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1990年4月17日乌恰6.4级地震序列有以下特征:(1)主震型序列;(2)强余震前小地震震中向强余震的震中附近迁移;(3)余震频度衰减快;(4)余震在主震和最大余震之间活动;(5)较大余震存在“密集-平静-发震”的规律;(6)存在晚期较强余震。 相似文献
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本文基于补充遗漏地震事件后的地震目录和修正的大森公式,对2013年7月22日甘肃岷县漳县6.6级地震余震序列时间域衰减特征进行了分析.鉴于主震后短时间内目录遗漏的余震较多,首先利用岷县台连续地震记录波形的高频包络差,检测主震后3h内目录遗漏的地震.经检测在主震后3h内共发现目录遗漏的ML1.0以上地震139个,最大震级为ML3.6.主震后1000s内检测到遗漏地震69个,约为目录给出余震数量的6倍.而后使用补充遗漏地震的目录,基于修正的大森公式分别拟合余震频度和余震地震矩随时间的变化.结果显示拟合p值约为1.07,表明岷县漳县地震余震序列衰减速率与全球平均水平接近,而未补充遗漏地震的频度拟合会造成余震序列衰减速率的低估.利用高频包络差直接计算地震频度曲线,通过三种衰减模式对地震频度曲线拟合参数比较,未观察到岷县漳县地震主震后存在早期余震缺失现象.分析认为,加入遗漏地震可以提高余震频度拟合估计衰减速率结果的准确度和精度,若缺少遗漏地震检测结果,则使用地震矩拟合所得衰减速率结果准确度较优,但需充分考虑其精度上的误差.在分析余震序列衰减特征的实际研究工作中,需根据地震目录完整性选择适当的拟合方法. 相似文献
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山东角07井注水诱发地震序列的时间分布特征 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对1985年12月28日山东省胜利油田角07井注水诱发地震序列的时序分析表明,该序列具有密集一平静相间的丛发特征;其地震频度随时间衰减,可由n(t)=1.46t~(-1.08)来表征;而最大地震之后较大地震的“等待时向’’Δt与它的发生时间t符合1g△t=0.9131gt—0.037关系。这与我国许多浅源地震序列的时间分布特点类似,本文就此进行了初步讨论。 相似文献
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全球8级地震序列特征研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
研究地震序列的统计特征,是进行震后地震趋势分析的基础工作之一.通过利用美国国家地震信息中心(NEIC)提供的全球地震目录资料,对1975年以来全球36次8级地震序列进行了研究,重点讨论了震后最大余震强度水平估计问题;并按板内、板缘地震和震源机制类型进行了分类研究.结果表明,不论是在强度(最大余震水平)上,还是在频度(5～6级中强余震频度)上,板内地震与板缘地震存在显著差异:板内地震的最大余震强度和5～6级中强余震活动频度均明显低于板缘地震的;而按震源机制类型分类,这种差异不显著. 相似文献
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1995年9月20日山东省苍山5·2级地震 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文着重概述了１９９５年９月２０日苍山５．２级地震序列具有应变能和频度呈正常衰减、衰减系数ｈ值高、ｂ值正常波动等特征；阐述了震后早期在现场判断其为主震—余震型序列的基本依据，探讨了孕震环境机制和地震的动力问题。 相似文献
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南迦巴瓦地震台网完整地记录了米林M6.9地震发生的全过程.本文利用南迦巴瓦地震台网的连续波形数据对米林地震序列进行了研究.南迦巴瓦台网的定位结果显示,米林主震位于29.89°N,95.04°E,震源深度为16.7km,余震序列呈NW向展布,分布在南迦巴瓦峰和加拉白垒峰连线的东北部靠近帕隆—旁辛断裂.经计算,本次地震的h值为1.26,b值为0.84,综合序列衰减情况分析,本次地震属于主震—余震型地震.米林地震前,南迦巴瓦峰地区地震活动表现出明显的时间不均匀性,自研究区1992年ML6.2地震以来,研究区每12年左右发生一次ML6.0级以上地震,2017年至米林地震前,研究区6月前与6月后的地震活动差异很大,6月后的地震活动在频度上要明显强于6月前.空间分布上,米林地震震中附近为研究区地震活动性最强的区域,属于雅鲁藏布江断裂和帕隆—旁辛断裂交汇区域. 相似文献
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利用《中国地震动参数区划图》采用的地震动参数衰减关系,以及《中国地震动参数区划图》中地震动峰值加速度和地震动加速度反应谱特征周期反推不同设防烈度和设计地震分组对应的震级和震中距,再根据《建筑抗震设计规范》中各设防水准的峰值加速度确定对应的震级和震中距,进而根据地震动强度包线参数与震级和震中距关系计算地震动强度包线参数的取值,为基于强度包线函数生成人工地震动提供参考,并讨论强度包线参数的取值规律：(1)随着设防烈度的提高,加速度时程曲线上升段持续时间t1和平稳段持续时间ts减小,下降段衰减指数c增大;(2)随着地震水准和设计地震分组的提高,加速度时程曲线上升段持续时间t1和平稳段持续时间ts增加,下降段衰减指数c减小;(3)在生成人工地震动时,除考虑峰值加速度和设计地震分组影响外,还需要考虑设防烈度影响。 相似文献
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On the basis of about 300 earthquake wave forms observed in the Shidian M
S=5.9 sequences on April 12, 2001 recorded in Kunming Digital Seismic Network, the spectra of shear wave have been used to
estimate the focal parameters of these earthquake sequences. The results show that within the magnitude range of 1.5–5.3,
the seismic moments are 1010–1016 N·m, the corner frequencies are 0.2–0.8 Hz, radii of the focal rupture are 200–2 500 m and the stress drops are 0.1×105–20×105Pa. Through the statistical analyses of variation of corner frequency f
c and stress drop Δσ with time, it is discovered that the average corner frequency of the foreshock sequences is obviously
lower than that of the aftershock sequences. Contrarily, the average stress drops Δσ of the foreshock sequences are clearly
higher than that of the aftershocks. It is considered that these variation characteristics of average corner frequency and
stress drops before and after the main shock have index significance to the precursory information before a strong earthquake.
The higher stress drops for the foreshock sequences show that the higher shear stresses have been stored in the area of main
