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1.
北秦岭松树沟榴辉岩的确定及其地质意义 总被引：9，自引：8，他引：1
松树沟石榴石角闪岩(榴闪岩)呈透镜状产于松树沟超镁铁岩旁侧的斜长角闪岩中,一直以来被认为是形成于接触交代变质或麻粒岩相变质过程。详细岩相学及矿物元素分析,在榴闪岩的基质矿物、石榴石幔部及锆石包体中发现残留的绿辉石,而且石榴石也保存了明显的进变质主、微量元素成分环带,表明松树沟榴闪岩为榴辉岩退变质的产物,至少经历了从角闪岩相到榴辉岩相再到角闪岩相的三阶段顺时针PT演化过程。锆石定年结果得到榴辉岩的变质年龄为500±8Ma,原岩结晶时代为796±16Ma,与秦岭岩群北侧官坡超高压榴辉岩的变质年龄和原岩年龄完全一致,也与北秦岭区域高压-超高压变质时代和原岩的结晶时代一致。表明松树沟榴辉岩与北秦岭造山带已发现的高压-超高压变质岩石一起都应是古生代大陆深俯冲作用的结果,而松树沟超镁铁岩可能是俯冲的大陆板片在折返过程中携带的俯冲隧道中的交代地幔岩。 相似文献
2.
《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
<正>夏日哈木镍矿区内出露的镁铁-超镁铁质岩体主要有4个,呈NW向分布于黑山-那陵格勒断裂的北侧,它们均侵位于金水口岩群的变质岩系中。Ⅰ号和Ⅱ岩体与成矿相关,其中Ⅰ号岩体为铜镍成矿岩体,Ⅱ岩体目前仅见矿化,Ⅲ号和Ⅳ号岩体(块)为镁质橄榄岩,为一套变质橄榄岩、糜棱岩化辉长岩和榴闪岩的蛇绿岩套组合(以下简称夏日哈木蛇绿岩)。笔者推测榴闪岩系榴辉岩退变质的产物,榴闪岩的原岩应为 相似文献
3.
《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
详细的岩相学观察和激光拉曼矿物包裹体研究,在松树沟及其邻区秦岭群片麻岩中的榴闪岩和斜长角闪岩透镜体中发现了石榴石+绿辉石的典型榴辉岩相矿物组合,以及指示超高压变质的微粒柯石英包裹体,表明北秦岭松树沟及其邻区是超高压变质作用的产物。北秦岭松树沟超镁铁质岩体旁侧的榴闪岩一直以来都存在着接触交代变质(黄月华等,1984)、麻粒岩相变质(钱加慧等,2013)和退变榴辉岩(刘良等,2013;Zhang et al.,1999)等多种成因观点。本次研究在该榴闪岩的基质矿物角闪石的核部、石榴石变斑晶的幔部包裹体及锆石包体中都发现了残留绿辉石,而且发现石榴石变斑晶保存了很好的进变质矿物包裹体和主、微量元素成分环带,表明松树沟榴闪岩为榴辉岩相退变质的产物,至少经历了从角闪岩相到榴辉岩相再到角闪岩相的三阶段顺时针p-T演化。另外,采用激光拉曼光谱分析方法,对丹凤地区秦岭群片麻岩的多个榴闪岩和斜长角闪岩透镜体进行了详细的锆石包裹体矿物学分析,在其中的一个斜长角闪岩的锆石中发现了超高压矿物柯石英,表明该斜长角闪岩为超高压榴辉岩退变质的产物。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究,得到松树沟榴辉岩的峰期变质年龄为(500±8)Ma,原岩结晶时代为(796±16)Ma;得到丹凤地区斜长角闪岩的峰期变质时代为(498±3)Ma,同时得到~450 Ma和~420 Ma两期退变质事件年龄;得到斜长角闪岩的围岩片麻岩的变质年龄为(502±4)Ma。其中榴辉岩和斜长角闪岩的~500 Ma的变质年龄分别来自锆石的石榴石+绿辉石以及柯石英包体的微区,应代表本区高压-超高压榴辉岩相变质的年龄。该年龄与秦岭岩群中已发现的官坡含金刚石榴辉岩(~500 Ma,杨经绥等,2002;陈丹玲等,2011)、清油河含金刚石斜长角闪岩(490±5.8 Ma;Wang et al.,2014)的峰期变质年龄一致,也与秦岭岩群区域片麻岩的~500 Ma的变质时代在误差范围内完全一致(刘良等,2013;Diwu et al.,2014),表明松树沟及其邻区榴辉岩与北秦岭造山带已发现的高压-超高压变质岩石一起都应是古生代大陆深俯冲作用的结果。 相似文献
4.
