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1.
Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Insulin-like Growth Factor on Cultured Cartilage Cells from Skate Raja porasa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ) on cartilage cells from proboscis of skate, Raja porasa Glinther, were investigated in this study. The cartilage cells were cultured in 20% FBS-supplemented MEM medium at 24℃. Twelve hours after culture initiation, the cartilage cells were treated with bFGF and IGF-Ⅱ at different concentration combinations. It was found that 20 ng/ml of bFGF or 80 ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ was enough to have obvious stimulating effect on the growth and division of skate cartilage cells. Test of bFGF and IGF-Ⅱ together, revealed that 20 ng/ml of bFGF and 80 ng/ml of IGF-Ⅱ together had the best stimulating effect on the growth and division of skate cartilage cells. The cartilage cells cultured could form a monolayer at day 7. 相似文献
2.
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｔｉｓｗｅｌｌｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄｔｈａｔｉｎｍａｍｍａｌｓ,ｇｒｏｗｔｈｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ (ＧＨ)ｅｌｉｃｉｔｓｉｔｓｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｉｎｇａｃ ｔｉｏｎｉｎｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ ｌｉｋｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ Ｉ(ＩＧＦ Ｉ)ｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｍａｉｎｌｙｉｎｔｈｅｌｉｖｅｒ.Ａｓｆｏｒｔｅｌｅｏｓｔｆｉｓｈｅｓ,Ｉｎｕｉｅｔａｌ.(1 985 )ｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｎｇｉｎｖｉｖｏａｎｄｉｎｖｉｔｒｏｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｏｖｉｎｅＧＨ… 相似文献
3.
A large yellow croaker,Pseudosciaena crocea,spleen(LYCS)cell line was established and the feasibility of using it for foreign gene transfection was evaluaed in this study.Primary culture of LYCS cells was initiated from spleen tissue pieces,which were cultured at 25℃ in Dulbecco’s modiced Eagle medium/F12 medium(DMEM/F12,1:1)(pH7.2),supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum,carboxymethyl chitosan,chondroitin sulfate,basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I).The cultured LYCS cells,in fibroblast shape,proliferated to 100% confluency 20 days later.Chromosome analyses indicated that the LYCS cells exhibited chromosomal aneuploidy with a modal chromosome number of 48 which displayed the normal diploid karyotype of P.crocea(6m+6sm+36t,NF=60).A LYCS cell line,with a population doubling time of 48.7 h at passage 60,has been established and subcultured to passage 70.Transgenic feasibility test demonstrated that positive green fluorescence protein(GFP)expression was observed in LYCS cells after pcDNA3.1-GFP plasmid transfection.In conclusion,a continuous foreign gene trans-fection feasible LYCS cell line has been established successfully.The cell line might serve as a valuable tool for studies of transgenic breeding and has potential applications for different kinds of cytotechnological studies. 相似文献
4.
Fe^2＋ acted as an accessorial factor for many cellular enzymatic reactions is very important for seaweed growth and development, but the Fe^2＋ requirement in nori had not been seen. Porphyra yezoensis cells were separated enzymatically and cultured in a series of sterilized seawater media containing various concentrations of Fe^2＋. The growth development and cell were investigated in this work. Through this experiment, two biologically-meant concentration scales were found, one is low concentrations, 12.1-102.1μg/L, 10-100 times than that in seawater, favoring the development of isolated cells of Porphyra and the other was high concentrations, more than 10mg/L inhibiting the cell growth, leading to the deformity and shrinkage of the cells. At the concentration of 50 mg/L, the cells stopped growing and died eventually. 相似文献
5.
