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1.
半地转近似下的非线性波 总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1
本文应用半地转的概念分析和求解了正压和斜压的大气运动。指出:(1)在水平无辐散或准地转条件下求单波解无法表现非线性作用的困难,可以应用半地转的假定来解决。为了避开上述困难,不得已仅保留部分非线性项,但为了准确表征大尺度运动,最好应用半地转假定,保留全部非线性项。(2)准地转的假定可以滤去快速波动,半地转的假定同样也可以滤去快速波动,而且半地转条件下的Rossby波具有充分的非线性特征。所以,它为讨论非线性问题提供了一个途径。 相似文献
2.
In this paper,the semi-geostrophic approximation (or the geostrophic momentum approximation)isused for analyzing and solving the barotropic and baroclinic atmospheric motions.It is shown that thehorizontal nondivergent or quasi-geostrophic approximations cannot reflect the nonliner effect.However,the semi-geostrophic approximation not only filter out the inertia-gravity waves as the quasi-geostrophicapproximation,but also find the solution to the nonlinear equations.The Rossby waves obtained by thesemi-geostrophic approximation possess the nonlinear characteristics.Therefore the semi-geostrophic approx-imation provides a way to discuss the nonlinear problem. 相似文献
3.
In this paper,by using the simplified hydrodynamic equations of barotropic nondivergent atmosphere incylindrial coordinates,the nondispersion cnoidal wave solution of spiral planetary waves is discovered.The formulas of wave speed and the diagnostic relationships between wave parameters are obtained,mostof which are consistent with observed facts.It might mean that the nondispersion cnoidal wave does existin the real atmosphere.At least it might be a first approximation to the actual nonlinear wave. 相似文献
4.
In this paper,starting with the nonlinear equations of atmospheric motion and using a relatively simple method,we have obtained the periodic solutions to the nonlinear inertia waves,internal gravity waves and Rossby waves.These solutions represent the characteristics of nonlinear waves in the atmosphere.A preliminary analysis reveals that as for the inertia waves and internal gravity waves with finite amplitudes, the larger the amplitudes are,the faster the waves propagate,but for the Rossby waves with finite amplitudes,the larger the amplitudes and wavelengths are,the slower the waves move.The practical senses of the solutions are also discussed in this paper. This paper gives a new way to study the nonlinear waves.This result has certain significance for the weather forecasting and the study of atmospheric turbulence. 相似文献
5.
Solitary waves of two-layer quasi-geostrophic flow and analytical solutions with scalar nonlinearity
In this paper we investigate the instability of two-layer quasi-geostrophic model with scalar nonlinearity, which is a geophysical fluid dynamics model, and give a nonlinear stability criterion. Furthermore, the analytical solutions of the two-layer quasi-geostrophic model are obtained via the Jacobi elliptic periodic function transform method and symbolic computation. It is efficient in solving a range classes of nonlinear partial differential equations for this method. The result shows that the structure of Rossby waves is influenced by many factors such as base flow and scalar nonlinearity. 相似文献
6.
Nonlinear waves in barotropic model 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In this paper, from the system of equation describing a barotropic atmosphere using the method of Taylor expansion for the nonlinear terms, the periodic solutions of the nonlinear inertio-surface gravity waves and Rossby waves have been obtained.The finite-amplitude nonlinear inertio-surface gravity waves and Rossby waves with horizontal divergence satisfy all the KdV equation. The solutions are all the cnoidal function, i, e, the cnoidal waves which in-clude the linear waves and form the solitary waves under certain conditions. For the finite-amplitude Rossby waves with horizontal divergence, we find the new dispersive relation including both the wave number and the amplitude parameter. In case of small amplitude it is reduced to the Yeh formula. It is shown that the larger the amplitude and width, the faster the finite-amplitude inertio-surface gravity waves and the slower the finite-amplitude Rossby waves with horizontal divergence propagate. The blocking or cut-off system in which the amplitude and width are large may be considered as Rossby solitary waves. 相似文献
7.
A two-layer quasi-geostrophic baroclinic model in a narrow, longitudinally periodic channel on a β-plane is used, which involves near-resonant thermal forcing, frictional dissipation and a uniformly sheared basic current. By means of the multi-scale technique, a system of simplified differential equations or disturbances due to the steady thermal-forcing waves projected on the X-T plane is derived, which contains the nonlinear interactions between forced waves and free waves. The asymptotic solutions of the equilibrium states of these equations are analytically obtained by a singular perturbation method. The results show that these mul-tiple equilibrium state (MES) solutions can exist in a wide range of the parameters used. 相似文献
8.
何建中 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1993,(1)
Under semi-geostrophic approximation the nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained for the motion inthe barotropic and baroclinic atmospheres with the effects of zonal shear basic flow and topographic forcing included.Two constraints are acquired of finite-amplitude periodic and solitary waves in the original model with the aid of thephase-plane geometric qualitative theory of a dynamic system defined by the differential equation.The explicit solutionof the nonlinear waves is found by means of the approximation method and some significant results are achieved. 相似文献
9.
He Jianzhong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1993,7(1):90-100
Under semi-geostrophic approximation the nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained for the motion in the barotropic and baroclinic atmospheres with the effects of zonal shear basic flow and topographic forcing included.Two constraints are acquired of finite-amplitude periodic and solitary waves in the original model with the aid of the phase-plane geometric qualitative theory of a dynamic system defined by the differential equation.The explicit solution of the nonlinear waves is found by means of the approximation method and some significant results are achieved. 相似文献
10.