苏鲁超高压变质带的形成时代究竟是印支期还是新元古代争议始终很大。对山东胶南地区超高压变质带中超镁铁岩和榴辉岩的锆石激光拉曼、阴极发光和离子探针原位定年的研究获得超高压变质作用发生的时代为印支期。其中超镁铁岩含柯石英锆石的年龄为221±12Ma,该深成岩侵位时代为新元古代(581±44Ma)。此外,锆石中另有约400Ma年龄记录,可能代表岩石形成后另有一期热事件。榴辉岩的下交点年龄为228±29 Ma,与超镁铁岩含柯石英锆石年龄一致,代表超高压变质时代;上交点为中元古代(1821±19Ma),代表原岩年龄,后者与其片麻岩围岩时代相一致,说明榴辉岩是原位俯冲。 相似文献
5.
北秦岭松树沟超镁铁岩体是一个侵位于原秦岭群斜长角闪岩中的阿尔卑斯型橄榄岩。其岩体外侧有一石榴石斜长角闪岩接触变质带。利用Sm-Nd矿物等时线法获得该石榴石斜长角闪岩的年龄为983±140(2σ)Ma,它代表该岩体的侵位时代。该石榴石斜长角闪岩的ε_(Nd)(T)=+6.9±0.9,εS_r(T)=+16,f~(Sm/Nd)=-0.26,模式年龄T_(DM)=1089Ma。这些说明该斜长角闪岩是一形成时代与松树沟超镁铁岩体类似,来自亏损地幔并具有蛇绿岩Nd、Sr同位素特征的大陆边缘或岛弧玄武岩。因此,松树沟超镁铁岩及其围岩(斜长角闪岩)为一元古宙蛇绿岩,并初步证明了北秦岭在晚元古代已具有板块构造体制。考虑到该带还广泛发育有古生代蛇绿岩,因此从10亿年到3.5亿年(古生蛇绿岩侵位时代),华北陆块南缘的陆壳增生是非常有限的。 相似文献
6.
北秦岭松树沟超镁铁质岩体接触变质带中锆石特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松树沟超镁铁质岩体位于秦岭商丹断裂以北,是该地区出露最大的超基性岩体,以侵位方式与秦岭杂岩接触.该岩体主要由细粒纯橄榄岩、中粗粒纯橄榄岩和斜辉橄榄岩组成.对松树沟超镁铁质岩体接触变质带榴闪岩中锆石包裹体成分及锆石微量元素含量进行了研究,结果表明松树沟超镁铁质岩体与相邻的镁铁质岩(主要是斜长角闪岩)不是同一构造旋回的地质体.斜长角闪岩先形成,之后松树沟岩体侵位其中.斜长角闪岩的地球化学特征显示其具有MORB和IAT两个端员组分特征,很可能是秦岭群的组成部分. 相似文献
7.
天宇铜镍矿床的岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征：对东疆镁铁-超镁铁质岩体源区和成因的制约 总被引：24，自引：13，他引：11
天宇镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于新疆中天山地块与觉罗塔格构造带的分界断裂——沙泉子深大断裂的南侧约5km。岩体呈向北陡倾的岩墙状,地表出露面积约0.056km2。该杂岩体主要由辉长岩、辉石岩、辉橄岩和橄榄岩相组成,橄辉岩、辉橄岩和橄榄岩是主要的Cu、Ni赋矿岩相。镁铁-超镁铁岩的主量元素含量显示,天宇岩体属拉斑玄武岩成因系列,m/f为1.44~3.61,平均值为2.25,为铁质超基性岩（m/f=2~6.5）。稀土元素标准化配分模式为轻稀土富集型,Eu弱负异常或无异常,相似的稀土元素配分模式说明岩体的同源性。富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,说明源区可能有陆壳物质的混染。Nb/Hf、Ce/Pb、Nb/U、La/Sm、Th/Nb比值显示岩体可能经受上地壳物质的混染。锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究表明,岩体形成年龄为290.2±3.4Ma,与东天山地区镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩体的形成时间一致。锆石的Lu/Hf比值比较均一,且(176Hf/177Hf) i变化很小,说明源区性质比较单一。锆石的(176Hf/177Hf) i值为0.282625~0.282770,相应的εHf(t)均为正值（1.10~6.06）,Lu-Hf的单阶段模式年龄（tDM1）为674~884.7Ma,平均年龄为799Ma,比岩体的U-Pb年龄大,显示岩浆来源于亏损地幔或者源区有壳源物质的加入。上述岩石地球化学、年代学特征,为晚古生代古亚洲洋向南俯冲提供了佐证。 相似文献
8.
