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乌鲁木齐市2条隐伏活动断裂分布与活动性及其对建(构)筑物的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
在乌鲁木齐市地震安全性评价工作中对分布的八钢—石化及乌鲁木齐河2条活动断裂进行了浅层地震勘探、断层气体地球化学探测与甚低频电磁勘测,并对隐伏活动断裂的分布、产状、活动性、活动时代及其对横跨其上的建(构)筑物的影响进行了分析和评价。结果表明八钢—石化隐伏活动断裂主断面南倾,倾角为75°～85°,切错了下更新统—中更新统,为中更新世晚期活动断裂;乌鲁木齐河隐伏活动断裂主断面西倾,倾角为70°,具正断层性质,切错了晚更新世与TL地质年龄为11
150±880 a的卵砾石层,垂直活动速率为0.13 mm/a,为全新世早期活动断裂。这2条活动断裂对横垮其上方的建(构)筑物及工程的安全与稳定均有影响。 相似文献
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以跨谢通门—青都断裂的两条高密度电阻率法探测资料为基础, 对高密度电阻率法在青藏高原日喀则地区隐伏断裂探测中的首次应用进行了详细介绍． 所获取的高密度电法剖面显示, 该断层的电阻率异常特征清晰, 其上断点埋深可达20—30 m, 较浅层人工地震探测所揭示的断层上断点埋深(50 m)更浅, 结合地层年代资料推测该断裂的最新活动时期为早—中更新世． 探测结果表明: 高密度电法剖面清晰地显示了断层在浅部松散层的延伸, 适用于日喀则地区的隐伏断层探测; 相较于浅层人工地震探测, 该方法对浅部松散层的探测具有明显优势, 一定条件下能够更好地揭示断层上断点埋深, 可与浅层人工地震探测形成互补． 需要指出的是, 在应用中需重视测区水文地质及地层发育情况对探测的影响． 相似文献
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已有资料显示上蔡岗断裂为隐伏逆断层,为研究上蔡岗断裂浅部构造特征,笔者跨断裂开展高分辨率浅层地震探测,获得4条高分辨率浅层地震剖面。本文根据高分辨率浅层地震剖面,并结合已有地质资料,对上蔡岗断裂浅部特征进行分析和讨论。研究结果表明:上蔡岗断裂为1条走向北北西、倾向北东东的逆断层,在岗地中部存在1条次级断层,与主断层呈反y形构造,与岗地地表形态基本一致。研究结果可为驻马店市地震危险性评价及城市规划提供地质和地球物理学依据。 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐城市活断层发震构造模型初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
根据地表活断层资料、深地震反射剖面资料、石油地震剖面资料、流动地震观测和小震精确定位资料,通过与北天山山前典型发震构造的对比及逆断裂-褶皱与推覆构造的基本结构特征,初步建立了乌鲁木齐目标区发震构造模型。乌鲁木齐目标区可分为2个主要的地震构造,它们均是逆冲推覆构造。西侧为北天山山前逆冲推覆构造,由根部逆断裂、中部滑脱面和前缘挤压褶皱隆起带组成,根部逆断裂及前缘挤压褶皱带上发育全新世活断层,滑脱构造具有自南向北扩展的特点,未来的7级强震可能发生在根部断裂附近,而前缘挤压褶皱隆起构造,即西山隆起及其相伴生的西山断层和王家沟断层组、九家湾断层组,不具备发生大于6.5级地震的条件。东侧为博格达弧形推覆构造的西翼,其发震构造也由根部逆断层、中部滑脱层和前缘挤压褶皱隆起带组成,推覆构造具有自南向北扩展的特点。现今的推覆体前缘为阜康南断裂和古牧地背斜。该推覆构造带内部的雅玛里克断层、白杨南沟断层、碗窑沟断层和八钢-石化断裂,不是全新世活动断层,不具备发生大于6.5级地震的条件。 相似文献
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秦岭北缘断裂带是渭河盆地南缘重要的活动构造,含有多条分支断层,其中近EW向的桃川-户县断层位于该断裂带的北侧,其东段隐伏于渭河盆地内。已有研究对该断层隐伏段的中段开展了浅层人工地震勘探,并推断其为正断兼走滑运动性质的晚更新世活动断层,但未能确定断层最晚活动的年代与活动速率。文中通过开展新的浅层地震勘探和钻孔联合剖面探测,进一步研究了桃川-户县断层西段(太白盆地段)与东段(渭河盆地隐伏段)的浅部结构构造和几何展布、第四纪活动的最晚时代及活动速率。探测剖面揭示出桃川-户县断层的西段可向W延伸至少20km至太白盆地,而东段自眉县起延入渭河盆地,经周至、户县,隐伏于渭河盆地第四系中。断层西段在太白盆地断错早第四系及下伏结晶基底,控制了太白盆地南缘,其N倾的正断作用断错第四系约300m,断层带内保留老的逆冲构造残余。断层东段(渭河盆地隐伏段)在周至和户县附近的主断面倾向N,断层带分别表现为宽约6km的断陷带和宽约4km的阶梯状构造带,断错了上更新统顶界;在渭河盆地南缘,断层断错全新统标志层黑垆土S0,垂直断距为4～5m,对应的全新世活动速率为0.4～1.3mm/a。综合浅层... 相似文献
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浅层地震勘探资料地质解释过程中值得重视的问题 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5
浅层地震勘探是第四系覆盖区隐伏断层活动性研究常用的手段,叠加剖面上反射波组的分叉、合并、弯曲、中断、尖灭等被用作判断断层存在的重要标志。松花江北的吕刚屯、巨宝屯浅层地震叠加剖面上,T0为下更新统砂砾石层等松散堆积和白垩系砂岩、泥岩的分界面,反射波组清晰。T0-1波组为砂砾石层和黏土层、或砂砾石层和粉细砂层的反射界面,反射波组振幅大,能量强。根据地震反射剖面和测线上的钻孔资料,认为阿什河断层错断了下更新统下段,滨州断层错断了上更新统下段。而通过建立高精度的钻探联合地质剖面、地层年代测试和地层对比,确认阿什河断层没有错断第四系,滨州断层错断了下更新统下段。最后,从第四系的岩性、厚度变化等解释了浅层地震叠加剖面上反射波组的中断、弯曲并非断层活动的结果,而是由第四纪地层相变引起的 相似文献
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《地震地质》2016,(4)
已有资料表明包头断裂呈NE走向隐伏展布于河套断陷带内次级盆地白彦花凹陷的东边界,目前关于该断裂的活动性资料尚需补充。鉴于包头断裂发育于由乌拉山山前断裂带和大青山山前断裂带组成的传递斜坡内部,研究其活动性不仅有助于深入讨论相邻活动断裂带的连接方式及活动响应,还可为更全面地认识河套断陷带的地震构造特征提供资料。控制性浅层地震勘探和钻孔联合剖面综合探测是当前研究隐伏断裂活动性非常有效的方法之一。跨包头断裂的浅层人工地震纵波反射剖面显示该断裂为倾向NW的正断层,深度约75m处的强反射层(Tg)位错量约为25m;在此基础上实施的联合钻探结果进一步揭示了该断裂具有明显的生长断层特征,其上断点止于地层顶部埋深45.6m的早更新世棕红色黏土层中,上覆上更新统与其为平行不整合接触。包头断裂属于早更新世断裂。 相似文献
