共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 531 毫秒
1.
2.
基于非线性滤波的水下地形辅助导航方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解决水下航行器惯性导航误差随时间积累问题,利用地形辅助导航技术进行导航位置修正。由于水下地形的非线性,对基于扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)、无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)和粒子滤波(PF)3种非线性滤波方法的水下地形辅助导航算法进行研究。针对传统基于单波束声纳量测模型在小起伏地形区域导航精度低、易发散问题,从提高量测地形信息量角度,建立了基于多波束测深声纳的量测模型。使用多波束实测地形数据进行仿真试验,结果表明:无论在粗糙地形区域还是较平坦地形区域,多波束量测模型有效缓解了3种方法易发散问题,提高了导航精度。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
由于海水介质对电磁波的强吸收屏蔽效应影响,水下潜航器的隐蔽航行使得对其进行水下导航定位成为一个难点和热点研究方向。现有水下导航与定位技术以惯性导航传统自主导航技术为主体,围绕修正惯性导航产生的累积误差问题,发展形成了航位推算导航、地球物理匹配导航技术、水声导航技术等多种辅助导航技术。系统地介绍了这些水下导航技术及其组合方式的基本原理、主要特点及研究进展,并对未来水下导航技术发展趋势和应用进行了展望。 相似文献
6.
海底地形匹配导航技术可实现自主水下机器人(Autonomous Underwater Vehicle,AUV)长时间的水下精确导航。质点滤波器(Point-Mass Filter,PMF)是实现 AUV 精确海底地形匹配导航的重要方法,但质点权重计算过程中需要寻找空间分布不规则的实测地形数据点与网格化先验地形图数据点间空间对应关系,造成大量计算消耗,严重影响了地形匹配导航算法实时性能。提出一种海底地形匹配高效质点滤波导航方法,通过构建伪输入高斯过程(Sparse Pseudo-input Gaussian Processes,SPGPs)模型,实现实测海底地形数据高效、精确网格化插值过程,并根据 SPGPs 方法提供的插值置信度实现网格化概率地图构建;搭建质点滤波器算法框架,提出适用于概率地图的质点权重计算过程,通过考虑网格化地图不同节点插值置信程度差别,提高地形匹配导航精度。于青岛中沙礁展开海上数据获取试验,并利用海试数据完成算法回放式仿真验证。试验结果证明,所提出网格化插值方法可实现高精度、高效地形深度插值过程,所提出海底地形匹配高效质点滤波导航方法可为 AUV 在线提供精确导航结果,且实时导航圆概率误差小于 3 m。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
针对当前尚无直接利用海图水深构建不规则三角网(triangulated irregular network,TIN)进行水下地形匹配定位的现状,提出了一种基于TIN模型的水下地形匹配定位算法。首先,在经典TERCOM(terrain contour matching)算法的基础上,设计基于TIN模型的匹配搜索区的确定方法;然后,给出待匹配航迹点的水深值计算公式;最后,构建目标匹配定位的地形相关组合算子,实现匹配定位。实验结果表明:(1)本文所提算法可以用海图的原始水深直接构TIN模型作为匹配基准图进行匹配定位,且其定位精度可明显高于基于规则格网模型的经典TERCOM算法;(2)新方法可以有效的降低误匹配的发生;(3)提出的MMD+MSD组合匹配算子能够一定程度上克服水深系统误差对定位精度的影响。 相似文献
10.
吕志刚 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2022,5(6):546-552
水下组合导航是 UUV 完成长航时水下自主航行和任务的技术保障和基础,而基于 INS/DVL/GPS 的组合导航是当前 UUV 的主流组合导航方式,可解决导航误差随时间积累的难题,满足 UUV 长航时水下航行的要求。介绍了水下组合导航系统的结构和组成以及关键技术,并详细论述了初始对准算法、纯惯性解算算法、组合导航算法、DVL 标定算法和校准算法。 相似文献
11.
