共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
张玉兰 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2009,(1)
通过对南海69站深海柱状剖面的孢粉成分的变化将该孔沉积层从下至上划分为5个孢粉组合带,1带:Quercus(常绿)-Pinus-Cyathea-Artemisia孢粉带(552.5～470 cm);2带:Pinus-Podocarpus-Quercus-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(470～350 cm);3带:Quercus(常绿)-Castanopsis-Pinus-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(350～250 cm);4带:Pinus-Podocarpus-Artemisia-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(250～140 cm);5带:Podocarpus-Cyathea-Quercus(常绿)-Pinus-Pol-ypodiaceae孢粉带(140～0 cm)。并相应恢复了南海东部64 ka以来3个植被、气候、古环境演替阶段,热带季雨林、热带北缘半常绿季雨林和热带季雨林。对69站柱状地层时代作了划分,孢粉1带相当于氧同位素3期,时代为Q33-2;孢粉2～4带相当于氧同位素2期,时代为Q33-3;孢粉5带为氧同位素1期,时代为Q4。 相似文献
2.
南海深海柱状沉积物中孢粉和藻类研究及古环境意义 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
张玉兰 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(1):73-76
对南海东南部323站深海柱状剖面高分辨率孢粉和藻类进行了研究，将323站从下至上划分为4个孢粉组合带，依次为：1带：Polypodiaceae-Piaceae-Pinus-Quercus（常绿）－Dacrydium-Gramineae；2带：Dicranopteris-Quercus(常绿）－Pinus-Polypodiaceae-Cyathea；3带：Polyodiaceae-Pinus-Cyperaceae-Quercus（常绿）－Lycopodium；4带：Dicranopteris-Pteridinium-Pinus-Cyathea-Polypodiaceae。并相应恢复了南海75000a以来4个植被、气候演替阶段，依次为：暖热而稍干的热带北缘半常绿季雨林－炎热、湿润的热带季雨林－暖热而稍干的热带北缘半常绿季雨林－炎热、湿润的热带季雨林，结合氧同位素测年资料，对323站地层时代划分作了讨论，为南海古气候、古环境演变研究提供了科学的依据。 相似文献
3.
通过对南海东部 149 站深海柱状剖面的孢粉、藻类研究,根据孢粉成分的变化将该孔沉积层从下至上划分为 4 个孢粉组合带.1 带:Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Umbellferae-Gramineae-Pteris 孢粉带(407～270cm);2 带:Dacrydium-Quercus-Cyathea-Pinus-Polypodiaceae 孢粉带(270～105 cm);3 带:Pinus-Polypodiaceae-Quercus(常绿)-Pteridium 孢粉带(105～30 cm);4 带:Gleditsia-Cyathea-Pinus-Polypodiaceae 孢粉带(30～0 cm).并相应恢复了南海东部 7.5 万 a 以来 4 个植被、气候、古环境演替阶段:热带北缘半常绿季雨林、热带季雨林、热带北缘半常绿季雨林和热带季雨林.结合氧同位素测年资料,对 149 站柱状地层时代作了划分. 相似文献
4.
通过对南海294站深海柱状剖面孢粉、藻类的研究,将294站从下至上划分为7个孢粉组合带: 带为Dacrydium-Pinus-Lithocarpus-Quercus(常绿)-Cyathea-Polypodiaceae; 带为Castanopsis-Lithocarpus-Dacrydium-Quercus(常绿)-Pinus-Polypodiaceae; 带为Quercus(常绿)-Castanopsis-Podocarpus-Cyathea-Polypodiaceae; 带为Polypodiaceae-Cyathea-Pteris-Pinus-Gramineae; 带为Quercus(常绿)-Podocarpus-Lithocarpus-Pinus-Cyathea-Polypodi-aceae; 带为Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Palmae-Mangrovepollen-Gramineae; 带为Dacrydium-Palmae-Mangrovepollen-Pinus-Cyperaceae-Cyathea。相应恢复了南海东部地区12万年以来5个植被、气候演替阶段,依次为:炎热、湿润的热带季雨林—暖热而稍干的热带北缘半常绿季雨林—炎热、湿润的热带季雨林—暖热而稍干的热带北缘半常绿季雨林—炎热、湿润的热带季雨林。结合氧同位素测年资料,对南海294站柱状剖面地层时代划分进行了讨论。 相似文献
5.
对南海北部C4站柱状沉积剖面进行了高分辨率孢粉、藻类成分的分析和研究,同时测定了部分样品的AMS14C年代,划分了该站柱状沉积物地层时代,相应恢复了南海北部9 800 a B P以来植被、气候、环境的3个演替阶段.南海北部C4站从下至上可划分成3个孢粉组合带,依次为:1带(258～194 cm):以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Polypodiaceae-Pterdium-Pteris-Dicranopteris-Adiantum为主孢粉带;2带(194～94 cm):以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带;3带(94～4 cm):以Pinus-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Quercus(常绿)-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带.与3个孢粉带相对应的古植被阶段依次为:伴有针叶树的常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林,热带半常绿季雨林,热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林,与周边地区的植被演替相一致.由此可见,研究区经历了全新世早期气候转暖,中期气候炎热、干湿季明显、海平面上升以及晚期气候暖热、湿润3个古环境演变阶段. 相似文献
6.
