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广东省深圳大鹏湾沿岸沙堤粗颗粒石英热释光测年 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用粗粒(90-125μm)石英热释光技术对深圳大鹏湾沿岸沙堤和沙丘的10个砂样作年龄测定.初步结果表明,各小湾外缘白色拦湾沙堤形成于中全新世,约4.5ka-7.5ka B.P.;白色沙堤后侧和下伏的黄棕色老沙堤形成于晚更新世,约30ka-40ka B.P.;大鹏半岛南端西冲湾的沙丘形成于晚全新世,约1.5ka-2.7ka B.P.,沙丘后侧古潟湖前缘的洁白色石英砂层形成于60ka-70ka B.P.这些沙堤和沙丘除受波浪作用外,主要是风积成因的,其高程与海平面升降变化可能无大关系. 相似文献
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依据南海低纬地区SA09-040孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,自下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带。从孢粉成分的变化,重建了22.25ka B P以来的植被与气候变化历史。结果表明:孢粉主要来源于婆罗洲和周围岛屿,孢粉1带(22.25～16.6ka B P),低山雨林植被发育,为暖热气候,从测年时间看,当时为末次冰期晚期。孢粉2带(16.6～10.82ka B P,为末次冰消期),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶的松数量较多,当时的气温比现在低。孢粉3带(全新世早期,10.82～6.43ka B P),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶松属数量减少,气温比前期升高,海平面也上升。孢粉4带(全新世中晚期,6.43ka B P至今),全新世中期为炎热、湿润的气候环境,全新世晚期可能与婆罗洲现今的植被景观相近,为热、湿的气候环境。 相似文献
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本文根据作者多年的实地考察,并参考了有关文献,研究了莆田海岸近4 000年来的变迁与气候的关系。结果表明,4 000a,B.P.莆田岸线大约沿海拔5～6m一线分布,当时气温比现今高2℃;2 570a,B.P.莆田岸线约沿海拔4m 一线分布,当时气温比现今高1℃;1 400a,B.P.以来,莆田气候冷暖交替出现,海平面基本上也随之升降而升降。 相似文献
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海平面变化速率可以从地质记录中识别 ,分为长期 ( <1 0 0 0ka)、冰后海侵期 ( 2 0～ 7ka)以及其后的对于现代海平面的调整期 ( >7ka)。另外 ,还有仪测的历史记录。1 <10 0 0ka长期海平面变化的地质记录提供了一幅海平面自然波动的景象 ,表明海平面的变化是颤动的。深海沉积物的浮游有孔虫氧同位素( 1 8O/ 1 6O)比给出了冰期 /间冰期循环的大量海平面波动的证据 ,Vostok冰心提供了更为详尽的至少 4个循环的记录。这些周期大约为 1 0 0ka的循环已在东南澳大利亚地质记录和相关的氧同位素记录中识别出 ,这里的一系列滨岸沙坝的时代可追溯… 相似文献
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对位于东海内陆架泥质区的MZ05孔浅钻岩芯进行粒度、常微量元素、AMS~(14)C测年分析,获得2.90-1.80ka B.P.期间粒度和常微量元素随时间变化的高分辨率曲线。综合分析MZ05孔地球化学元素比值(CIA,Rb/Sr)曲线发现沉积物源区的化学风化强度变化可以分为3个阶段:2.90-2.70ka B.P.的增强期,2.64-2.35ka B.P.的减弱期和2.35-1.80ka B.P.的较弱期,反映该段时间内东亚夏季风的强弱变化。MZ05孔的沉积物敏感粒级(1.2～22.1μm)平均粒径指示晚全新世东亚冬季风波动频繁,呈现出3个各具特点的阶段:2.90-2.65ka B.P.属于中等频率波动的冬季风强盛期;2.64ka B.P.左右东亚冬季风由强转弱,2.60-2.35ka B.P.冬季风先减弱后增强;2.35-1.82ka B.P.为相对稳定的冬季风弱期。东亚冬季风的演化趋势在其他气候记录中也发现相应的降温证据,揭示全球气候变化的区域性响应。研究同时发现晚全新世研究区东亚冬、夏季风在百年尺度上呈现反相位关系。 相似文献
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福建深沪湾古森林遗迹和牡蛎礁发现的古地理意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了分布于福建深沪湾南岸潮间带的古森林遗迹和牡蛎礁。结果表明,古森林属陆相裸子植物,距今约8ka;牡蛎礁主要由近江牡蛎ostrea rivularis化石组成,其形成年代约距今3k—4ka,从而为研究该区的地壳运动、海平面升降和古地理环境演变提供佐证。 相似文献
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本文根据3个钻孔岩芯的~(14)C测年数据和微体古生物硅藻的分析结果,对福建沿岸晚更新世末次海侵及其海平面的变化进行了讨论。结果表明,福建沿岸晚更新。世的末次海侵约发生于44000—22000年B.P.间,海水表现为间歇性侵进形式,其中约在39000—34000年B.P.间曾发生一次海水退却。海平面的升降变化与这种海水入侵趋势基本上是一致的,当时的最高海面约出现在30000年B.P.,高度约达—15m。 相似文献
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对南海南部MD05-2897孔沉积物的分析显示,该孔涵盖氧同位素1~12期,底界年龄约为50万年。碳酸钙含量曲线形态基本与底栖有孔虫氧同位素曲线平行,即碳酸钙高值对应氧同位素轻值,呈现典型的大西洋型碳酸钙分布模式。碳酸钙含量在冰消期的高值出现及含量变化均领先于氧同位素,证明低纬海区"碳酸钙泵"对大气二氧化碳浓度和温度的作用。粒度分析显示,3~5μm组分含量曲线的变化与氧同位素曲线基本平行,说明它主要受海平面升降变化控制,可作为海平面变化的间接指标。而1.5~2.5μm粒级颗粒主要通过河流的悬浮搬运,直接受亚洲夏季风及其所带来降雨的影响,可间接反映夏季风的强弱变化。南海南部深海沉积中的季风记录具有0.1 Ma偏心率周期,40 ka斜率周期,20 ka岁差和10 ka半岁差周期等丰富的频谱,显示出低纬度海区气候变化对轨道周期的良好响应。 相似文献
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通过综合分析东海陆架南部EA05岩心上部30 m的岩性、有孔虫丰度和一些特征的地球化学参数,探讨了该段岩心的气候地层划分。该段岩心可依次划分为末次盛冰期(30~11.85 m)、冰消期(11.85~5 m)和冰后期(5~0 m)地层。末次盛冰期时气温低,研究区水深浅,沉积物中有孔虫丰度很低,且大多数热带浮游有孔虫种属消失,此时陆源物质输入量较大,沉积物中有机质含量高,黑潮对东海陆架南部影响小。随着冰消期以来气温回升,海面上升,研究区水深增大,岩心中有孔虫丰度急剧增加;陆源物质输入量减少,沉积速率降低。大约在16 ka B.P.左右,黑潮重新开始对东海南部陆架产生影响。在EA05岩心的6~5 m,3.4~3.0 m和1.4~1.2 m处分辨出了3个冷事件,可能分别对应于YD事件、8.2 ka B.P.冷事件和3.8 ka B.P.新冰期Ⅲ,反映出该地区冰消期和冰后期气候波动较大。 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献
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A vertically integrated model has been used to study the tidal circulation and currents in the Gulf of Kachchh along the west coast of India. The model is fully nonlinear and uses a semiexplicit finite difference scheme to solve the basic hydrodynamic equations on a staggered grid. The model is forced by prescribing the tides along the open boundary of the model domain. The flow is simulated both with and without the presence of the proposed tidal barrage across the Hansthal Creek in the Gulf of Kachchh. The results show a considerable change in the behavior of the tidal flow in the presence of the barrage. 相似文献
