共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
针对巴准重载铁路高路堤,采用三维非线性有限元方法,建立了可考虑重载列车振动荷载作用的高路堤边坡稳定性分析的数值模型。通过引入强度折减系数法,分析了未加固和应用土工格栅加固的高路堤边坡的稳定性,据此考察了格栅长度与间距、边坡高度及路基上部荷载等因素对高路堤边坡稳定性的影响效应。数值模型中,路基土体采用莫尔—库伦弹塑性本构模拟,土工格栅选用线弹性本构模拟;通过计算ZK标准活载及等效土柱高度,换算得到路基上部荷载。研究表明：加固重载铁路高路堤时,土工格栅的应用限制了高路堤边坡的侧向滑动,有效地提高了高路堤边坡的稳定性;格栅增长、路堤高度降低能够提高高路堤边坡的稳定性,而格栅间距增大、路基上部荷载增加将降低高路堤边坡的稳定性。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
地震是诱发边坡破坏的重要因素之一,而抗滑桩是一种重要的边坡防治工程措施,因此开展地震作用下抗滑桩机理对于边坡防护具有重要的工程意义。本文以广东省梅州市茶阳车站为工程实例,运用ABAQUS软件建立三维模型,对地震作用下的桩土作用机理进行数值模拟分析。研究表明:(1)在地震作用下,边坡中上部水平位移较大,最大值为87.05mm,凹陷处水平位移远小于凸起处;(2)地震作用下抗滑桩会由于地震荷载产生远大于地震前的应力:静力作用下桩身最大值是147.24kPa,地震波输入14s时桩身最大值达到了326.36kPa;(3)地震作用下抗滑桩的应变亦远大于静力作用下的应变:静力作用下抗滑桩应变最大值是4.63×10~(-5),在地震波输入的第14s时桩身应变最大值是34.10×10~(-5)。因此在工程实践中对于地震作用下的抗滑桩边坡加固需要考虑桩的强度与刚度。研究结论对于边坡防治以及工程实践具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
5.
为避免震后建筑工程加固不合理导致再次受损,并为加固修复工程提供合理化建议,促进震后救灾工作顺利开展,提出震后建筑工程混凝土缺陷加固修复方法的研究。首先,对混凝土梁试件和混凝土柱试件进行设置,研究基于碳纤维布或外包钢套加固方法对混凝土梁和混凝土柱试件展开循环荷载试验;其次,通过混凝土梁试件滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性及耗能情况,分析不同加固修复方法的混凝土梁试件抗震性能;最后,通过混凝土柱试件延性及耗能、刚度退化和承载力退化情况,分析采用不同加固方法修复的混凝土柱试件抗震性能。试验结果显示：高配筋率可提升混凝土梁试件滞回特性,外包钢套加固混凝土梁试件滞回饱满程度较高、耗能较少,碳纤维布加固梁试件可将加载位移由10 mm延缓至30 mm,提升延性;碳纤维布加固可提升混凝土柱延性,外包钢套加固重度缺陷混凝土柱可以良好抑制其刚度和承载力退化。试验结果验证了碳纤维加固可提升震后建筑工程混凝土结构延性,外包钢套加固可抑制混凝土结构刚度、承载力退化。 相似文献
6.
考虑供需随机性的道路交通系统震害引发损失期望评估 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
借鉴可靠度理论，通过震后交通需求及道路震后通行能力的随机性分析并考虑灾后不同阶段的交通供需特性，进行交通系统震后阻塞发生的概率分析及引发损失期望预测，从而为抗震加固决策及震后交通管理及修复提供依据。 相似文献
7.
8.