南海深海柱状样沉积孢粉藻类组合及其古气候与古环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对南海149站和323站深海柱状剖面进行了孢粉与藻类研究,根据孢粉成分的变化将南海149站从下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带,依次为:1带:Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Umbellferae-Gramineae-Pteris孢粉带(407～270cm);2带:Dacrydium-Quercus-Cyathea-Pinus-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(270～105cm);3带:Pinus-Polypodiaceae-Quercus(常绿)-Pteridium孢粉带(105～30cm);4带:Gleditsia-Cyathea-Pinus-Polypodiaceae孢粉带(30～0cm)。323站也划分了4个孢粉带,与149站进行了比较研究。并相应恢复了南海东部7.5万年以来4个植被、气候、古环境演替阶段,结合氧同位素测年资料,对149站和323站柱状地层时代划分作了讨论,为南海古植被、古气候、古环境演变研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
7.
对南海北部C4站柱状剖面进行了高分辨率孢粉、藻类研究,部分样品作了AMS14C年代测定.根据孢粉成分的变化将南海C4站从下至上划分了3个孢粉组合带,依次为:1带(258-194cm)为以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Polypodiaceae-Pteridium-Pteris-Dicranopteris-Adiantum为主的孢粉带; 2 带(194-94cm)为以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主的孢粉带; 3带(94-4cm)为以Pinus-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Quercus(常绿)-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主的孢粉带.并相应恢复了南海北部9 800a BP以来3个植被、气候、古环境演替阶段,结合AMS14C测年资料,对C4站柱状地层时代划分作了讨论,为南海古气候、古环境演变研究提供了科学依据. 相似文献
8.
对南海北部B106站柱状剖面进行了高分辨率孢粉与藻类研究,部分样品作了AMS14C年代测定。根据孢粉成分的变化将南海B106站从下至上划分了3个孢粉组合带,依次为:1带(294~194 cm)以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Gramineae-Polypodiaceae-Pterdium-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带;2带(194~94cm)以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Polypodiaceae-Pteridium-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带;3带(94~4 cm)以Pinus-Polypodiaceae-Pteridium-Quercus(常绿)-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带。并相应恢复了南海北部11 000 aBP以来3个植被、气候、古环境演替阶段,结合AMS14C测年资料,对B106站柱状地层时代划分作了讨沦,为南海古气候、古环境演变研究提供了科学依据。 相似文献
9.
依据南海低纬地区SA09-040孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,自下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带。从孢粉成分的变化,重建了22.25ka B P以来的植被与气候变化历史。结果表明:孢粉主要来源于婆罗洲和周围岛屿,孢粉1带(22.25～16.6ka B P),低山雨林植被发育,为暖热气候,从测年时间看,当时为末次冰期晚期。孢粉2带(16.6～10.82ka B P,为末次冰消期),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶的松数量较多,当时的气温比现在低。孢粉3带(全新世早期,10.82～6.43ka B P),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶松属数量减少,气温比前期升高,海平面也上升。孢粉4带(全新世中晚期,6.43ka B P至今),全新世中期为炎热、湿润的气候环境,全新世晚期可能与婆罗洲现今的植被景观相近,为热、湿的气候环境。 相似文献
10.
长江口地区近7000 a来的植被、气候演变研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
长江三角洲地区的孢粉资料已相当丰富,但崇明岛地区以前孢粉研究资料较少,本文对崇明岛北侧的CY孔作了高分辨率的孢粉研究,详细地划出了大西洋期以来的9个孢粉组合带,并结合邻区钻孔孢粉资料研究,恢复了该区植被、气候演化的7个阶段。从大西洋中期起植被依次为：中亚热带含落叶树的常绿阔叶林;中亚热带北缘常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林;北亚热带北缘以松、栎为主的落叶阔叶、针叶混交林;中亚热带北缘常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林;北亚热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶、针叶混交林;北亚热带北缘含常绿阔叶树的落叶阔叶、针叶混交林;北亚热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶、针叶混交林。气候经历如下的波动：热暖潮湿—暖热湿润—温和略干—温暖湿润—温暖略湿—温而略干—温暖湿润,其气候波动与世界性的气候变化相一致,而且与海平面变化相吻合,从而为本地区古植被、古气候、古环境的重建提供了丰富的孢粉学资料。 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
12.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
14.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
15.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
16.
17.
Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
18.
19.
Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
20.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献