Underwater Navigation Based on Real-Time Simultaneous Sound Speed Profile Correction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Precise sound speed profile (SSP) information is critical when using sonar for underwater terrain navigation. Nevertheless, acquiring SSP information in real-time is difficult, especially in underwater navigation environment. To account for this problem, this paper presents an underwater navigation method that applies real-time SSP correction to the terrain measurements. The method uses a probe to measure the surface sound speed simultaneously. Meanwhile, redundancy of topographic measurement data is exploited to derive the equivalent SSP information. The acquired equivalent SSP is updated continuously with particle filter algorithm. The terrain measurements can be corrected in real-time with the equivalent SSP to improve the performance of underwater terrain navigation. By removing the impact of inaccurate SSP from the terrain measurements, the proposed method can achieve precise and robust underwater navigation result without using an underway-profiling instrument. Simulated results confirm the good performance of the proposed method. 相似文献
12.
基于多波束测深的地形定位是水下潜器导航技术研究和发展的重点,多波束测深数据的高精度快速重采样是水下地形匹配定位的前提。传统的实时抽稀方法因对多波束测深数据模型的过分简化而效果欠佳。参考Douglas-Peucker算法和点云数据抽稀方法,采用角度-弦高联合准则对多波束每ping数据进行抽稀处理,参考导航地形图对抽稀后的多ping数据基于点云离散度进行二次抽稀处理,从而实现多波束测深数据的高精度快速抽稀处理。典型的数学仿真地形和实测多波束条带数据实验表明:文中提出的抽稀方法数据抽稀率仿真地形在85%以上,实测地形在90%以上,数据抽稀前后点云构成的曲面DEM误差在3%以内,并且算法实时性较好。 相似文献
13.
14.
《中国海洋工程》2015,(6)
To achieve accurate positioning of autonomous underwater vehicles, an appropriate underwater terrain database storage format for underwater terrain-matching positioning is established using multi-beam data as underwater terrainmatching data. An underwater terrain interpolation error compensation method based on fractional Brownian motion is proposed for defects of normal terrain interpolation, and an underwater terrain-matching positioning method based on least squares estimation(LSE) is proposed for correlation analysis of topographic features. The Fisher method is introduced as a secondary criterion for pseudo localization appearing in a topographic features flat area, effectively reducing the impact of pseudo positioning points on matching accuracy and improving the positioning accuracy of terrain flat areas. Simulation experiments based on electronic chart and multi-beam sea trial data show that drift errors of an inertial navigation system can be corrected effectively using the proposed method. The positioning accuracy and practicality are high, satisfying the requirement of underwater accurate positioning. 相似文献
15.
To achieve accurate positioning of autonomous underwater vehicles, an appropriate underwater terrain database storage format for underwater terrain-matching positioning is established using multi-beam data as underwater terrain-matching data. An underwater terrain interpolation error compensation method based on fractional Brownian motion is proposed for defects of normal terrain interpolation, and an underwater terrain-matching positioning method based on least squares estimation (LSE) is proposed for correlation analysis of topographic features. The Fisher method is introduced as a secondary criterion for pseudo localization appearing in a topographic features flat area, effectively reducing the impact of pseudo positioning points on matching accuracy and improving the positioning accuracy of terrain flat areas. Simulation experiments based on electronic chart and multi-beam sea trial data show that drift errors of an inertial navigation system can be corrected effectively using the proposed method. The positioning accuracy and practicality are high, satisfying the requirement of underwater accurate positioning. 相似文献
16.
多波束测深是一种广泛使用的水下地形探测方式。当前多波束数据处理技术日臻完善,但是多波束条带间自动匹配仍存在较多问题。针对水下复杂环境、多波束自动匹配效果不佳的问题,采用点云直方图 (point feature histograms,PFH)自动匹配算法,对条带点云进行自动匹配。因直方图所在的高维超空间为特征描述提供一类量化信息,对点云对应曲面的多维姿态具有鲁棒性和适用性。因此,在多波束自动匹配算法中采用PFH算法。实验数据由6205侧扫多波束测深系统获取,并对实验数据采用随机抽样一致算法(random sample consensus,RANSAC)进行定性定量分析,验证本文算法的优势,并分析相关不足。 相似文献
17.
随着导航技术的发展,个人移动导航系统成为人们关注的热点。本文介绍了一种基于MapX Mobile开发的个人移动导航系统,实现GPS信号的接收和处理、GPS信号点的地图匹配。通过对地图上导航点、线的设置,可以在PDA上准确、快速地进行自主导航。 相似文献