共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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根据氨基酸在成矿溶液中存在的可能性,继铅、锌、铜在含有中性及酸性氨基酸热卤水中迁移与沉积作用的实验研究之后,作者对方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铜矿在含有碱性氨基酸——赖氨酸热卤水中的溶解性,进行了模拟实验研究。结果表明,在含碱性氨基酸的热卤水中,从90～210℃的温度范围内,铅与锌的溶解量均从增到减,铅于150℃时达最大值(约4×10~(-6));锌于120℃时达最大值(约800×~(-6));铜的溶解量则于90℃时即达最大值(约80×10~(-6)),其后随温度升高而呈锐减趋势。这说明铅、锌、铜与氨基酸形成的易溶络合物,其稳定性不仅与金属和氨基酸的种类直接相关,而且还受温度的显著影响。 相似文献
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一些有机物对Ph、Zn、Cu迁移与沉积作用的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据一些有机物在成矿溶液中存在的可能性,作者相继就中性、酸性与碱性氨基酸,以及酒石酸在铅、锌、铜迁移与沉积过程中的作用,进行了模拟实验研究。结果表明,在从９０～２１０℃范围内,酸性氨基酸在热卤水中的存在,比中性和碱性氨基酸更有利于铅、锌、铜的活化、迁移。而酒石酸在热卤水中的存在,只在９０℃或更低时,才是铅、锌等金属活化、迁移的最佳温度条件。且无论哪种有机物在热卤水中的存在,随作用时间及温度的变化,不同金属的活化、迁移明显不同。这表明,金属与氨基酸或其它有机物形成的易溶络合物,其稳定性不仅与金属、氨基酸等有机物的种类有关,而且还受温度的显著影响。 相似文献
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西秦岭铀矿床含矿热液物理化学条件改变对铀沉淀影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了西秦岭铀矿床含矿热液物理化学条件的改变对铀沉淀富集的影响。研究表明，铀在相对还原条件下迁移，而在相对氧化条件下沉淀富集。铀的沉淀富集主要发生在含矿热液的温度、压力和氧逸度大幅度降低，酸性增强及氧化－还原电位增高的物理化学条件下。 相似文献
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根据包裹体分析资料和热力学计算结合矿床地质特征，本文研究了江西六二一七花岗岩型铀矿床形成的物理化学条件，并对红化（赤铁矿化）与热液铀矿化之间的因果关系进行了探讨。结果得到，热液铀矿化形成于中低温、中压、低氧逸度、高流逸度、中性至弱碱性的还原环境。成矿热液中，铀主要呈［UO2（CO3）2］2-和［UO2F4］2-形式迁移，至一定的物理化学条件下发生沥青铀矿沉淀。红化是矿前期高氧逸度流交代热液对围岩氧化所至，红化蚀变岩石因含有Fe3+，从而有利于热液铀矿化的发生。 相似文献
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热液中铅、锌、银共生分异的热力学探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过元素基本性质的对比以及热力学计算分析，探讨了热液中银、铅、锌的共生分异机制。在酸性至近中性条件下，氯配合物是它们在热液中的存在形式，其中锌氯配合物最稳定；在近中性到碱性条件下，硫氢配合物占主导地位，此时，银硫氢配合物相对最稳定。温度下降、[Cr]降低、pH升高及f(O2)降低，引起银、铅、锌配合物溶解度减小，发生沉淀分离；对于硫氢配合物，其稳定性主要受pH及还原硫浓度的影响。因此，配合物的不同存在形式以及配合物稳定性之间的差异，使得它们对热液条件的改变做出不同的响应，从而导致了热液中银、铅、锌在成矿过程中的共生分异。 相似文献
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相山铀矿田成矿作用的地球化学模拟 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
相山铀矿田是我国最大的火山岩型热液铀矿田，在地质地球化学和高温高压实研究的基础上，利用地球化学模式程序ＥＱ３／６模拟了成矿热水溶液的形成过程和减压排泄区铀成矿作用。计算机模拟结果表明，通过大气降水与碎斑熔岩相互作用，可以形成富含Ｆ和ＳｉＯ２等矿化剂的含铀热水溶液；由于铀以ＵＯ２Ｆ＾３和ＵＯ２（ＣＯ３（＾２－３等配合形式存在，非常稳定，即使在深部强还原环境中仍能能够迁移；酸性和碱性环境，尤其是强酸性 相似文献
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原生有机质及沥青的有机地球化学研究结果表明矿区存在微弱的热异常，地层中原生有机质含量极低，沥青是成矿过程中由含矿热液从他地带来的迁移型流体烃。流体烃在迁移时发生轻烃组分的分馏。在成矿部位，含有硫酸盐、铅锌和流体烃的深源热液（温度６０一］００℃）与携带硫酸盐还原细菌的大气降水汇合，流体烃发生生物降解和水洗溶解并引起硫酸盐的生物还原，生成硫化氢，导致铅锌硫化物沉淀，形成矿床。 相似文献
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金在碱性富硅热液中溶解和迁移的实验研究 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17
实验测定了金在碱性富硅溶液中的溶解度，并标定了Ａｕ与ＳｉＯ２之间的配合关系Ａｕ＾＋Ｈ２ＳｉＯ＾－４＝ＡｕＨ３ＳｉＯ＾０４在８０￣２５０℃的温度范围内，其平衡常数为ｌｇＫ＝－１．９８８９＋１００８５。１８／Ｔ（Ｔ为绝对温度）各温度下的平衡常数值与Ａｕ－ＨＣｌ－ＳｉＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ体系中得到的结果一致。它表明溶液在酸性和碱性条件下，ＳｉＯ２均作为配位体，与Ａｕ形成ＡｕＨ３ＳｉＯ＾０４在热液中溶解、迁移。Ａ 相似文献
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Amino acid abundances and stereochemistry in hydrothermally altered sediments from the Juan de Fuca Ridge, northeastern Pacific Ocean. 