对称不稳定的非线性问题和对称型重力惯性波的非线性周期解 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文利用密度的空间分布不均匀性引入非线性项，从准动量无辐散模式出发导出了一个自治的二阶非线性系统，应用这个系统讨论了非线性项对对称不稳定以及对称型重力惯性波非线性周期解的作用。从本系统的一次近似系统可得到类似Hoskins于1974年得到的结论，同样可导出对称不稳定的位涡判据。由于本系统是一有限次的非线性系统，故应用Poincare形式级数法可证明非线性周期解的存在性，并可求得周期解的一系列近似解。 相似文献
11.
本文利用地转动量近似＾「１」并结合行波解的方法,研究了均匀基本气流中的层结大气非线性波动,首先由绝热无磨擦的闭合方程组导得关于垂直Ｐ速度的单一变量的非线性方程,然后讨论了非线性方程解的稳定性,并求得近似的非线性方程的椭圆余弦波和孤立波解及其存在条件。 相似文献
12.
Interaction equations of two nonlinear gravitational waves in baroclinic atmosphere are presented via multi-scale perturbation method,which can be classified into coupling nonlinear Schrodinger equations.In particular,the interaction course of two nonlinear gravitational waves of basic flow in vertical linear and quadratic shear is illustrated.Numerical calculation displays that wave amplitude enlarges and wave width narrows when two solitary gravitational waves meet and chase;that basic flow with single shear is more beneficial than that with quadratic shear to the interaction of two nonlinear wave packets;and that the interaction of two wave packets makes wave shape change more greatly and energy more dispersive,which contributes to the occurrence of changeable weather.Therefore,one of the probable mechanisms for the appearance of strong convection weather is the interaction between mesoscale nonlinear gravitational waves. 相似文献
13.
Lu Weisong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1989,3(1):90-97
Based on a non-frictional and non-divergent nonlinear barotropic vorticity equation and its solutions oftravelling waves,the criteria for linear and nonlinear barotropic instability are gained respectively at an equilibriumpoint of the equation on a phase plane.The linear and nonlinear analytical solutions to instability waves arealso found.The computational results show that if their amplitudes are equal at the initial time,the amplitudeincrements of nonlinear instable barotropic wave are always less than those of linear instable barotropic wave.The nonlinear effects can slow down the exponential growth of linear instability.The time needed for makingthe amplitude double that of initial time by instabilities,is about 6h for linear instability and about 18h fornonlinear instability,the latter is in agreement with the observations in the real atmosphere. 相似文献
14.
An ensemble of random-phase internal gravity waves is considered in the dynamical framework of the Euler–Boussinesq equations. For flows with zero mean potential vorticity, a kinetic equation for the mean spectral energy density of the waves is obtained under hypothesis of Gaussian statistics with zero correlation length. Stationary scaling solutions of this equation are found for almost vertically propagating waves. The resulting spectra are anisotropic in vertical and horizontal wave numbers. For flows with small but non-zero mean potential vorticity, under the same statistical hypothesis applied to the wave part of the flow, it is shown that the vortex part and the wave part decouple. The vortex part obeys a limiting slow dynamics equation exhibiting vertical collapse and layering which may contaminate the wave-part spectra. Relation of these results to the in situ atmospheric measurements and previous work on oceanic gravity waves is discussed. 相似文献
15.
1. IntroductionIn the mid--high latitudes, l' blocking flow" is an importaht part of the low--frequency variability of the atmospheric circulation. Owing to its longevity and large amplitude, a blocking flow configuration can usually cause prolonged anomalous weather situations over certain extratropical regions. Therefore, it has been a primary interest of many synoptic anddynamical meteorologists. In the past decades, the interaction of planetary waves with migratory, synoptic--scale waves h… 相似文献
16.
Summary Nonlinear waves in a stratified atmosphere with basic uniform flow are studied by adopting geostrophic momentum approximation
(cf. Hoskins, 1975) and the method of travelling wave solution. A nonlinear equation containing a unique variable of vertical
p velocity is derived from a complete system of equations considering frictionless and adiabatic fluid. The stability of the
solution for the nonlinear equation is discussed then. Furthermore, the approximate cnoidal wave solution, solitary wave solution
and their existence condition are obtained.
Received July 8, 1998 Revised December 1, 1998 相似文献
17.
大气非线性波动方程的解 总被引：3，自引：5，他引：3
本文从非线性大气运动方程出发,用比较简洁的方法,求得了大气非线性惯性波、非线性重力内波和非线性Rossby波的周期解,这些解反映了非线性大气波动的特色。分析指出:对有限振幅的惯性波和重力内波,振幅大的波传播越快,而有限振福的非线性Rossby波,振幅大、波长长的波传播越慢;本文还分析了这些解的某些可能的实际意义。 这些非线性波的研究提供了解非线性方程的新的途径,而且,它可以与大家熟悉的线性波动进行比较。对于天气预报和大气湍流的研究都有一定的意义。 相似文献
18.
纬向切变基流中的非线性正压Rossby波 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在半地转近似下，用相角函数方法得到了包含纬向基流及其切变的非线性常微分方程。利用常微分方程解的拓扑性质的定性理论，直接得到该方程存在有限振幅的周期波解与孤立波解即非线性正压Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波解存在的条件，由此分析了纬向切变基流对波解存在的影响。最后利用函数逼近法求得了非线性正压Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波解的显式表达式。结果表明，纬向切变基流对波的影响不仅表现在波的存在方面，而且还表现在波的形态方面，反映了波的非线性特点和基流对波动的作用。 相似文献
19.
本文将柱坐标中正压无辐散大气的运动方程组作适当简化后,求出了螺旋行星波的非频散椭圆余弦波解,并得到了波速公式及波参数间的一些诊断关系。这些关系绝大多数与观测事实相一致,故在大气中这种非频散的椭圆余弦波可能是真实存在的。或者可作为真实的非线性波动的第一近似。 相似文献