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1.
大兴安岭中南段铜成矿带已探明铜矿床众多,矿化类型主要为热液脉型与斑岩型.布敦化铜矿床由于同时存在两种矿化类型而备受关注,然而针对该矿区内相邻两个矿段（金鸡岭、孔雀山）成矿特征差异性缘由尚未得到解释,有关该矿床成矿机制综合研究尚显薄弱,整体成矿模式亟待建立.在综合前人研究成果基础上,认为布敦化矿区如此小范围内存在两种矿化类型,有可能与晚侏罗世成矿阶段构造演化的不同相关。布敦化挤压带两侧地质体发生垂向位移,孔雀山矿段所在部位（上盘）相对上升,得以形成浅成高温热液脉型铜矿.（165±2）~151.95±0.73Ma,极有可能在金鸡岭矿段深部存在当时未上升的黑云母花岗闪长岩,其内、外接触带极有可能形成浸染状铜矿化,可以作为今后该矿段找矿方向.在上述认识基础上构建布敦化铜矿床成矿模式,为揭示大兴安岭中南段铜多金属成矿规律奠定基础. 相似文献
2.
西秦岭李坝金矿床地质、同位素地球化学及其成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李坝金矿床位于西秦岭造山带中的礼-岷矿集区内,赋矿围岩为泥盆系浅变质细碎屑岩,矿床产于中川岩体的外侧热接触变质带内,矿体主要受断裂破碎带控制。本文在李坝金矿床地质特征研究的基础上,对赋矿围岩、花岗斑岩岩脉、矿石硫化物进行了LA-MC-ICPMS原位微区硫同位素测试及化学溶样法分析,对不同地质体的铅同位素进行了系统测定与示踪,测定了成矿流体的氢-氧同位素组成,并对与矿体相伴产出花岗斑岩脉进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年。研究表明,李坝金矿床花岗斑岩脉中黄铁矿δ34S值范围为8.19‰~10.06‰,赋矿围岩中金属硫化物δ34S值范围为4.94‰~9.81‰,矿石硫化物的δ34S值范围为4.94‰~10.82‰,矿石硫化物的硫同位素组成与矿区花岗斑岩及赋矿围岩的硫同位素组成相似,暗示成矿流体中的硫源主要来自受改造或变质的地层岩石与岩浆热液硫的混合。不同地质体的铅同位素组成变化范围较小,在Zartman铅构造模式图解中,样品投影点均落于造山带与上地壳演化线附近,矿石铅投影点与赋矿围岩及矿区岩脉的投影点重合,表明矿石中的铅可能来源于赋矿围岩和岩浆作用的混合。氢-氧同位素研究表明,成矿流体可能为变质流体、岩浆流体及地层建造水的混合热流体。矿区花岗斑岩脉与矿体相伴产出,花岗斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为223 Ma,与金矿化时间一致,暗示成矿作用与岩浆活动同时发生。李坝金矿床与矿区岩浆岩同为造山作用的产物,并且其矿床地质特征、同位素地球化学特征与造山型金矿床相似,为形成于秦岭造山带由碰撞向伸展转变环境下成矿物质来源复杂的造山型金矿床。 相似文献
3.
西藏驱龙斑岩铜矿S、Pb同位素组成:对含矿斑岩与成矿物质来源的指示 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
驱龙铜矿是西藏陆陆碰撞造山带冈底斯斑岩铜矿带内代表性矿床之一。本文对其含矿斑岩和矿石矿物进行了S、Pb同位素组成分析。驱龙矿床含矿斑岩与矿石矿物的硫同位素组成比较一致,含矿斑岩δ34S为-2.1‰~-1.1‰,黄铜矿δ34S为-6.3‰~-1.0‰,均值-2.76‰;硬石膏δ34S为 12.5‰~ 14.4‰,平均 13.4‰。成矿热液中的硫同位素基本达到了平衡,显示出岩浆硫组成特点。含矿斑岩的206Pb/204Pb范围为18.5104~18.6083,207Pb/204Pb变化于15.5946~15.7329之间,208Pb/204Pb为38.6821~39.1531之间;矿石矿物黄铜矿的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb分别为18.4426~18.5909、15.5762~15.6145、38.5569~38.8568。含矿斑岩与矿石矿物的铅同位素组成比较一致,它们的变化幅度较小,应具有相同的起源与演化历史。无论是岩石铅还是矿石铅,在铅构造模式图上均位于造山带铅演化曲线上。驱龙矿床硫、铅同位素数据暗示,成矿物质主要来自深源岩浆,含矿斑岩起源于西藏造山带加厚的下地壳熔融,具有幔源成分的混染。 相似文献
4.