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利用中国GF-3卫星SAR和HY-2A卫星微波散射计的首次台风联合定量观测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
<正>The typhoon,as a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean with high wind speed and heavy rainfall,is one of the most lethal and costly of natural disasters for the densely populated countries of East Asia.It can be easily detected by space-borne sensors operated at microwave,visible or infrared bands(Liu et al.,2014).Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)is 相似文献
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Soil core samples fromRhizophora mangleL. andAvicennia schauerianaStapf & Leech forests from south-eastern Brazil were analysed for their total organic matter content and their sugars, amino acid and amino sugars composition. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents were higher inAvicenniathan inRhizophorasoils. The contribution of sugars and amino acids to the total organic carbon pool was constant with depth inRhizophorasoils whereas inAvicenniasoils it increased. Spectral distribution of sugars and amino acids showed a dominance of Ca-affine monomers, particularly acidic amino acids, and the sugar arabinose. Biogeochemical indicators derived from ratios of individual sugar and amino acid monomers confirm previous studies which showed that organic matter in both soils is mainly of mangrove origin. The results further suggest accumulation of organic matter inRhizophorasoils and a continuing degradation of organic matter inAvicenniasoils. The latter may thus release more nutrients to adjacent ecosystems thanRhizophorasoils. 相似文献
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《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):181-203
Orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus are unusual fish. They form dense aggregations that have fuelled lucrative fisheries at great depths (600–1 400 m), especially off Namibia, New Zealand and Australia. They are thought to be very long-lived (>100 years, maturity at 22 – 40 years), and to have exceptionally low natural mortality (M = 0.045–0.064 year?1) and slow growth rates (K = 0.055–0.070 year?1). In addition, they spawn large eggs and have low fecundity. These factors combine to make orange roughy highly susceptible to overfishing; most stocks are below 30% of pristine levels. Assessments are obtained from indices of catch rate and trawl, acoustic and egg surveys. Acoustic estimates are the most direct, but are confounded by the species' low target strength (?50 to ?53 dB)–attributable to the wax-filled swim bladder. Extracellular wax esters are stored in abundance and comprise mostly mono-unsaturated fatty acids, with low concentrations of the ω-3 fatty acid family. This unusual composition (resultant from the species' diet) ensures neutral buoyancy. Stock separation has been inferred mainly from biological studies, but genetic studies have also found differences among stocks within New Zealand and Australia. Deep-water habitat may be damaged by trawling operations and may take many years to recover, so in some quarters there is a call for a portion of suitable habitat to be set aside for preservation. Although Namibian orange roughy are shallower, smaller and younger than those in other stocks, the Namibian fishery sustained high catches for only a few years before quotas were reduced, from 12 000 to 1 875 tons. Three management lessons are suggested for developing orange roughy fisheries based on the Namibian experience: (1) imposition of catch limits during exploratory fishing; (2) starting the acoustic surveys earlier in the fishery, if possible; (3) greater reliance on trends in catch rate until a survey series has been established. 相似文献