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Juan de Fuca Ridge is a hydrothermally active, sediment covered, spreading ridge situated a few hundred kilometres off the west coast of North America in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Sediments from seven sites drilled during the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Legs 139 and 168 were analyzed for total hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA), individual amino acid distributions, total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN) contents. The aim was to evaluate the effects of hydrothermal stress on the decomposition and transformation of sedimentary amino acids. Hydrolyzable amino acids account for up to 3.3% of the total organic C content and up to 12% of the total N content of the upper sediments. The total amounts of amino acids decrease significantly with depth in all drilled holes. This trend is particularly pronounced in holes with a thermal gradient of around 0.6 degrees C/m or higher. The most abundant amino acids in shallow sediments are glycine, alanine, lysine, glutamic acid, valine and histidine. The changes in amino acid distributions in low temperature holes are characterized by increased relative abundances of non-protein beta-alanine and gamma-aminobutyric acid. In high temperature holes the amino acid compositions are characterized by high abundances of glycine, alanine, serine, ornithine and histidine at depth. D/L ratios of samples with amino acid distributions similar to those found in acid hydrolysates of kerogen, indicate that racemization rates of amino acids bound by condensation reactions may be diminished. 相似文献
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Amino acids comprise from 15 to 36% by weight of humic substances from carbonate and non-carbonate sediments. Humic and fulvic acids extracted from carbonate sediments are characterized by an amino acid composition consisting primarily of the acidic amino acids, aspartic and glutamic acid. Humic substances from non-carbonate sediments have a distinctly different amino acid composition consisting primarily of glycine and alanine. Amino acid analyses of various molecular weight fractions of fulvic acids extracted from carbonates show that lower molecular weight fractions have appreciably higher relative abundances of the acidic amino acids compared to higher molecular weight fractions. Based on typical values for carboxyl group content in humic substances, acidic amino acids may be a significant contributor of these functional groups. Carbonate surfaces appear to selectively adsorb aspartic acid-enriched organic matter while non-carbonates do not have this property. 相似文献
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John I. Hedges 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1978,42(1):69-76
Sugars and amino acids condense readily to form polymers known as melanoidins that closely resemble natural humic substances. In this study melanoidins are formed by reacting glucose with each of three amino acids: glutamic acid, valine and lysine. The basic amino acid, lysine, reacts with glucose at a much greater rate than either of the other two compounds. The chemical properties of the melanoidins are strongly influenced by the amino acid from which they are formed. The nitrogen contents, acidities and electrophoretic behavior of the polymers all reflect functional group distributions inherited from the amino acids. These chemical differences strongly influence the extent of association of the melanoidins with kaolinite and montmorillonite clay minerals. Laboratory simulations suggest that melanoidin formation may be favored in marine environments where basic amino acids should preferentially condense with sugars to form nitrogen-rich polymers that have a great affinity for clay mineral surfaces. 相似文献