辽东庄河金矿同位素地球化学特征及成矿时代 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
到目前为止,对辽宁庄河金矿尚没有做过系统的矿床地球化学和同位素年代学的研究。本文在成矿地质条件分析的基础上,对庄河金矿床的氢、氧同位素、硫同位素、铅同位素、碳同位素以及Rb-Sr同位素的组成特征进行了分析研究。氢、氧同位素组成表明成矿流体主要来源于岩浆热液,并与围岩发生了同位素交换;硫同位素和碳同位素组成表明成矿物质主要来源于地壳深部;矿石和花岗斑岩脉具有非常相似的铅同位素组成,暗示该矿床的形成和物质来源与此岩浆活动有密切的成因联系;石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄为143.0±5.8Ma,表明金的成矿期为燕山期。 相似文献
5.
哀牢山南段长安金矿床成矿物质来源:来自S、Pb同位素的证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
哀牢山南段长安金矿床是三江造山带哀牢山成矿带南段大型矿床之一,就位于甘河断裂的脆性破碎带内,赋矿岩石以下奥陶统砂岩和碎屑岩为主。目前已知各地质体内黄铁矿的硫同位素δ34S值变化范围为-3.49‰～+3.57‰,峰值集中在+1‰～+3‰;矿石与其他围岩及岩浆岩脉的硫同位素组成的对比表明,成矿热液中硫最可能源自于地层,或者部分混染了喜山期岩浆热液中的硫。矿石铅同位素组成为:208Pb/204Pb=38.722～40.649,207Pb/204Pb=15.604～15.813,206Pb/204Pb=18.788～19.761。结果显示其变化范围相对较小,说明矿石相对富集放射成因铅;矿石铅来源于成熟度较高的上地壳,显示矿床铅更可能源自区内的白云岩、碎屑岩、粉砂岩等沉积岩类。蚀变岩和岩浆岩类的铅主要显示出造山带铅源特点,暗示矿石铅源与矿区内岩浆岩相关性较小,应主要来自赋矿围岩。区内新生代岩浆活动为矿床的进一步叠加富集提供了热源和部分成矿物质。 相似文献
6.