A cell line,SHK,was derived from the kidney of spotted halibut Verasper variegates.The cell line was subcultured more than 40 passages in minimum essential medium(MEM)supplemented with fetal bovine serum(FBS)and 10 ng ml-1 basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).Cell morphology from primary culture and subculture was observed continuously by microscopy.The SHK cell line consisted predominantly of fibroblast-like cells.The cell line was able to grow between 20℃ and 30℃ with the optimum growth at 24℃ and with a reduced growth between 12℃ and 20℃.The growth rate of the cells increased as the proportion of FBS increased from 10% to 20% at 28℃ with optimum growth at the concentration of 20%.The doubling time of the cells was determined to be 44.8 h.Chromosome analysis revealed that 52% of the SHK cells maintained a normal diploid chromosome number (2n=46).The cells were successfully transfected with green fluorescent protein(GFP)reporter plasmids and the expression of GFP gene in the cells indicated the possible utility of the cells in gene expression studies.The cells were infected by lymphosystis disease virus(LCDV)and found to be susceptible to the virus in cytopathic effect(CPE)observation.The infection was confirmed by PCR and electron microscopy experiments,which proved the existence of the viral particles in the cytoplasm of the virus-infected cells. 相似文献
6.
When cultured under certain environmental conditions (25°C, light intensity 80 μmol/m2·s, LD 12/12, in enriched seawater medium with 7×10−4 mol/L NO3−N, 1.56×10−4 mol/L, PO4−P and supplements of other elements like Mn, Fe, I, etc.), male and female gametophytes ofU. pinnatifida kept growing vegetatively and propagated fast at average daily fresh weight increase rate of about 20%. The empirical formulaG
m=G
o·3m was established to estimate the output of vegetative gametophytes. Vigorous vegetative gametophyte cells began to form reproductive
structures (oogonium and spermatangium, when the temperature was lower than 25°C and other environmental factors were kept
optimal. The sufficient supply of gametophyte cells provided enough seeds for raisingUndaria sporelings on production scale. Controlled cross-breeding experiments using selected male and female gametophyte clones which
increase their cell number by mitosis instead of meiosis were also carried out in vitro. Juvenile sporophytes from the cross-breeding
had almost the same length and width increase rates as those of the control. The fact that vegetative gametophytes can be
purposely selected, propagated quickly, cross-bred, with the resulting sporophytes having almost the same characteristics
leads to a new way to select desiredUndaria strains for long time use without losing the desired economic characteristics.
Contribution No. 2696 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China. 相似文献
7.
We investigated the effect of CO2 enrichment and initial inoculum density on competition between Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo, two common algae seen in algal blooms. The initial inoculum density (0.2×104, 0.4×104, 0.8×104 cells/ml) had a significant effect on population growth and competition between H. akashiwo and S. costatum. The time required for population growth to reach the exponential growth phase and stationary phase decreased significantly
as the initial density increased. When the two species were cultured together, S. costatum tended to outcompete H. akashiwo, especially when present at higher initial ratios. CO2 enrichment (5 000 μl/L CO2) increased the maximum population density and carrying capacity of H. akashiwo but decreased these measures for S. costatum. Thus, CO2 enrichment favored the growth of H. akashiwo over S. costatum. 相似文献
8.
Survival, growth and immune response of the scallop, Chlamys farreri, cultured in lantern nets at five different depths (2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 m below the sea surface) were studied in Haizhou
Bay during the hot season (summer and autumn) of 2007. Survival and growth rates were quantified bimonthly. Immune activities
in hemolymph (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acid phosphatase (ACP)) were measured to evaluate the health of scallops at the
end of the study. Environmental parameters at the five depths were also monitored during the experiment. Mortalities mainly
occurred during summer. Survival of scallops suspended at 15 m (78.0%) and 20 m (86.7%) was significantly higher than at 2
m (62.9%), 5 m (60.8%) or 10 m (66.8%) at the end of the study. Mean shell height grew significantly faster at 10 m (205.0
μm/d) and 20 m (236.9 μm/d) than at 2, 5 or 15 m in summer (July 9 to September 1); however, shell growth rate at 20 m was
significantly lower than at the other four depths in autumn (September 2 to November 6). In contrast to summer, scallops at
5 m grew faster (262.9 μm/d) during autumn. The growth of soft tissue at different depths showed a similar trend to the shell.
