共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 377 毫秒
1.
采用相关序列扩增多态性(sequence-realted amplified polymorphism,SRAP)技术分析野生草鱼和家养草鱼,并筛选与草鱼种质退化相关的分子遗传标记。共进行88对引物组合的检测,产生标记数目共计905个。依据标记在群体中出现的频率和变化规律,共筛选出21个可能与种质相关的特异性标记,对这些特异性标记进行测序并将测序结果进行BLAST分析,发现测得片段中有8个片段能在GeneBank中找到同源性较高的序列,而其他片段与数据库中序列的相似性较低。 相似文献
2.
【目的】挖掘更多中华鳖（Pelodiscus sinensis）性别分子标记,为中华鳖保护、繁育以及遗传多样性的分子机制等研究提供基础。【方法】基于中华鳖转录组测序数据,利用MISA和GATK挖掘中华鳖转录本中SSR和SNP位点信息,开发与中华鳖性别紧密相关的SNP标记。【结果和结论】共组装获得341 632条Unigenes,识别到14 804个SSR位点,含有SSR位点的Unigenes序列数量为13 904条,占总序列的4.1%。中华鳖转录组中SSR位点类型较为丰富,共识别到6种不同核苷酸重复类型,单核苷酸串联重复基元类型的含量最多（10 981个）,占总位点数的74.18%。SSR位点以重复11～15次为主（6 173个）,占总位点数的41.70%。转录组SSR的片段长度大部分集中在10～14 bp,占SSR总数的50.01%。搜索到32 299个SNP位点,SNP的分布密度为1/1 339 bp。SNP变异类型以转换类型为主,转换类型占70.05%,颠换类型占29.95%。SNP测序深度统计发现,在31～100范围内,SNP数目最多,占43.68%。初步筛选并鉴定出位于Ptp... 相似文献
3.
【目的】开发弓背青鳉（Oryzias curvinotus）三亚群体（下称“三亚青鳉”）遗传性别鉴定分子标记,为进一步挖掘其性别决定基因奠定基础。【方法】用染色体商（Chromosome quotient,CQ）法比较雌雄两性个体的全基因组重测序覆盖度,筛选潜在的性别特异性序列区域（CQ <0.1）并设计引物,通过PCR扩增验证引物区分三亚青鳉群体及其子代性别的适用性。【结果】经CQ分析筛选,CQ <0.1的特异性区域279个,设计引物279对。随机挑选的60对引物中,29对标记引物在三亚青鳉群体雄鱼中扩增得一个DNA条带,雌鱼无条带,均可鉴定三亚青鳉遗传性别。从29对引物中随机挑选2对引物（命名为Marker1和Marker2）进一步验证,引物Marker1、Marker2在雄鱼中扩增产物分别为791、556 bp,两对引物对三亚青鳉子代群体的扩增结果与亲本一致。用两对性别特异性标记对三亚群体的F2代全同胞家系94个个体进行扩增,结果发现F2群体自然性别比约1:1。【结论】性别特异性引物Marker1和Marker2均可对三亚青鳉群体进行遗传性别鉴定,在三亚青鳉野生亲本及... 相似文献
4.
建鲤与黄河鲤的RAPD分子标记及其杂交优势的遗传分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用RAPD技术对建鲤、黄河鲤及其杂交子代进行了遗传分析,筛选的33个引物共扩增出155条带,其中多态性片段为105条,片段S18-1600、S472-300具有种的特异性,可作为鉴别建鲤与黄河鲤的分子遗传标记。建鲤、黄河鲤及其正、反交子代群体内的遗传相似系数分别为0.8240、0.7921、0.7920、0.8569,黄河鲤与正交F1具有较高的遗传变异水平,反交F1变异最小。正交F1、反交F1与亲本(建鲤、黄河鲤)的遗传距离分别为0.2233、0.2436、0.1749、0.2026,说明子代均继承了较多的建鲤的遗传物质。分析了子代与亲本的RAPD标记类型以及各类型的条带数。应用PIT标记系统测定了子代的杂种优势并探讨了优势产生的遗传机理。 相似文献
5.