铜陵冬瓜山层控矽卡岩型铜金矿床的成因机制:硫同位素制约 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
冬瓜山铜金矿床是铜陵矿集区乃至长江中下游成矿带中的一个重要矿床。矿床上部受石炭系层位控制,发育层状、似层状层控矽卡岩型矿体;下部受岩体及其接触带控制,在岩体及其接触带围岩中发育脉状、细脉浸染状矿体。上部层控矽卡岩型矿体中的矿石类型以含铜(金)石英硫化物为主,矿石硫化物矿物的硫同位素组成显示主要成矿阶段的硫同位素基本达到了平衡。矿石矿物中的硫化物和硫酸盐的硫同位素组成对比表明,冬瓜山矿床与斑岩型矿床相似,而与Sedex型和VHMS型矿床不同。结合矿床成矿物理化学条件和矿石矿物共生组合关系,根据硫同位素储库效应,认为冬瓜山矿床硫化物阶段成矿热液中的含硫物种以H2S为主(XH2S0.99),硫化物的结晶沉淀对成矿热液的δ34S值影响不大。应用大本模式,高温岩浆来源的热液与熔体之间的硫同位素分馏Δ34S为0‰～+5‰,依据岩浆岩全岩硫同位素组成可以确定岩浆来源热液的硫同位素组成为+0.3‰～+12.0‰。在高温(600～350℃)硅酸盐阶段和氧化物阶段,硬石膏与成矿热液之间的硫同位素分馏Δ34S为+5.0‰～+19.0‰,而在高温(450～350℃)氧化物阶段后期及低温(350～200℃)硫化物阶段,黄铁矿与成矿热液之间的硫同位素分馏Δ34S分别为-1.0‰～0‰和0‰～+1.5‰。据此计算的含硫矿物硫同位素组成理论值与冬瓜山矿床实测值基本一致,显示成矿热液流体中的硫源为岩浆来源。综合前人对区域及冬瓜山矿床的研究,本文认为冬瓜山矿床为与燕山期岩浆作用密切相关的层控矽卡岩型铜金矿床。岩浆及其平衡热液中较高的总硫同位素组成暗示岩浆混染了区域沉积地层中广泛发育的膏盐成分。虽然硫同位素组成特征显示区域沉积岩成岩过程中经历了明显的海水沉积作用和细菌硫酸盐还原作用,但冬瓜山矿床矿石没有保存海西期沉积成矿的硫同位素证据。 相似文献
7.
江西德兴朱砂红斑岩铜矿床H-O-S-Pb同位素特征及意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
江西德兴斑岩铜矿田位于扬子地块东南缘,毗邻赣东北深断裂;该矿田由富家坞、铜厂及朱砂红矿床组成,属世界超大型斑岩铜矿。本文在系统的野外观察及室内岩相学观察的基础上,通过H、O、S、Pb同位素地球化学研究手段,探讨该矿床的成矿流体及成矿物质来源。H、O同位素研究结果显示,矿石石英脉中石英的δ~(18)O值范围为8.4‰~11.2‰,与之平衡的δ~(18)O_(H_2O)值范围分别为0.44‰~3.14‰,含矿石英脉中石英的δD值范围为-73.2‰~56.9‰,成矿流体以岩浆分异热液及天水热液为主。矿石中硫化物δ~(34)S组成变化范围较窄,为-4.3‰~-0.9‰,多数集中在0值左右且在S同位素直方图上呈塔式分布特点,表明具有岩浆硫(0±3‰)的特征。矿石硫化物中Pb同位素组成比较稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb比值分别为18.079~18.643、15.545~15.578和38.058~38.595。朱砂红矿床硫化物中Pb同位素组成与德兴含矿斑岩大致相同,明显区别于源自双桥山群地层的矿石中Pb同位素组成,表明成矿物质主要来源于含矿斑岩,并非双桥山群浅变质地层。朱砂红矿床的流体来源为岩浆分异热液及天水热液的混合,成矿物质主要来自斑岩,矿床发育与斑岩体密切相关。德兴矿区三个矿床对比研究表明,朱砂红斑岩型矿床H、O同位素特征与铜厂斑岩铜矿床大体一致,成矿流体来源基本相似;三个矿床中S同位素表现为从东南的富家坞矿床向西北的朱砂红矿床由高到低的变化趋势,但变化范围基本保持一致,朱砂红矿床可能比铜厂矿床及富家坞矿床受更多围岩物质混染;三个矿床Pb同位素总体显示出壳幔混合铅的特征。三个矿床为同一成矿系统,矿床的差异可能源自岩浆与围岩混染程度的不同。 相似文献
8.