新疆库鲁克塔格地区兴地Ⅱ号镁铁-超镁铁质岩体的地球化学特征与岩石成因 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
兴地Ⅱ号镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于塔里木盆地东北缘的库鲁克塔格地区,形态为不规则的漏斗状岩盆,出露面积约10km2。岩石类型主要有方辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩、(含长)单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、方辉辉石岩、二辉辉石岩、单辉辉石岩、橄榄辉长苏长岩、辉长苏长岩、橄榄辉长岩、辉长岩等,岩石类型属拉斑玄武岩系列。岩体的稀土元素含量低(∑REE=10.73×10-6~77.44×10-6),富集轻稀土元素(La/Yb)N=4.06~7.73和大离子亲石元素(Cs、Rb、Sr、Ba),亏损高场强元素尤其是Nb、Ta、Ti、P等,δEu为0.90~2.46多数岩石显示出正铕异常。岩相学及地球化学特征表明,岩浆运移过程中主要发生了橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石的分离结晶作用以及斜长石的聚集/堆晶。原生岩浆为富镁拉斑玄武岩,岩浆源区为富集型岩石圈地幔,岩浆上升侵位过程中局部遭受了陆壳的同化混染。兴地Ⅱ号岩体与金川岩体具有很多的相似之处,而且兴地Ⅱ号岩体已见有铜镍矿化。因此,兴地Ⅱ号岩体具有很好的找矿前景。 相似文献
9.
茶尖1号岩体是茶尖矿床主要成矿岩体,其岩相组合为辉石橄榄岩、橄榄辉石角闪岩、角闪辉岩、辉长岩和闪长伟晶岩.辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年结果表明,茶尖镁铁-超镁铁岩的形成时代为239.6±2.6 Ma,属于印支期.结合红旗岭矿田已有年代学数据显示,红旗岭矿田成矿岩体形成时代具有由西南至东北依次变新的趋势.茶尖1号岩体的形成年龄明显早于红旗岭成矿岩体,矿床形成年龄差最大可达20 Ma,红旗岭矿区的镁铁-超镁铁岩浆的活动时间应开始于240 Ma之前且持续时间较长.茶尖矿床1号岩体中发现的捕获锆石核年龄为1.7 Ga和0.6 Ga,为镁铁-超镁铁岩浆混入地壳物质提供了直接证据.捕获锆石年龄与华北地台新元古代和中元古代构造－热事件相对应,表明其来源为华北地台基底. 相似文献
10.
达拉库岸镁铁-超镁铁岩位于东昆仑造山带南带之喀拉米兰晚古生代沟弧系,由二辉橄榄岩、单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、单辉岩、含长辉石岩和辉长岩组成。单辉橄榄岩和橄榄辉石岩中橄榄石均为贵橄榄石(Fo=84.55~89.08),其MnO含量为0.13%~0.29%,NiO含量为0.09%~0.28%;单斜辉石为透辉石和普通辉石,其MgO含量为15.12%~16.98%,Fe O含量为3.84%~5.34%,CaO含量为21.10%~22.95%;与蛇绿岩套中的同类岩石的橄榄石和单斜辉石成分存在较大差异,与夏日哈木和金川镁铁-超镁铁岩中同类岩石的矿物成分类似,表明达拉库岸岩体不是蛇绿岩套的组成部分,而是陆壳中的侵入体。单斜辉石成分表明其母岩浆为拉斑玄武质岩浆,可能形成于与俯冲有关的大陆边缘裂谷环境。达拉库岸岩体具有形成岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床的条件。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
13.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
14.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
15.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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17.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
18.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
19.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
20.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献