针对辽宁首钢硼铁矿业有限公司露天采场开采深度大,边坡失稳滑塌问题日益突出的现状,通过工程钻探、大型剪切试验等手段得到各岩层属性参数,利用FLAC~(3D)软件对该边坡进行三维数值模拟,分析应力应变关系,得出变形较大及应力集中区域,通过与野外地质调绘确立的边坡破坏模型进行对比分析,验证本次数值模拟模型的可靠性,为边坡进一步治理提供依据。得出结论:辽宁首钢硼铁矿业有限公司露天采场边坡坡体尚未形成连贯破坏区,局部加固后可继续向下开采。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
The mechanism of slope instability due to rainfall-induced structural decay of earthquake-damaged loess 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hu Tao Mengmeng Zhang Li Gong Xi Shi Yijie Wang Guoqiang Yang Shaowei Lei 《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(3):100137
Natural loess slopes are characterized by a strong geological structure, which is an important factor in maintaining slope stability. The magnitude and duration of the earthquake may disturb the soil structure at different levels degrees, locally changing the arrangement between soil particles. The process of rainfall humidification weakens the cementation between soil particles, and the disturbance and humidification change the structural state of the soil, which in turn causes sliding of the slope along with the decay of soil mechanical properties. As slope instability is often the result of a series of post-earthquake ripple effects, it is of great scientific significance to study the mechanism of slope instability due to the structural decay of earthquake-damaged loess exacerbated by rainfall. In this paper, the impact of structural decay of loess on slope stability is simulated by GEOSTUDIO software under three conditions: pre-earthquake rainfall, post-earthquake rainfall and earthquake, taking the landslide in Buzi Village, Min County, Gansu Province as an example. The comparative analysis of the calculation results shows that the structural properties of the slope without earthquake disturbance are influenced by infiltration amount. When it is fully saturated, the structural properties are similar to those of saturated soil, and the safety factor is reduced by 12.9%. In addition, the earthquake intensity and duration have different degrees of structural damage to the soil. When the structure is fully damaged, it is similar to that of remodelled soil, and the safety factor is reduced by 45.84%. Notably, the process of the earthquake and the following humidification generates the most serious damage to the loess structure, with a reduction in the safety factor of up to 56.15%. The quantitative analysis above obviously illustrates that the post-earthquake rainfall causes the most severe damage to structural loess slopes, and the resulting landslide hazard should not be underestimated. 相似文献
12.
现浇生态混凝土应用于边坡灾害治理及生态恢复的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过研究生态混凝土的微观结构与孔隙率、透水性、强度三者的耦合关系,对生态混凝土的孔隙结构特征进行了分析,提出孔隙结构分布值R是影响生态混凝土的重要指标。通过对生态混凝土护坡的防冲刷机理分析和试验验证,提出了边坡生态恢复和灾害治理相结合的方法,即采用生态混凝土和预应力锚索框架格护坡。对河南洛阳段高速公路一侧的土质高陡边坡,在进行稳定性分析的基础上应用该方法,并且对后续的生态恢复效果进行了研究。研究结果表明：该方法适宜于坡度较大的边坡,结合预应力锚索框架格能对滑坡起到防治作用;降雨条件下抗;中刷能力强,植物覆盖率较高,对周围的生态恢复起到了一定的作用。 相似文献
13.
以基础设施直接经济损失为基础,利用统计拟合方法提出了基于损失的基础设施震后恢复重建工程资金快速评估方法,并以地震案例验算快速评估方法的可行性。该方法计算简单,可为政府相关部门提供恢复重建以及投资的建议,有助于地震灾区快速展开恢复重建工作。 相似文献
14.
突发地震灾害下,城市供水管网往往不可避免地会发生不同程度的破坏而导致城市供水功能的失效,对人们的生产生活产生了严重影响,快速对震后城市供水管网进行科学合理的功能修复,对于降低地震灾害损失具有重要意义。本文以城市供水管网为对象,针对震后管网系统功能评价及快速修复决策等问题进行了研究。在中国点式渗漏模型的基础上,采用基于破坏概率的渗漏面积计算方法,建立了考虑地震破坏随机性的管线渗漏流量计算模型;针对震后破坏管线展开了水力分析,并提出了以节点水头损失比为指标的节点服务性能失效状态量化方法;进而建立了震后管线的修复决策模型以及功能修复费用模型。研究成果可为震后功能修复工作中管线修复顺序及修复方案的优选提供科学依据,可显著提高震后应急救灾效率,实现城市供水功能的快速修复。 相似文献
15.