Growth rates of shell height and soft tissue were faster in autumn than in summer, with the exception of shell height at 20
m. SOD activity of scallops increased with depth, and ACP activity was significantly higher at 15 and 20 m than at other depths,
which suggests that scallops were healthier near the bottom. Factors explaining the depth-related mortality and growth of
scallops are also discussed. We conclude that the mass mortality of scallop, C. farreri, during summer can be prevented by moving the culture area to deeper water and yield can be maximized by suspending the scallops
in deep water during summer and then transferring them to shallow water in autumn. 相似文献
9.
The in vitro effects of steroids, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and cyanoketone on germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD)
of striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) oocytes were investigated. All concentrations of HCG (5,10,50 I.U./ml), progesterone and pregnenolone at the highest
concentrations(lug/ml) were moderately effective in inducing GVBD, whereas 17β-estrodiol, cortisol, testosterone, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione
and 11-ketotestosterone did not stimulate GVBD. 17α, 20βdihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α, 20βdiOHprog) and deoxycorticosterone
(DOC) were the most potent steroids in stimulating final oocyte maturation. The results indicate that C21 hydroxylated steroids
are potent inducers of final maturation in mullet. Further, co-incubations with 17β-estradiol, cortisol and testosterone did
not alter the maturation-inducing effects of HCG or 17α,20βdiOHprog. Cyanoketone, a blocker of 3βHSD activity, was only partially
effective in blocking GVBD induced by HCG. This suggests that Δ5 (pregnenolone derived) and Δ4 steroids may be involved in
final oocyte maturation in this species. 相似文献
10.
As seedling culture is a crucial factor for successful cultivation ofGelidium, the authors researched tissue culture technology for producing seedlings. The morphogeny and experimental ecology were observed
and studied fully in 2–5 mm isolated tissue fragments. Regeneration, appearance of branching creepers and attaching structure
and new erect seedlings production and development were studied. Fragments were sown on bamboo slice and vinylon rope. The
seedlings were cultured 20–30 days indoor, then cultured in the sea, where the density of erect seedlings was 3–19 seedlings/cm2, growth rate was 3.84% day. The frond arising from seedlings directly was up to 10 cm per year. The ecological conditions
for regenerated seedlings are similar to the natural ones. The regenerated seedlings are suitable for raft culture in various
sea areas. 相似文献
11.
In laboratory conditions, effects of rearing temperature and stocking density were examined on hatching of fertilized egg
and growth of auricularia larvae of Apostichopus japonicus respectively. Data series like larval length and density, metamorphic time, and survival rate of the larvae were recorded.
Statistics showed that for A. japonicus, survival rate (from fertilized egg to late auricularia) decreased significantly with the increasing rearing temperature
(P<0.05). At different temperatures SGR was statistically significant as well (P<0.05) from day 1, and maximal SGR was found on day 9 at 24°C (159.26±3.28). This study clearly indicated that at low temperature
(<24°C), metamorphic rate was remarkably higher than at higher temperature (>26°C). Hatching rate was significantly different
between 0.2–5 ind./ml groups and 20–50 ind./ml groups. Rearing larvae at the higher density had the smaller maximal-length,
whereas needed longer time to complete metamorphosis. This study suggested that 21°C and 0.4 ind./ml can be used as the most
suitable rearing temperature and stocking density for large -scale artificial breeding of A. japonicus’s larvae. 相似文献
12.
ZHANG Zhengbin* LI Peifeng and LIU Chunying Institute of Marine Chemistry Ocean University of China Qingdao P.R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(3):239-242
1Introduction NOisadiffusible,gaseousfreeradicalthatplaysimportantrolesinanimalsandplants.Itfunctionsin diseaseresistance,abioticstress,celldeath,respira tion,senescence,rootdevelopments,germinationandhormoneresponses.Itisanunusualsignalinthatitis areactive,lipophilicandvolatilefreeradicalthatcanbecytotoxic.ThewidespreadbiologicalsignificanceofnitricoxidewasrecognizedbySciencein1992whichnamedthefreeradicalNO‘Moleculeoftheyear’,andin1998theNobelPrizeinPhysiologyandMedicinewasawardedforwor… 相似文献
13.