摘要：采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，从20对西大西洋笛鲷（Lutjanus campechamus）的微卫星引物中筛选适用于红鳍笛鲷（L．erythopterus）、勒氏笛鲷（L.russellii）、紫红笛鲷（L.argentimaculatus）和约氏笛鲷（L.johnii）基因组分析的微卫星引物，分析4种笛鲷的遗传多样性及系统发生。经反应条件的优化，从20对引物中筛选出17对可稳定扩增出特异片段的引物。通过测序证实扩增产物含微卫星位点后，以该17对引物对4个种的群体进行遗传多样性分析。其中16对可在约氏笛鲷、勒氏笛鲷、紫红笛鲷基因组中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带，分别有65％、65％、60％呈现出种内多态：15对可在红鳍笛鲷中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带，并且全部呈现出种内多态。四种笛鲷中，红鳍笛鲷的多态性最高，高度多态基因座占检测座位的66．67％；勒氏笛鲷的多态性最低，低度多态基因座占43．75％。获得3个种间特异性分子标记。用风和DA两种方法计算4种笛鲷的遗传距离，构建了系统发生树。 相似文献
6.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,从20对西大西洋笛鲷(Lutjanus campechanus)的微卫星引物中筛选适用于红鳍笛鲷(L.erythopterus)、勒氏笛鲷(L.russellii)、紫红笛鲷(L.argentimaculatus)和约氏笛鲷(L.johnii)基因组分析的微卫星引物,分析4种笛鲷的遗传多样性及系统发生。经反应条件的优化,从20对引物中筛选出17对可稳定扩增出特异片段的引物。通过测序证实扩增产物含微卫星位点后,以该17对引物对4个种的群体进行遗传多样性分析。其中16对可在约氏笛鲷、勒氏笛鲷、紫红笛鲷基因组中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带,分别有65%、65%、60%呈现出种内多态;15对可在红鳍笛鲷中扩增出重复性好的特异性条带,并且全部呈现出种内多态。四种笛鲷中,红鳍笛鲷的多态性最高,高度多态基因座占检测座位的66.67%;勒氏笛鲷的多态性最低,低度多态基因座占43.75%。获得3个种间特异性分子标记。用DS和DA两种方法计算4种笛鲷的遗传距离,构建了系统发生树。 相似文献
7.
采用PCR技术对2种亚洲龙鱼的mtDNAD-Loop全序列进行扩增和测序，序列结构分析和序列同源性比对结果表明，2种亚洲龙鱼的mtDNAD-Loop在靠近5’端有3个终止相关序列TAS（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ），靠近D-Loop的3’端有4个保守区域CSB1、CSB2、CSB3、CSB—D。在终止相关序列和保守区域之间是连续重复区域。经DNASP4．0软件分析，全序列中检测出多态位点数（S）为26，其中有17个转换，核苷酸多样性（Pi）为0．013，平均核苷酸差异数（K）为17．333。 相似文献
8.
五种鲤科鱼类生长激素cDNA的克隆和序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过RT-PCR方法,以草鱼、鳙鱼、鲫鱼、鲤鱼、齐口裂腹鱼等5种鲤科重要经济鱼类的垂体总RNA为模板扩增出其生长激素(fish growth hormone,fGH)的完整ORF序列,并克隆到pMD18-T载体上,命名为pMD-1(草鱼)、pMD-2(鳙鱼)、pMD-3(鲫鱼)、pMD-4(鲤鱼)、pMD-5(齐口裂腹鱼)。测序结果显示,ORF序列其长度均为633 bp。序列分析表明,所有ORF序列均以ATG为起始密码,以TAG为终止密码,编码210个氨基酸残基,推导的生长激素前体由22个氨基酸的信号肽和188个氨基酸的成熟肽组成。同源性分析表明,草鱼、鳙鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼和齐口裂腹鱼的fGH同源性在93.3%~99.5%之间。 相似文献
9.
鲤鱼（Cyprinuscarpio L．）体重和体长QTL的定位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用265个AFLP标记、127个微卫星分子标记、37个EST-SSR标记和16个RAPD标记（共445个标记）对大头鲤／荷包红鲤抗寒品系的F2代雌核发育群体44个个体进行基因型检测，构建鲤鱼（CyprinuscarpioL.）遗传连锁图谱；利用软件WinQTLCart2.5采用复合区间作图法对体重和体长两个性状进行了QTL定位分析。结果共检测到与两个与体重性状相关的QTL，分别定位到LG24连锁群（qBWh-24-1）和LG20连锁群（qBWh-20-1）上，可解释的表型变异分别为7.98％和20.05％；检测到两个与体长性状相关的QTL，分别位于LG2连锁群（qFS-2-1）和LG20连锁群（qFS-20-1），可解释的表型变异分别为5.69％和12.69％，4个QTL的加性效应均为负值。 相似文献
10.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)
根据Gen Bank中公布的对虾杆状病毒(Baculovirus penaei,BP)基因片段序列,设计1对特异性检测引物,建立快速检测凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对虾杆状病毒的PCR方法。用该方法对BP阳性虾进行PCR扩增,结果得到380 bp的特异性扩增条带,与实验设计相符,而对白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)、桃拉病毒(TSV)、传染性皮下及造血器官坏死病毒(IHHNV)阳性虾和健康虾的扩增结果为阴性。测序比对结果证实,该PCR方法检测结果准确,最低可检测出约1 pg的病毒DNA。利用建立的PCR方法对来自广东、广西、福建、海南和浙江的2 722份临床病料进行检测,共检出阳性病料133份,表明该PCR方法可用于对虾杆状病毒的临床快速检测。 相似文献
11.