shock. After the main shock, most of the stresses have been released, so the aftershock sequences show a rupture process of
lower stresses.
Foundation item: Scientific and Technological Key Project of Yunnan Province (2001NG46) 相似文献
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Anomalous high frequency PKKPBC signals (displaying a large amount of energy around 2.5 Hz), recorded globally for deep and intermediate depth earthquakes,
are compared to PKKPAB signals. The attenuation difference
t\textAB* - t\textBC* t_{\text{AB}}^{*} - t_{\text{BC}}^{*} is evaluated from spectral amplitudes in the range 96–111°, being approximately twice the results provided by full-wave theory
and PREM (with no low Qμ zone in the lowermost mantle and a nearly infinite QK in the outer core). Most ray paths for such recordings are piercing the D″ region in the proximity of regions where ultra-low
velocity zones (ULVZ) have been previously reported beneath the North Atlantic Ocean, the Southwest Pacific and the southwestern
part of South America. If BC amplitudes around 2.5 Hz and at low frequencies (0.5–1.5 Hz) are comparable, the observed attenuation
difference (in the frequency range 0.2–2.5 Hz) is small (around 0.25 s) and close to the PREM value. The particle motion of
the high-frequency PKKPBC at 2.5 Hz is quite similar to that of the raw recording, suggesting a deep source. An explanation for this might be scattering
of the BC branch in some very restricted areas of the lowermost mantle. Alternately, the presence of a thin layer with high
attenuation in the D″ region would most likely be associated with either the ultra-low velocity zone (ULVZ) or light sediments
on the underside of the core-mantle boundary (CMB). Correlated to other methods to investigate the lowermost mantle, the high-frequency
PKKPBC can be used to map lateral variations of attenuation above the CMB, possibly associated with the boundary of the superplumes,
especially when PKKPAB is observed. 相似文献
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Empirical scaling equations for Fourier amplitude spectra of strong ground motion are used to describe A0 and τ in the assumed (high-frequency) shape of strong motion amplitudes: FS(φ) = A0e-πτφ. The res of computed A0 and τ with other related estimates of spectral amplitudes; (2) smooth decay of strong motion spectral amplitudes up to φ = 25 Hz, without an abrupt low-pass filtering of high frequecies; and (3) good agreement with other estimates of the regionally specific attenuation of high-frequncy seismic waves.As the recorded strong earthquake shaking in the western United States typically samples only the shallow (10 km) and local (100km) characteristics of wave attenuation, the processed strong motion accelerograms can be used as the most direct means of describing the nature of the high-frequency attenuation of the entire strong motion signal for use in earthquake engineering applications. Seismological body wave, Lg and coda wave estimates of Q sample different volumes of the crust surrounding the station, and involve different paths of the waves. These differences must be carefully documented and understood before the results can be used in earthquake engineering characterization of strong motion amplitudes. 相似文献
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利用山东台网记录的长岛震群2017年2月14日—9月1日期间的波形与震相资料研究长岛地区非弹性衰减系数,得到该地区介质平均Q值与频率f的关系式为Q(f)=363.9f1.374 1。采用Moya等[1]提出的利用遗传算法联合反演得到长岛周边台站的场地响应,根据Brune模型震源参数计算公式求解长岛震群序列地震震源参数。结果显示,各个震源参数之间均存在一定的相关关系,地震矩随ML震级的增大而增加,地震矩与破裂半径R之间存在半对数关系,拐角频率fc随地震矩的增大而减少;长岛地震序列的应力降数值普遍偏小,最大不超过0.9MPa,这意味着长岛震源区整体构造应力较低,也可能指示长岛震群为低摩擦应力的断层作用;震源参数随时间的变化方面,整体而言,长岛震群地震应力降变化起伏很大,在M4.1地震发生前,拐角频率与应力降均发生快速下降后随即翻转上升的现象,证明在M4.1地震发生前震源区整体应力的挤压逐渐增强。 相似文献
