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基于改进的DRASTIC模型对香溪河典型岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南方岩溶流域的地表水与地下水转换频繁,地下水环境对人类活动响应敏感,地下水环境脆弱。为探索岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价的方法,以岩溶流域为评价对象,选取植被覆盖率、地形坡度、土壤类型、地下水水位埋深、地下水补给模数、土地利用类型6个指标,通过改进DRASTIC模型的评价指标体系,建立了基于VTSDRL模型的岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价指标体系。以香溪河岩溶流域地下水为例,利用层次分析法计算了评价指标权重,基于地理信息系统的叠加分析功能对香溪河岩溶流域地下水脆弱性进行了定量评价。结果表明:香溪河岩溶流域地下水脆弱性以中等脆弱区为主,占比达到86.6%;地下水补给模数和土地利用类型对地下水脆弱性的影响作用最强,地下水脆弱性高的区域主要分布于溶丘洼地区,其面临农业活动污染的风险最大。该研究可为我国南方岩溶流域地下水脆弱性评价和岩溶水资源保护提供参考。 相似文献
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中国西南岩溶地区生态环境脆弱性及成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩溶环境是一种脆弱的生态环境。研究西南岩溶地区生态环境脆弱性的表现,并从水文地质环境和人类经济活动方面分析其成因。在此基础上提出西南岩溶地区生态环境问题防治对策。 相似文献
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岩溶地区生态环境敏感度评价研究——以乌江流域为例 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：11
岩溶地区作为一个独特的地域环境单元,具有环境承载量低、地表崎岖破碎、植被生长困难、生态系统脆弱、环境变化敏感的特点。本文以岩溶地貌极为发育的乌江流域为例,论述了岩溶地区生态环境敏感度评价的原则,探讨了敏感度评价的方法,通过分析人类活动与生态环境变化之间的关系,初步建立起了岩溶地区生态环境敏感度评价的指标体系。并在此基础上,利用层次分析法确定了不同影响因子（评价指标）对生态环境敏感度的权重,并据此计算出了流域内各县（市、区）的生态环境敏感度值,为流域的开发与治理提供依据 相似文献
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基于综合法的岩溶山区生态系统脆弱性评价——以贵州省普定县为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
基于主成分分析法,以贵州省普定县区域内的13个行政村落为例,对影响该区生态系统脆弱度的9个变量进行分析,并利用欧式距离公式确定系统的脆弱性。结果表明,耕地面积是影响生态系统脆弱度的最主要因素,占的权重值为0.189,其次是石山地区的平均坡度;在研究区域中有7个村落达到强度脆弱或极强度脆弱,其中偏坡村的潜在脆弱性和胁迫脆弱性为最大;作为一个整体评价单元,研究区的生态系统脆弱度为0.653,属于强度脆弱区。为此,今后应该积极采取相应的治理措施,尤其是注意从控制耕地开发利用规模上来恢复生态环境。 相似文献
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基于GIS重庆岩溶地区生态环境脆弱度评价 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
重庆岩溶区属典型的生态环境脆弱区,宜耕地资源不足,土地退化严重,承受自然灾害能力低,使岩溶地区的社会经济发展和生态环境的协调性差,可持续发展能力弱。本文以重庆市岩溶地区为例,选择碳酸盐岩出露面积、山地面积、旱坡耕地面积、石漠化程度(包括轻度、中度和高度)、森林覆盖率、水土流失面积、土壤侵蚀模数、滑坡体积密度、垦殖指数、人均耕地面积、农业人口密度等13项生态环境脆弱度影响因子作为评价指标,利用层次分析法赋予指标权重,然后构建模糊数学模型对岩溶地区生态环境脆弱度进行评价研究,基于GIS技术对评价结果进行等级划分。结果表明: 重庆25个岩溶区县中潜在脆弱区县3个,轻度脆弱区县10个,中度脆弱区县6个,重度脆弱区县6个。 相似文献
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基于SPCA和AHP联合方法的滦河流域生态环境脆弱性变化规律分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于生态敏感性-生态恢复力-生态压力度概念模型评价体系,选取表征地形、地表、气象、土壤、植被及社会经济因子的15项多系统评价指标,应用空间主成分分析（SPCA）与层次分析（AHP）联合方法,对滦河流域1985年、1995年和2005年3期生态环境进行脆弱性评价,并进行量化分级,获得流域生态环境脆弱性变化规律和成因机制。结果表明：流域整体脆弱性等级有减小趋势,潜在脆弱区域面积逐渐增大,而重度脆弱区域明显减小;西北山地和冀东沿海地区变化较为剧烈;人类活动已经取代自然条件,成为影响滦河流域生态系统的关键因子;流域人口的快速增长、气候条件的改变以及土地资源的不合理利用是区域脆弱性变化的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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青木关岩溶槽谷地下水水源地固有脆弱性评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
岩溶地下水脆弱性评价是基于保护岩溶含水层从而有效地管理和利用地下水提出的有效方法和手段。我国西南岩溶区大多数地区缺少应有的地下水保护带,地下水比较容易受到污染。通过采用改进的斯洛文尼亚模式,考虑四个因子:覆盖层(O)、径流特征(C)、降雨条件(P)、岩溶发育程度(K),对重庆市青木关岩溶槽谷地下水水源地的固有脆弱性进行了定量评价。结果表明:流域范围内12.6%为高脆弱性地区;43%为中等脆弱性;44.4%为低脆弱性区域。消水洞及周边100m和消水河及其两边10m,以及岩溶管道发育地区为高脆弱性区。大部分岩溶区为中等脆弱性区。砂岩地区为低脆弱性地区。评价结果与实际吻合。该评价结果为各级决策部门合理规划利用和保护地下水资源提供简单明了的科学依据。该方法对于川东岩溶槽谷地区脆弱性评价有推广价值。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献