1 INTRODUCTION Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is an important species in freshwater fisheries and ranks the first in world fish production (Li, 1993). China has a long history of aquaculture of silver carp that is very difficult for selective breeding because it has a long life cycle. However, development of cytoge-netics and modern molecular genetics built up a strong impact to the research on selective breeding. A rapid, efficient approach for establishment of a pure line of… 相似文献
12.
Three artificial gynogenetic clones of silver carp were produced for the analysis of restriction enzyme digestion patterns
of ND5-ND6 region from mtDNA of the clones. It is revealed that all intraclonal individuals shared completely the same digestion
patterns but among interclonal individuals did not. The three clones were mixed and cultured in a pond together for two years,
and restriction endonuclease digestion patterns of ND5–ND6 were used as genetic markers to assess the growth performance of
each clone.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39830300). 相似文献
13.
Sargassum horneri is a common brown macro-alga that is found in the inter-tidal ecosystems of China. To investigate the current status of seaweed resources and provide basic data for its sustainable development, ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) and SRAP (sequence related amplified polymorphism) markers were used to analyze the population genetics among nine natural populations of S. horneri. The nine studied populations were distributed over 2 000 km from northeast to south China. The percentage of polymorphic loci P% (ISSR, 99.44%; SRAP, 100.00%), Nei’s genetic diversity H (ISSR, 0.107-0.199; SRAP, 0.100-0.153), and Shannon’s information index I (ISSR, 0.157-0.291; SRAP, 0.148-0.219) indicated a fair amount of genetic variability among the nine populations. Moreover, the high degree of gene differentiation G st (ISSR, 0.654; SRAP, 0.718) and low gene flow N m (ISSR, 0.265; SRAP, 0.196) implied that there was significant among-population differentiation, possibly as a result of habitat fragmentation. The matrices of genetic distances and fixation indices (F st ) among the populations correlated well with their geographical distribution (Mantel test R=0.541 5, 0.541 8; P=0.005 0, 0.002 0 and R=0.728 6, 0.641 2; P=0.001 0, 0.001 0, respectively); the Rongcheng population in the Shandong peninsula was the only exception. Overall, the genetic differentiation agreed with the geographic isolation. The fair amount of genetic diversity that was revealed in the S. horneri populations in China indicated that the seaweed resources had not been seriously affected by external factors. 相似文献
14.
3种江珧同工酶遗传标记 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对江珧科的栉江珧、旗江珧及二色裂江珧三物种的 5种组织 (消化盲囊、肾组织、外套膜、后闭壳肌和鳃组织 )进行垂直板状聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离技术 ,研究江珧科的 SOD、EST同工酶酶谱 ,结果表明 ,不同种间的个体其酶谱表型有稳定的差异 ,同属的种间差异小于不同属的种间差异 ,即酶谱的差异程度与形态分类学中的亲缘关系相关。可利用其酶谱表型具有种特异性作为一种蛋白分子标记 ,应用于江珧物种尤其是经济品种的鉴定上 相似文献
15.
Isolation, cloning and sequencing of AFLP markers related to disease-resistance traits in Fenneropenaeus chinensis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Amplified fragment length polymorphisms （AFLP） technique was used to analyze the fingerprinting of four successive generations of Fenneropenaeus chinensis to reveal their disease-resistance traits. Some loci showed quite different genetic frequencies due to artificial selection, which implied that these fragments were putative markers related to the disease-resistance trait. We developed a simple and effective method to further characterize these AFLP fragments. Specific AFLP bands were cut directly from polyacrylamide gels, re-amplified, cloned and sequenced. Eight putative genetic markers were sequenced and their sizes ranged from 63 to 209 bp. The sequences were submitted to dbGSS （database of Genome Sequence Survey）; and the BLAST analysis showed low similarity to the function genes, indicating these markers were tightly linked to a disease-resistance trait but were not functional genes. 相似文献
16.