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狮子沟断裂位于柴达木盆地西南缘英雄岭背斜南翼。对狮子沟断裂晚第四纪构造变形进行分析,有助于理解该区长期的构造演化和地震地质灾害的评价。通过对该断裂带构造地貌调查、断层剖面和探槽研究,得到以下认识:狮子沟断裂是一条向SW方向逆冲的全新世活动断裂,断裂的逆冲活动一部分沿着山前分支断层,该分支错断了全新世早中期的冲洪相地层,晚更新世中期以来的最小垂直活动速率为0.12~0.15 mm/a;另一部分沿着盆地内隐伏分支断层活动,形成次级褶皱隆起,最近主要的一期构造活动发生在(97.93±7.98)~(59.43±3.42)ka间。这些晚第四纪构造变形单元分布在基岩山前以南约750 m的范围内,因此,在该区进行地震地质灾害评价时应考虑此类构造变形。 相似文献
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托斯台逆断裂-褶皱带晚第四纪活动特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
托斯台逆断裂-褶皱带位于乌鲁木齐山前坳陷的西部,为近东西向展布的新生代逆断裂．背斜带。它主要由北单斜带、中部背斜带和南单斜带3个构造带组成,在各构造带均发育逆活动断裂。地震勘探资料显示,南单斜带与中部背斜带为滑脱体,逆断裂在深部沿滑脱面与清水河子深断裂相汇。研究表明,北单斜带与中部背斜带逆断裂断错了晚更新世堆积物,在晚更新世有显著的活动;南单斜带逆断裂断错了全新世堆积物,在全新世时期有最新活动。中部背斜带逆断裂晚更新世以来水平缩短速率为0．6～1．3mm／a;南单斜逆断裂全新世水平缩短速率为0．2～0．6mm／a。 相似文献
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南天山及塔里木北缘构造带位于帕米尔地区东北侧,地震活动强烈。文中通过地质构造剖面、深部探测资料和地震震源机制解资料,综合研究了该区的地震构造模型。结果认为,该区的构造活动主要表现为天山地块逆冲于塔里木地块之上。天山构造系统包括迈丹断裂及其前缘推覆构造;塔里木构造系统包括深部的塔里木北缘断裂、基底共轭断层和浅部的推覆构造。塔里木北缘断裂是发育于塔里木地壳内部的高角度断裂,其形成原因在于塔里木和天山构造变形方向的差异。塔里木北缘断裂为研究区大地震的主要发震构造,天山推覆构造和塔里木基底断裂系统均具有不同性质的中强地震发震能力 相似文献
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A strong earthquake with magnitude MS6.2 hit Hutubi, Xinjiang at 13:15:03 on December 8th, 2016(Beijing Time). In order to better understand its mechanism, we performed centroid moment tensor inversion using the broadband waveform data recorded at stations from the Xinjiang regional seismic network by employing gCAP method. The best double couple solution of the MS6.2 mainshock on December 8th, 2016 estimated from local and near-regional waveforms is strike:271°, dip:64ånd rake:90° for nodal plane I, and strike:91°, dip:26ånd rake:90°for nodal plane Ⅱ; the centroid depth is about 21km and the moment magnitude(MW)is 5.9. ISO, CLVD and DC, the full moment tensor, of the earthquake accounted for 0.049%, 0.156% and 99.795%, respectively. The share of non-double couple component is merely 0.205%. This indicates that the earthquake is of double-couple fault mode, a typical tectonic earthquake featuring a thrust-type earthquake of squeezing property.The double difference(HypoDD)technique provided good opportunities for a comparative study of spatio-temporal properties and evolution of the aftershock sequences, and the earthquake relocation was done using HypoDD method. 486 aftershocks are relocated accurately and 327 events are obtained, whose residual of the RMS is 0.19, and the standard deviations along the direction of longitude, latitude and depth are 0.57km, 0.6km and 1.07km respectively. The result reveals that the aftershocks sequence is mainly distributed along the southern marginal fault of the Junggar Basin, extending about 35km to the NWW direction as a whole; the focal depths are above 20km for most of earthquakes, while the main shock and the biggest aftershock are deeper than others. The depth profile shows a relatively steep dip angle of the seismogenic fault plane, and the aftershocks dipping northward. Based