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氨基酸是生命物质中普遍存在的一类重要的有机化合物,它是构成蛋白质的“砖块”。一个最简单的氨基酸分子至少必须含有一个羧基和一个氨基的官能团。在生物的蛋白质中通常只包括有二十种氨基酸,叫做蛋白氨基酸。但是自然界还存在其它种类的氨基酸,因为它们一般不存在于蛋白质中,所以叫做非蛋白氨基酸。除了最简单的甘氨酸外,所有的氨基酸都含有一个以上的不对称的碳原子。含有一个不对称碳原子的氨基酸可以存在L和D型两种结构的对映体。所有的蛋白质氨基酸都属L构型。 相似文献
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秦岭造山带古热水场地球化学类型及流体动力学模型探讨——热水沉积成矿盆地分析与研究方法之二 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
采用地质类比方法, 结合秦岭造山带热水沉积岩相研究, 提出热水沉积体系概念。通过现代陆相及海相热泉和秦岭热水沉积岩相对比, 按化学成分可将古热水场划分为强酸性硫酸盐型、弱酸强碱碳酸盐型、以ＳｉＯ２ 为酸酐型、碱性富Ｍｇ 重卤水型、热卤水型及强酸性硼硅酸盐型等６ 种类型古热水场。并对典型热水场的地球化学类型特征及成岩成矿作用进行了讨论。在前人研究的基础上, 探讨了热水系统的流体地球化学动力学。提出了热水沉积成矿盆地中热水系统的两类地球化学流体动力学模型, 热水层流体系模型和不同成分、性状的热水混合体系模型。从热水系统的边界协同学约束条件、空间拓朴结构、流体通量动量方程及矿质大规模沉淀的地球化学动力学等方面对这两类流体动力学模型进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Interaction of organic compounds with calcium carbonate—III. Amino acid composition of sorbed layers
Nitrogenous organic compounds in sorbed surface layers and in calcified organic matter associated with calcium carbonate sediment particles consist of 40–50% amino acids, 2% amino sugars and 25% ammonia. In grain size classes > 20 μm these compounds are mainly contained in the calcified protein of carbonate secreting organisms but with smaller grain sizes—and consequently increased specific surface area—they are contained in sorbed layers at the mineral surface. The composition of the sorbed layer is characterized by a predominance of neutral amino acids, a relative enrichment of basic and weakly polar amino acids, and a deficiency of acidic amino acids in comparison with the proteinaceous matter of calcifying organisms. The respective abundances for sorbed and calcified matter are: 505 and 380 Res./ of neutral amino acids, 262 and 450 Res./1000 of acidic amino acids, 92 and 51 Res./l000 of basic amino acids, and 141 and 129 Res./1000 of weakly polar amino acids.The composition of the sorbed layer appears to be the result of sorption of proteinaceous matter from solution since it reflects the free and peptide-bound amino acid composition of seawater. The characteristic amino acid assemblage could also be the result of preferential decomposition of protein and subsequent enrichment of neutral and basic amino acids; however, sorption from solution appears more likely since the total amount of amino acids sorbed to calcium carbonate (0.58 mg m ?2) corresponds closely to the amount of protein known to cover one m2 of aqueous substrate in monolayer arrangement. Sorption from solution is further supported by the low arginine/ornithine ratios in both the sorbed layer and the natural dissolved organic matter. This process might lead to a characteristic amino acid spectrum in fine grained calcareous sediments that reflects the composition of the dissolved organic matter in seawater rather than that of the carbonate secreting proteinaceous matter. 相似文献
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含有机质热水溶液与金、铜、汞相互作用的实验研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文用实验方法研究了含有机质(脂肪酸、腐植酸,氨基酸、原油、油田卤水等)热水溶液对岩石中Au、Cu、Hg的淋滤活化作用．结果表明,含一定有机质的水溶液对岩石中Au的淋滤能力超过含NaCl、KCl等盐类的卤水,含有机质和盐类的卤水的地球化学性质基本上取决于有机质的地球化学行为。原油、油田卤水对HgS有较强的溶解作用,腐植酸及低分子的脂肪酸、氨基酸对HgS的溶解基本上不起作用。丙氨酸是岩石中Cu的有效活化剂,常温下可使岩石中46%的Cu进入水溶液。 相似文献