震后建筑群修复施工阶段工程造价动态控制比其他阶段更具有变动性,需要高精度和高灵活性的预控系统的运用才能保证工程造价不出现偏差。在此文中,设计震后建筑群修复施工阶段工程造价动态预控系统。相关人员可在用户登录模块进入系统界面,在系统的工程信息管理模块中,采用改进遗传算法构建震后建筑群修复工程造价模型,完成震后建筑群修复工程造价动态预控系统的设计。实验结果验证,本文所设计的基于改进遗传算法的造价动态预控系统能够有效实现震后建筑群修复施工阶段的工程造价动态预控,伴随造价样本数目的增多,误差率会逐渐降低,预控性能较好;且预控灵活性始终大于95%,使用局限性仅有0.04,实用性较高,能够为震后建筑修复施工部门的工程造价控制给予借鉴。 相似文献
16.
传统二维震害图像方法对震后区域进行研究时,由于其拍摄角度具有局限性,震后区域图像的视觉效果不理想。提出基于三维激光扫描技术的震后区域三维虚拟重建方法,采用三维激光扫描仪测量震后区域,获取该区域的点云数据,采用Cyclone软件合并点云数据后,得到震后区域拼接后的整体点云图,将该图点云数据进行去体外孤点、去噪声点以及点云取样等处理后实施封装,在封装的点云数据上采用Sketch模型实施贴图操作,实现视觉传达效果理想的震后区域三维图形的虚拟重建。实验证明,所提方法对震后区域的三维图像虚拟重建结果精度高、视觉效果好。 相似文献
17.
当前预测震后泥石流灾害损的方法所用时间较长,且预测结果误差较大,存在预测效率低和预测准确率低的问题。本文基于GIS技术的震后泥石流灾害损失耦合预测方法,采用GIS技术获取震后泥石流灾害的相关信息,根据获取的信息建立流域水量计算模型、固体物质量计算模型、泥石流起动模型,对泥石流的起动过程进行分析,在财产损失预测模型和人员损失预测模型的基础上构建震后泥石流灾害损失耦合预测模型,实现震后泥石流灾害损失的预测。结果表明:本文所提方法预测效率高、预测准确率高。 相似文献
18.
Near soil surface characteristics change significantly with vegetation restoration, and thus, restoration strategies likely affect soil erodibility. However, few studies have been conducted to quantify the effects of vegetation restoration strategies on soil erodibility in regions experiencing rapid vegetation restoration. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vegetation restoration strategies on soil erodibility, reflected by soil cohesion (Coh), penetration resistance (PR), saturated conductivity (Ks), number of drop impacts (NDI), mean weight diameter of soil aggregates (MWD), and soil erodibility K factor on the Loess Plateau. One slope farmland and five 25-year-restored lands covered by old world bluestem, korshinsk peashrub, shrub sophora, sea-buckthorn, and black locust were selected as test sites. The old world bluestem was restored via natural succession, while the other four lands were restored by artificial planting. A comprehensive soil erodibility index (CSEI) was produced by a weighted summation method to quantify the effects of vegetation restoration strategies on soil erodibility completely. The results showed that Coh, Ks, NDI, and MWD of the five restored lands were greater than those of the slope farmland. However, the PR and K of the five restored lands were less than those of the slope farmland. CSEI varied greatly under different restoration strategies, from 1 to 0.214. Compared with the control, these indices decreased on average by 68.2%, 78.6%, 72.7%, 75.8%, and 62.8% for old world bluestem, korshinsk peashrub, shrub sophora, sea-buckthorn, and black locust, respectively. The variation in soil erodibility was significantly influenced by biological crust thickness, bulk density, organic matter content, plant litter density, and root mass density. Shrub-lands via artificial planting, especially korshinsk peashrub, were considered the most effective restoration strategies to reduce soil erodibility on the Loess Plateau. The results are helpful for selecting vegetation restoration strategies and asking their benefits in controlling soil erosion. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Introduction The lifeline interaction is the mutual effect between a lifeline system and other lifelinesystems in the same district under seismic conditions. In other words, the reliability of a lifelinesystem, in addition to system oneself earthquake resistant performance, still depends on the reliability of other lifeline system which have functional connections or physical proximity with the lifeline system. For example, the function of water supply system also relies on the function of pow… 相似文献