on the spatial and temporal distribution features of the aftershocks, it is considered that the seismogenic fault plane may be the nodal plane I and the dip angle is about 271°. The structure of the Hutubi earthquake area is extremely complicated. The existing geological structure research results show that the combination zone between the northern Tianshan and the Junggar Basin presents typical intracontinental active tectonic features. There are numerous thrust fold structures, which are characterized by anticlines and reverse faults parallel to the mountains formed during the multi-stage Cenozoic period. The structural deformation shows the deformation characteristics of longitudinal zoning, lateral segmentation and vertical stratification. The ground geological survey and the tectonic interpretation of the seismic data show that the recoil faults are developed near the source area of the Hutubi earthquake, and the recoil faults related to the anticline are all blind thrust faults. The deep reflection seismic profile shows that there are several listric reverse faults dipping southward near the study area, corresponding to the active hidden reverse faults; At the leading edge of the nappe, there are complex fault and fold structures, which, in this area, are the compressional triangular zone, tilted structure and northward bedding backthrust formation. Integrating with geological survey and seismic deep soundings, the seismogenic fault of the MS6.2 earthquake is classified as a typical blind reverse fault with the opposite direction close to the southern marginal fault of the Junggar Basin, which is caused by the fact that the main fault is reversed by a strong push to the front during the process of thrust slip. Moreover, the Manas earthquake in 1906 also occurred near the southern marginal fault in Junggar, and the seismogenic mechanism was a blind fault. This suggests that there are some hidden thrust fault systems in the piedmont area of the northern Tianshan Mountains. These faults are controlled by active faults in the deep and contain multiple sets of active faults. 相似文献
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Tianshan is one of the longest and most active intracontinental orogenic belts in the world. Due to the collision between Indian and Eurasian plates since Cenozoic, the Tianshan has been suffering from intense compression, shortening and uplifting. With the continuous extension of deformation to the foreland direction, a series of active reverse fault fold belts have been formed. The Xihu anticline is the fourth row of active fold reverse fault zone on the leading edge of the north Tianshan foreland basin. For the north Tianshan Mountains, predecessors have carried out a lot of research on the activity of the second and third rows of the active fold-reverse faults, and achieved fruitful results. But there is no systematic study on the Quaternary activities of the Xihu anticline zone. How is the structural belt distributed in space?What are the geometric and