新疆三岔口铜矿床成矿流体性质及成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
三岔口铜矿床含矿岩体为海西中期的斜长花岗斑岩,矿体受构造控制.流体包裹体以气-液型为主,气液比较小,变化介于3%～7%之间.均一温度为140～280℃,成矿流体为低盐度、中低温热液.在成矿过程中随着硫化物的形成硫逸度降低,流体由弱酸性变为中性直至最后成为弱碱性.矿石硫同位素组成显示出幔源硫的特征,石英脉氧同位素组成表明成矿后期大量地下水加入成矿热液.矿石铅同位素组成为异常铅,富集放射成因206Pb和208Pb,样品线性关系良好,具壳一幔混合成因的特点.成矿模式年龄为245Ma.成矿物质主要来源于岩浆活动,同时与地壳物质的加入也有密切的关系.该矿床为与中深成相形成的斜长花岗斑岩有关的中-低温(岩浆-地下水)热液交代-充填型铜(钼)矿床. 相似文献
9.
江苏观山高硫型铜铅金矿床稳定同位素地球化学和成因意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
江苏观山铜铅金矿是典型的高硫型浅成低温热液矿床。本文通过对观山铜铅金矿床氢、氧、碳、硫同位素组成的研究,探讨成矿溶液中水、碳、硫的来源以及成矿溶液的演化。同位素测定显示石英流体包裹体水的δD=-90‰～-70‰,δ18O水=-8.9‰～-1.1‰;热液方解石流体包裹体水的δD=-90‰～-81‰,δ18O水=0.1‰～2.3‰。氢氧同位素组成说明成矿流体主要为与围岩进行过水岩反应的循环大气降水,不排除有少量岩浆水的加入。黄铁矿与黄铜矿矿石的δ34SV-CDT=5.8‰～9.9‰,平均值为7.6‰,表明该矿成矿过程中的S很可能是沉积岩来源的硫与岩浆岩来源硫的混合。矿床中可见较多的重晶石等硫酸盐矿物,这种高价态硫的矿物的存在显示其成矿溶液具有富集34S的特征,加上成矿过程中流体的沸腾导致H2S等气体大量逸出和残余岩浆流体富集34S,使得沉淀的黄铁矿、黄铜矿等硫化物同样具有富集34S的特征;热液方解石碳同位素δ13C方解石=-4.1‰～6.1‰,平均为δ13C方解石=1.3‰,显示其中的C主要来源于流体对流循环过程中对基底岩石中碳酸盐地层的溶解。 相似文献
10.
安徽铜陵冬瓜山铜(金)矿床成矿模式 总被引：22，自引：11，他引：11
长江中、下游断裂坳陷带是我国重要的铜、金、铁、硫成矿带,存在一系列块状硫化物矿床及与其伴生的矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿床.本文以铜陵矿集区冬瓜山铜、金矿床为例,探讨了这类矿床的成矿模式.冬瓜山矿床主要由层状硫化物矿体组成,伴有矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿体.层状硫化物矿体产于晚泥盆世砂岩和晚石炭世碳酸盐岩之间,具明显的层控特征,矿体下盘发育细脉-网脉状硫化物矿化以及硅化和绢云母化,矿体中伴有热水沉积岩,矿石具典型的沉积构造.燕山期岩浆热液对层状矿体进行了叠加和改造,改变了矿石的结构构造和矿石成分.黄铜矿交代黄铁矿变斑晶呈环斑结构或脉状交代结构,交代磁黄铁矿呈交代假象结构或交代残留结构.矽卡岩型矿体中黄铜矿的δ65Cu值为0.09‰～0.83‰,集中在0.23‰～0.83‰.层状矿体中黄铜矿的δ65Cu值为0.45‰～0.78‰,与矽卡岩矿体中黄铜矿的65Cu值大致相当,这说明两类矿体中的铜具有相同的来源.铜、氢和氧同位素研究表明,冬瓜山矿床铜来自岩浆岩,叠加的成矿流体主要为岩浆流体.提出了冬瓜山矿床属喷流沉积-岩浆热液叠生成因的成矿模式:在晚石炭世,海底喷流成矿作用形成了块状硫化物矿床,矿石成分以硫、铁为主;燕山期岩浆热液一方面对块状硫化物矿床进行改造,致使其富集铜等成矿物质,另一方面与围岩相互作用形成矽卡岩型和斑岩型矿体. 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
16.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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19.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
20.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献