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Aki (1969) first modeled coda waves of a local earthquake as a superposition of scattered surface waves. This paper attempts
to clarify the constituents of surface-wave coda at long periods at very long lapse times. For a large earthquake of magnitude
7 or larger, vertical component oscillation in periods from 90 to 180 s persists for more than 20 hours from the earthquake
origin time. Although the early portion of the coda envelope is successfully modeled by assuming incoherent scattered Rayleigh
waves by heterogeneities distributed all over the Earth, the later potion of the observed coda envelope (roughly later than
35,000 s) has systematically larger amplitude than theoretical prediction. To clarify the cause of this discrepancy, we studied
the constituents of vertical-component seismograms of three large earthquakes recorded by the F-net in Japan using the f-k power spectral analysis. We found that the direct and scattered fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves of velocity about 3.7 km/s
are dominant in the earlier part of each envelope. It justifies the use of a scattering model of the fundamental Rayleigh
waves for synthesizing the envelope. At lapse times later than 20,000 s–35,000 s, higher modes with phase velocities around
20 km/s become dominant. The transition time to the dominance of higher modes is found to become earlier for a deeper focus
earthquake. The small coda attenuation factor from (1.90±0.23) × 10−3 to (2.38±0.32) × 10−3 estimated from later coda envelopes recorded at IRIS stations distributed worldwide also agrees with the attenuation factor
of spheroidal modes according to PREM. We may interpret that higher mode waves are uniformly distributed at large lapse time
due to large velocity dispersion and/or scattering and they dominate over the fundamental mode waves because of smaller attenuation
in the lower mantle. The coda attenuation measurement proposed by Aki is found to be useful even for long periods and at very
large lapse times. 相似文献
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利用青海地震烈度衰减模型和基于断层最短距离的地震动参数衰减模型对青海玛多7.4级地震的烈度分布进行快速评估,将评估结果与实际烈度图对比分析。研究结果表明:两种模型可以在地震正式速报后1分钟内得到地震烈度分布的快速评估结果,时效性强,可以在最短的时间内为应急指挥和救援工作提供参考;青海地震烈度衰减模型计算结果比较理想化,在大致范围上有一定的参考性,但在重灾区范围上与此次实际结果存在偏差;基于断层最短距离的地震动参数衰减模型的PGV-v_(S30)计算结果较青海地震烈度衰减模型更为精细,在高烈度区的评估中具有较好的实际应用价值;相较于冉洪流等研究的地表破裂与震级的经验关系,Wells等研究的经验关系在本次地震中的适用性更好。文章研究结果在此次实际地震应急响应中进行了应用,为政府应急指挥决策和应急救援提供了重要数据支撑。 相似文献
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The “earthquake nucleation” is discussed in this paper. The acceleration is a property of the nucleation phase and is a necessary
condition of earthquake instability too. If the acceleration property of this nucleating process is described by the equation
dΘ/dt=C/(t
f−t)
n
, the process can be summarized briefly that the rate of cumulative seismic release is proportional to the inverse power of
the remaining time to failure. Based on this principle, the foreshock sequence of the 1975 Haicheng earthquake withM
S7.3, was analysed backward. It is stated clearly that the time-to-failure and magnitude of the mainshock can be predicted
successfully if the coefficientr
2 attains to the maximum. In the estimation of mainshock time, the error can generally be less than, or far less than, one-half
the remaining time between the time of the last used data point and the mainshock.
Contribution No. 95A0024, Institute of Geophysics, SSB, China.
This study is the "Eighth-Five" contract project ofSSB. 相似文献