kinematic characteristics?What are the fold types and growth mechanism?How does the deformation amount and characteristics of anticline change?In view of these problems, we chose Xihu anticline as the research object. Through the analysis of surface geology, topography and geomorphology and the interpretation of seismic reflection profile across the anticline, we studied the geometry, kinematic characteristics, fold type and growth mechanism of the structural belt, and calculated the shortening, uplift and interlayer strain of the anticline by area depth strain analysis.
In this paper, by interpreting the five seismic reflection profiles across the anticline belt, and combining the characteristics of surface geology and geomorphology, we studied the types, growth mechanism, geometry and kinematics characteristics, and deformation amount of the fold. The deformation length of Xihu anticline is more than 47km from west to east, in which the hidden length is more than 14km. The maximum deformation width of the exposed area is 8.5km. The Xihu anticline is characterized by small surface deformation, simple structural style and symmetrical occurrence. The interpretation of seismic reflection profile shows that the deep structural style of the anticline is relatively complex. In addition to the continuous development of a series of secondary faults in the interior of Xihu anticline, an anticline with small deformation amplitude(Xihubei anticline)is continuously developed in the north of Xihu anticline. The terrain high point of Xihu anticline is located about 12km west of Kuitun River. The deformation amplitude decreases rapidly to the east and decreases slowly to the west, which is consistent with the interpretation results of seismic reflection profile and the calculation results of shortening. The Xihu anticline is a detachment fold with the growth type of limb rotation. The deformation of Xihu anticline is calculated by area depth strain analysis method. The shortening of five seismic reflection sections A, B, C, D and E is(650±70) m, (1 070±70) m, (780±50) m, (200±40) m and(130±30) m, respectively. The shortening amount is the largest near the seismic reflection profile B of the anticline, and decreases gradually along the strike to the east and west ends of the anticline, with a more rapidly decrease to the east, which indicates that the topographic high point is also a structural high point. The excess area caused by the inflow of external material or outflow of internal matter is between -0.34km2 to 0.56km2. The average shortening of the Xihubei anticline is between(60±10) m and(130±40) m, and the excess area caused by the inflow of external material is between 0.50km2 and 0.74km2. The initial locations of the growth strata at the east part is about 1.9~2.0km underground, and the initial location of the growth strata at the west part is about 3.7km underground. We can see the strata overlying the Xihu anticline at 3.3km under ground, the strata above are basically not deformed, indicating that this section of the anticline is no longer active. 相似文献