1 INTRODUCTION Red algae C. ocellatus lives in temperate zone of coastal area, and inhabits at substrates from high tide to low tide regions. Its life history is composed of three phases: tetrasporophyte, gametophyte and carposporophyte. Chondrus is one o… 相似文献
14.
Effects of salinity, light and temperature on growth rates of two species of Gracilaria （Rhodophyta） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Effects of temperature, salinity and light intensity on growth rates of Gracilaria lichenoides and G. tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia were tested. Eight to ten levels of each factor were first tested separately. The best growth rate was obtained
under the conditions of 32°C, 30 and 240 μmol/(m2·s) for G. lichenoides, and 24°C, 20 and 200 μmol/(m2·s) for G. tenuistipitata, respectively. Then a uniform design was used to evaluate the optimal combinations of the three factors. The best conditions
for the highest daily specific growth rates (% increase in wet weight) are determined to be 31.30°C, 32.10, and 287.23 μmol/(m2·s) for G. lichenoides (16.26%/d), and 25.38°C, 21.10, and 229.07 μmol/(m2·s) for G. tenuistipitata (14.83%/d), respectively.
Supported by the 908 Special Program (908-02-04-07), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2006CB400608),
and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University 相似文献
15.
16.
Laboratory culture experiments showed that <100μ mol/L nitrate, amonium or mixture of amino acids promote the growth of the
red tide organismProrocentrum micans Ehrenb, but that >100μmol/L of ammonium, or mixture of glycine and glutamate was harmful to growth, and that orthophosphate
wasP. micans’ main phosphorous source in the ocean. Presence of 80μ mol/L EDTA, 0.5 to 1 μmol/L Fe3+, 1.0 to 20.0 μ mol/L Mn2+ 0.1 to 0.4 μmol/L Co2+ in the culture medium could improve the growth ofP. micans. Vitamin B1 promoted growth, but vitamin B12 and biotin did not. The estimated minimum cell quotas (q
o) for nitrogen and phosphorus being 0.74 pmole/cell and 0.045 pmole/cell show that phosphorus (more than nitrogen) limits
the growth ofP. micans in the study area.
This project was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province. 相似文献
17.
Dolmatova L. S. Eliseykina M. G. Timchenko N. F. Kovaleva A. L. Shitkova O. A. 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2003,21(4):293-304
Pure fraction (92%–95%) of phagocytes (FP) and a mixture of amoebocytes (62%) and morula cells (38%)-FPMC- of the holothurianEupentacta fraudatrix' (Holothuroidea, Dendrochirota) were obtained by using ficoll-verographine step gradient. Basal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in FP quantified
by using reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) was more than twice that in FPMC. Thermostable toxin ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis (TST) at different concentrations (0.2; 0.5; 2.5 μg/ml, but not 0.1 μg/ml) stimulated NBT reduction in FPMC after 24 h incubation.
In FP, TST at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 μg/ml inhibited and at concentrations of 0.5 and 2.5 μg/ml stimulated NBT reduction
after 24 h incubation. Maximal effect was observed in FP and FPMC at TST concentrations of 0.5 and 0.2 μg/ml, respectively.
Addition of catalase (0.7 μg/ml) to the cells treated with TST (2.5 μg/ml) was followed by a decrease in NBT reduction compared
to that under toxin treatment alone. TST stimulated superoxide dismutase activity in concentration-dependent manner (maximum
at 0.5 μg/ml concentration in FP) after 24 h treatment, and this stimulation was prevented by a commercial catalase. Plant
lectin concanavalin A stimulated NBT reduction more than 5-fold in FPMC compared to the control. With addition of TST, lectin
stimulated ROS to lesser extent than that with lectin alone. When catalase, TST, and lectin were added into the FPMC simultaneously,
ROS increase was similar to that under lectin treatment alone. On the whole, data obtained indicated that ROS generation in
holothurian coelomocytes especially occurs in both stimulated and not stimulated phagocytes, and that changes in ROS production
by these cells may be one of the mechanisms of antibacterial protection of holothurians.