应用RAPD技术,从9个系列180种随机引物中筛选出16种,对笛(鱼周)属的画眉笛(鱼周)(Lutja-nus vitta)、金焰笛(鱼周)(Lutjanus fulviflamma)、金带笛(鱼周)(Lutjanus vaigiensis)进行种群内及种群间遗传学分析,并利用UPGMA确定了它们之间的亲缘关系。结果表明,三种鱼的种内遗传多样性指数(H)分别为,画眉笛(鱼周)0.1949,金带笛(鱼周)0.1107,金焰笛(鱼周)0.1673;三者的多态位点比例(P)分别为69.4％、47.8％和59.0％;金带笛(鱼周)具有较低的遗传多样性,且全带笛(鱼周)与金焰笛(鱼周)有较近的亲缘关系。三种鱼共检出10个可作为种的特异性鉴定的条带,可用于种质鉴定。 相似文献
17.
Unbalanced parental contribution and small effective population size(N e)are common issues during the artifi cial breeding of marine bivalves.The impact of hatchery-spawning practices on parental contribution,effective population size,the N e/N ratio,and genetic diversity are largely unknown.To address this,we conducted a parentage analysis on a complete 3×3 diallel cross of clam M eretrix meretrix using eight microsatellite markers.The genetic diversity of the parents was higher than that of their respective offspring in most crosses(8/9).Sires or dams from the same family contributed unequally to the pool of offspring from a particular cross,and the same parent clam exhibited large variation in parental contribution among different crosses.The variance in male contribution was higher than that of the female contribution in most crosses,suggesting that male contribution was more skewed than for females.The N e/N ratio for nine crosses ranged from 0.58 to 0.86.There was no linear relationship between the sex ratio and the N e/N ratio(P0.05).Moreover,a sex ratio closer to one-to-one does not necessarily mean a larger effective population size.A solution to small effective population size in commercial breeding programs is increasing broodstock numbers and attempting to maintain a balanced sex ratio. 相似文献
18.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique was used to analyze the fingerprinting of four successive generations
ofFenneropenaeus chinensis to reveal their disease-resistance traits. Some loci showed quite different genetic frequencies due to artificial selection,
which implied that these fragments were putative markers related to the disease-resistance trait. We developed a simple and
effective method to further characterize these AFLP fragments. Specific AFLP bands were cut directly from polyacrylamide gels,
re-amplified, cloned and sequenced. Eight putative genetic markers were sequenced and their sizes ranged from 63 to 209 bp.
The sequences were submitted to dbGSS (database of Genome Sequence Survey); and the BLAST analysis showed low similarity to
the function genes, indicating these markers were tightly linked to a disease-resistance trait but were not functional genes.
This research was supported by special funds from the National Key Basic Research Program (G1999012007) and the National High-Tech
Research and Development Program of China (863 Program. 2001AA620105). 相似文献
19.
罗非鱼4个选育群体遗传结构SSR分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用SSR分子标记分析了吉富品系罗非鱼的两个家系(GF1和GF2)以及奥利亚罗非鱼(Fo)和奥本尼罗罗非鱼(Fn)群体的遗传结构。结果显示,扩增后等位基因数为3～8个,随引物不同而异,14对引物共扩增60个等位基因,扩增片断大小在102～267 bp之间。微卫星分析表明,奥本尼罗罗非鱼(Fn)的平均观测杂合度(0.764 3)和平均期望杂合度(0.519 6)均最高,吉富尼罗罗非鱼(GF1)平均多态信息含量(0.419 5)最高;吉富尼罗罗非鱼(GF2)平均观测杂合度(0.614 2),奥利亚罗非鱼(Fo)的平均期望观测度(0.446 6)、平均多态信息含量(0.359 2)最低;因此,吉富鱼(GF1)的遗传多样性最高,奥利亚的遗传多样性最低。Hardy-Weinberg平衡遗传偏离指数(D)奥利亚(Fo)和尼罗(Fn)(0.463 4和0.478 9)明显高于吉富的两家系(0.234 1和0.250 0)。Fo与GF2间遗传距离(0.477 0)最大;而GF1和GF2间的遗传距离(0.302 7)最小,遗传相似系数(0.607 3)最大,可推断新一代吉富罗非鱼与本地选育群体有相对较远的亲缘关系,更具杂种优势。 相似文献