In this paper, by interpreting the five seismic reflection profiles across the anticline belt, and combining the characteristics of surface geology and geomorphology, we studied the types, growth mechanism, geometry and kinematics characteristics, and deformation amount of the fold. The deformation length of Xihu anticline is more than 47km from west to east, in which the hidden length is more than 14km. The maximum deformation width of the exposed area is 8.5km. The Xihu anticline is characterized by small surface deformation, simple structural style and symmetrical occurrence. The interpretation of seismic reflection profile shows that the deep structural style of the anticline is relatively complex. In addition to the continuous development of a series of secondary faults in the interior of Xihu anticline, an anticline with small deformation amplitude(Xihubei anticline)is continuously developed in the north of Xihu anticline. The terrain high point of Xihu anticline is located about 12km west of Kuitun River. The deformation amplitude decreases rapidly to the east and decreases slowly to the west, which is consistent with the interpretation results of seismic reflection profile and the calculation results of shortening. The Xihu anticline is a detachment fold with the growth type of limb rotation. The deformation of Xihu anticline is calculated by area depth strain analysis method. The shortening of five seismic reflection sections A, B, C, D and E is(650±70) m, (1 070±70) m, (780±50) m, (200±40) m and(130±30) m, respectively. The shortening amount is the largest near the seismic reflection profile B of the anticline, and decreases gradually along the strike to the east and west ends of the anticline, with a more rapidly decrease to the east, which indicates that the topographic high point is also a structural high point. The excess area caused by the inflow of external material or outflow of internal matter is between -0.34km2 to 0.56km2. The average shortening of the Xihubei anticline is between(60±10) m and(130±40) m, and the excess area caused by the inflow of external material is between 0.50km2 and 0.74km2. The initial locations of the growth strata at the east part is about 1.9~2.0km underground, and the initial location of the growth strata at the west part is about 3.7km underground. We can see the strata overlying the Xihu anticline at 3.3km under ground, the strata above are basically not deformed, indicating that this section of the anticline is no longer active. 相似文献
15.
通过对滇西NW—SE向牟定—香格里拉大地电磁测深剖面的反演并结合地质构造、小震精定位资料,综合分析了剖面经过地区的深部构造.在滇西北地区深部发育一规模巨大的近水平产出地壳高导层,此高导层从香格里拉一直延伸到永胜盆地以东,沿剖面水平延伸超过200km.地壳高导层又可分为两段,两段高导层在剖面上形成两个香蕉型相连的复合形态,高导层之上的高阻体则形成两个碗型相连的复合结构,碗型内部有向东倾斜的相对低阻带存在.滇西北地区整体构造格架可以解译为一套两个主推覆面构成的叠瓦式推覆系统,两个主推覆面高低起伏形成总长度超过250km的底部滑脱带.第一个主推覆面的长度超过150km,并在丽江东部上翘到接近地表,小金河断裂是其延伸到地表的主要破裂带.第二个主推覆面长度超过120km,过程海断裂后上翘并在永胜以东地区出露地表.根据反向低阻带影像,可以推断推覆体反冲构造发育,在玉龙山至丽江以东和永胜盆地西缘至平川盆地东缘形成两处冲起构造.推覆面在剖面上呈现出平缓-陡峭-再平缓-再陡峭的断坪和断坡相间的阶梯状结构. 相似文献
16.