This work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research Grant (No. 00-04-48949). 相似文献
18.
the effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH), methyltestosterone (MT) and L-thyroxine (T4) on the growth of red sea
bream,Pagrosomus major, were investigated. Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg/1 for 2 h every 5 days resulted in significant increase
in both weight and length, but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the
37 day treatment period. Immersion in 0.1 mg/l T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher
survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high
mortality. In the second study, injection of 2 μg reGH/(g·wk) caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR)
of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4—week treatment period and maintained the increasing
trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4–6). Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg/(g·wk) resulted in a significant increase
in SGR during the 4—week treatment period. Intramuscular injection of 0.1 μg T4/(g·wk) also resulted in a significant increase
in weight. Injection of high-doses of MT and T4 inhibited growth and resulted in darkening skin, bulging eyes and thinning
body. In muscle chemical composition, the treated groups had no significant differences compared to the controls, but the
high-dose MT and T4 groups showed significant increases in lipid content. Potential practical methods for hormone application
in fish culture are discussed. 相似文献
19.
A full life-cycle toxicity test, combined with histology, on calanoid copepod Schmackeria poplesia was used to study the effect of bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO). The results indicate no sex-specific differences in TBTO toxicity.
Long-term mortalities of the copepods exposed to concentrations higher than 20 ng TBTO L−1 were significantly elevated compared with that of control, and larval development was inhibited when they were exposed to
40 and 60 ng TBTO L−1. The percentages of ovigerous females were reduced compared with the control (P<0.01) after 24 days exposure to concentrations higher than 10 ng TBTO L−1. Histological examinations suggest that exposure to TBTO might block the posterior end of the diverticula and inhibits the
production of egg sacs. A modified Euler-Lotka equation was used to calculate a population-level endpoint, the intrinsic rate
of natural increase (r
m), from individual life-table endpoints, i.e. mortality rate, time of release of first brood, sex ratio, the fraction of ovigerous
females among all females as well as the number of nauplii per ovigerous female. Apart from the highest TBTO concentration
(60 ng L−1), where all females aborted their egg sacs, 20 ng TBTO L−1 was the only concentration that significantly decreased r
m compared with that of control (an effect associated with decreased sex ratio). The results show that the S. poplesia is affected by prolonged exposure to low concentrations of TBTO. The full life-cycle toxicity test combined with histology
experiments provides more integral understanding of the toxicity of endocrine disrupters. 相似文献
20.
The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a model organism known for its unique combination of highly desirable molecular genetic, physiological and
morphological characteristics, was employed in the present study. The species was cultured in BG11 liquid medium contained
various initial concentrations of Pb2+ and Cd2+ (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/L). The experiment was conducted for six days and the metal induced alterations in the ultrastructure,
growth and pigment contents were assessed. Alterations in the ultrastructure of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells became evident with the increased (>4 mg/L Pb2+) metal concentration. The photosynthetic apparatus (thylakoid membranes) were found to be the worst affected. Deteriorated
or completely destroyed thylakoid membranes have made large empty spaces in the cell interior. In addition, at the highest
concentration (8 mg/L Pb2+), the polyphosphate granules became more prominent both in size and number. Despite the initial slight stimulations (0.2,
3.8 and 6.5% respectively at 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L Pb2+), both metals inhibited the growth in a dose-dependent manner as incubation progressed. Pigment contents (chlorophyll α, β carotene and phycocyanin) were also decreased with increasing metal concentration. Cells exposed to 6 mg/L Pb2+, resulted in 36.56, 37.39 and 29.34% reductions of chlorophyll α, β carotene and phycocyanin respectively over the control. Corresponding reductions for the same Cd2+concentrations were 57.83, 48.94 and 56.90%. Lethal concentration (96 h LC50) values (3.47 mg/L Cd2+ and 12.11 mg/L Pb2+) indicated that Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is more vulnerable to Cd2+ than Pb2+.
Supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council 相似文献