wells turbine, with and without guide vanes, and with the use of a bypass pressure-relief valve. 相似文献
17.
Tectonic setting of the Azores Plateau deduced from a OBS survey 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Miranda J.M. Mendes Victor L.A. Simões J.Z. Luis J.F. Matias L. Shimamura H. Shiobara H. Nemoto H Mochizuki H. Hirn A. Lépine J.C. 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1998,20(3):171-182
The studies of Azores seismicity generally show shocks with either normal faulting or right-lateral strike-slip along the ESE direction, compatible with a eastward relative motion of the Eurasian (EU) relative to the African (AF) plate. However, the 1 January 1980 earthquake was interpreted as a clear left-lateral strike-slip shock along the N150E direction. This pattern is difficult to explain in terms of the relative motion between the EU, AF and North American (NA) plates: all available models for the present day movement of this triple junction fail to explain the regional variability in the stress conditions of the area. Here we present data from a 34-day long Ocean Bottom Seismograph array deployment. We show that the seismicity is distributed along a band aligned with the island chain itself, and is concentrated along several faults with an approximate N150E strike, cutting the Azores plateau in all the area covered by the OBS network. The combination of these new results with other geophysical data permits us to conclude that the tectonic setting of the Azores plateau is characterised by the existence of two sets of faults, in the N120E and N150E directions, defining several crustal blocks, whose relative motion accommodates the interaction of the three megaplates. The deformation of these tectonic blocks is probably driven by the shear between the EU and AF plates. This model explains well the spatial variability of the stress conditions in the Azores domain, the combination of dextral and sinistral strike slip mechanisms and the observed seismotectonics of the Azores islands. 相似文献
18.
By using archival monthly data for 100 yr, we analyze the statistical structure of time series characterizing the variability of the Azores High and Iceland Low. We show that there exists a long-term tendency towards approach of the centers of action of the atmosphere (CAA) in the North Atlantic and their strengthening. At the same time, quasiperiodic decadal intensification of the CAA is accompanied by an increase in the distance between them. In the spectra of sea-level pressure in the Azores High and Iceland Low, significant peaks for periods of 2–5 and 10 yr are strongly pronounced. Furthermore, oscillations with a period 50 yr are clearly seen. The main contribution to the interannual changes in the index of the North-Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is made by pressure variability in the Iceland Low. Different ways of behavior are characteristic of the CAA for time scales of 2–7, 7–15, and more than 15 yr. Each of these variability intervals is analyzed separately. We established a significant correlation between the index of the Southern Oscillation (SO) and characteristics of the CAA of the North Atlantic only for time scales of 7–15 yr. It demonstrates that, as the SO index increases in autumn, the pressure at the center of the Azores High grows and the latitudinal distance between the Azores High and Iceland Low decreases, i.e., the zonal circulation in the North Atlantic becomes more intense. We also discuss possible mechanisms of the obtained statistical relations. 相似文献
19.
《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2000,47(5):875-899
The region of the North Atlantic between the Azores, the Canary Islands and the Gibraltar Strait is the subject of the multidisciplinary CANIGO project. A fine resolution primitive equation level model, called the CANIGO regional model, has been constructed to help with the integration of the observations. The model has open boundaries on three sides and at the Strait of Gibraltar.The output from the regional model gives a good representation of the Azores Current, the variability around Madeira, the Canary Current and the associated upwelling, the Cape Ghir and other cool filaments, and the spreading of Mediterranean Water. After passing south of the Azores, the Azores Current splits into two branches. The northern branch meanders towards the Gulf of Cadiz and the Gibraltar Strait, and the southern branch passes south of Madeira and through the Canary Archipelago. 相似文献
20.
David Storz Hartmut Schulz Joanna J. Waniek Detlef E. Schulz-Bull Michal Kučera 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(1):107-124
Planktic foraminiferal (PF) flux and faunal composition from three sediment trap time series of 2002–2004 in the northeastern Atlantic show pronounced year-to-year variations despite similar sea surface temperature (SST). The averaged fauna of the in 2002/2003 is dominated by the species Globigerinita glutinata, whereas in 2003/2004 the averaged fauna is dominated by Globigerinoides ruber. We show that PF species respond primarily to productivity, triggered by the seasonal dynamics of vertical stratification of the upper water column. Multivariate statistical analysis reveals three distinct species groups, linked to bulk particle flux, to chlorophyll concentrations and to summer/fall oligotrophy with high SST and stratification. We speculate that the distinct nutrition strategies of strictly asymbiontic, facultatively symbiontic, and symbiontic species may play a key role in explaining their abundances and temporal succession. Advection of water masses within the Azores Current and species expatriation result in a highly diverse PF assemblage. The Azores Frontal Zone may have influenced the trap site in 2002, indicated by subsurface water cooling, by highest PF flux and high flux of the deep-dwelling species Globorotalia scitula. Similarity analyses with core top samples from the global ocean including 746 sites from the Atlantic suggest that the trap faunas have only poor analogs in the surface sediments. These differences have to be taken into account when estimating past oceanic properties from sediment PF data in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic. 相似文献