西南天山-塔里木盆地结合带浅深构造关系 ——深地震反射剖面的初步揭露 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
盆山结合部的浅-深结构样式是进行陆内造山动力学研究与讨论的重要依据.2007年,在喀什东的天山与塔里木盆地之间的过渡带上,完成了一条近南北向的长度为121 km的主动源深地震反射剖面,显示出盆山结合部现今地壳尺度的构造格架.剖面南部呈现出10~12 km巨厚的沉积盖层,沉积盖层内发育滑脱断层;盆山结合部多排隆起构造以及天山山前上地壳显现出向北倾斜的断裂与地表地质观察吻合;盆山结合带展现出滑脱与逆冲推覆构造相关的断层褶皱;与塔里木盆地稳定沉积层相比,在南天山浅、中层地层受到强烈的变形改造,导致地层比较破碎,反射变弱、连续性较差;时间剖面上可以追踪到比较连续的Moho反射,从南向北有加深的趋势.深地震反射剖面揭露出的西南天山与塔里木盆地的这些浅-深构造,展现出塔里木盆地盖层向南天山滑脱与南天山向塔里木盆地逆冲推覆的特征,反映出陆内汇聚下的盆山耦合关系. 相似文献
17.
Introduction Jiashi-Artux area in southwest Xinjiang is one of the most active earthquake provinces at pre-sent in Chinese mainland. In the last century, about 3/4 strong earthquakes in Chinese mainland hit this area, and especially from January 21 to April 16 in 1997, 7 earthquakes with the magnituderanging from 6.0 to 6.9 occurred in a very small area of 9 km×18 km near Jiashi (ZHU et al, 1998). It has never taken place before in Chinese mainland that a series of strong earthquakes shoo… 相似文献
18.
We relocated M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake and 2706 aftershocks with M⩾2.0 using double-difference algorithm and obtained relocations of 2553 events. To reduce the influence of lateral variation
in crustal and upper mantle velocity structure, we used different velocity models for the east and west side of Longmenshan
fault zone. In the relocation process, we added seismic data from portable seismic stations close to the shocks to constrain
focal depths. The precisions in E-W, N-S, and U-D directions after relocation are 0.6, 0.7, and 2.5 km respectively. The relocation
results show that the aftershock epi-centers of Wenchuan earthquake were distributed in NE-SW direction, with a total length
of about 330 km. The aftershocks were concentrated on the west side of the central fault of Longmenshan fault zone, excluding
those on the north of Qingchuan, which obviously deviated from the surface fault and passed through Pingwu-Qingchuan fault
in the north. The dominant focal depths of the aftershocks are between 5 and 20 km, the average depth is 13.3 km, and the
depth of the relocated main shock is 16.0 km. The depth profile reveals that focal depth distribution in some of the areas
is characterized by high-angle westward dipping. The rupture mode of the main shock features reverse faulting in the south,
with a large strike-slip component in the north.
Supported by the Basic Research Project of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration (Grant No. DQJB08Z03) 相似文献
19.
In this paper the authors have discussed the results of investigation of fine velocity structure in the basement layer of the Simao-Zhongdian DSS profile in western Yunnan region.The depth of upper Pz interface of the basement layer is about 0-3.5 km,and the depth of the lower P1 interface is 11.0-17.0 km.The velocity of the basement layer on the southern side of the Jinhe-Erhai deep fault is 5.70-6.30 km/s,and has increased to 6.30-6.50 km/s on the northern side.Their transitional zone is situated near Jianchuan County.Along the profile some localities,where the faults cut across the lateral variation of Pz interface velocity,are quite obvious in addition to the variation in depth.The velocity isopleths are relatively sparse in the southern region of JYQ S.P.(shot - point),near the DC S.P.,and in the south ZT S.P.The magma has apparently risen up along the deep faults to the upper crust in these localities,forming a large intrusive rock zone in the basement layer.In Jinggu region the basaltic magma has 相似文献