共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
盆山沉积耦合原理在定量恢复造山带隆升剥蚀过程中的应用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
造山带的隆升剥蚀过程研究一直是地学界研究的热点和难点,而与造山带毗邻的沉积盆地则真实地记录了造山带隆升剥蚀演化历史。因此,通过对沉积盆地中沉积物的研究可以反演山地隆升剥蚀历史。基于这种思路,介绍了两种定量恢复造山带隆升剥蚀的方法,即裂变径迹热年代学方法和质量平衡法。前者利用样品碎屑单颗粒的裂变径迹年龄的统计分析确定其源区,并量化源区的抬升剥露及热演化历史,但要求对样品的沉积时代有很好的年代学控制,沉积后样品没有遭受热重置。后者则假定在一定时间间隔内,盆山耦合系统中物源区的地形变化总和与沉积区的碎屑沉积质量总和成正比,即隆升过程中产生侵蚀总量与毗邻盆地的沉积总量之间质量守恒,从而通过研究盆地中相应时间段的沉积总量、沉积速度来定量恢复古地形,反演造山带的演化,但盆山系统的界定以及地层定年的精度直接影响到恢复造山带隆升剥蚀过程的可靠性。 相似文献
4.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(5)
<正>南秦岭勉略缝合带蛇绿岩与火山岩赖绍聪,秦江锋著科学出版社出版造山带蛇绿岩和相关火山岩的岩石学和地球化学研究对反演造山带演化历史具有重要意义。本书运用现代火成岩成岩理论及岩石大地构造学的技术方法,对秦岭造山带勉略缝合带的蛇绿岩和相关火山岩进行 相似文献
5.
集集地震序列出现在沿台湾造山带西部的褶皱和逆冲断层带下 ,这个造山带是自５Ｍａ前以来沿菲律宾海板块西部边缘的吕宋火山孤和中国东南部的被动大陆边缘正在进行的碰撞形成的。台湾造山带是研究碰撞过程的唯一天然实验室。第一 ,造山带大部分暴露在海平面以上 ,使其可以进行大量的野外调查 ;第二 ,褶皱逆冲断层带的初期可提供调查与被动边缘有关的构造可能活化的机会 ;第三 ,丰富的地震活动性可以检验造山运动的临界圆锥模式 ,这是一个以台湾为典型实例提出的理论。在台湾中部 ,认为是５ 小角度倾斜的底面滑脱控制了地质构造。为此 ,集集… 相似文献
6.
欧亚北极地区西部,西起北大西洋东岸,东至上扬斯克山脉,区域地质构造复杂。根据其构造特征,以乌拉尔-新地岛-泰梅尔造山带为界,可以分为东西两区。西区主要构造单元包括前寒武纪的波罗的克拉通与斯瓦尔巴微板块以及蒂曼造山带、加里东造山带和乌拉尔-新地岛造山带等,而东区主要包括西伯利亚克拉通及上扬斯克造山带。本区主要经历4次大的构造事件:(1)新元古代至早寒武世的蒂曼造山运动,使得波罗的古陆与斯瓦尔巴-喀拉微板块碰撞造山,形成蒂曼造山带;(2)早古生代,奥陶纪-志留纪的加里东造山运动,使波罗的与劳伦碰撞造山,形成加里东造山带;(3)晚古生代,哈萨克斯坦板块与波罗的古陆与西伯利亚古陆的碰撞,形成乌拉尔-新地岛-泰梅尔造山带;(4)早白垩世,科雷马-奥莫隆复合超地体及阿拉斯加-楚科塔微板块与西伯利亚大陆边缘碰撞拼贴,形成上扬斯克造山带和南阿纽伊缝合线。 相似文献
7.
大部分北太平洋边缘带是以侧向压缩地壳“侧向压缩流或称为造山流-译者注orogenicstream”为特征的。边缘带块体沿着西加拿大和阿拉斯加中部的大规模弯曲走滑断层向阿留申群岛-白令海俯冲带移动。在阿拉斯加链西部,整个中生代期间（可能更长）北太平洋边缘造山流发生构造逃逸。在移动过程中,相关的刚性块体发生古地磁旋转,雁列式断层边界通过这个系统从初始位置朝阿留申群岛一白令海俯冲带的自由边界移动。北太平洋边缘造山流模式含经典的地体构造,并为北美西部离散板块边界的移动提供了构造格架模式。 相似文献
8.
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(4)
为了解南海北部陆缘古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带空间延伸范围、褶皱和断裂构造发育特征,通过对研究区22条多道反射地震剖面资料的地层-构造解释,结合钻井岩石地层资料的综合解释,运用构造解析分析法、筛选法以及回剥法对位于南海北部陆缘的古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带的构造几何学基本特征进行了研究。综合分析筛除了新生代构造沉降量后的新生代地层底界面(反射地震Tg界面)的空间起伏形态特征和前新生代地层变形特征发现,古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带呈NEE向展布,其核部位于珠江口盆地东南部的陆洋过渡带下陆坡位置,即06号测线所在位置及其附近,琼东南盆地为造山带的NWW翼。此研究结果可为南海地区前新生代晚期大地构造格局重建、南海成因机制研究提供构造事实观测依据。 相似文献
10.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017,(6)
南海成因问题至今仍众说纷纭。作者以寻求南海形成演化的内因为着眼点,在大量地震剖面地质解释的基础上,运用构造解析法对南海南北陆缘前新生代基底地质构造变形形迹进行了系统的构造恢复和组合分析,发现了残存于南海南北陆缘中生代基底中的断层-褶皱具有碰撞造山带特有的背冲断褶构造特征,指出该古造山带的中轴位置大致沿现今双峰-笔架海山连线分布,并称之为古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带。结合南海地区新生代岩浆岩地球化学特征分析和南北陆缘新生代伸展构造特征分析,提出该造山带在新生代发生了山根拆沉的解体过程,并明确提出了该"山根拆沉"机制是诱发南海形成的根本原因。 相似文献
11.
The structural analysis of regional 3D seismic data shows evidence of long-term tectonic inheritance in Campos Basin, offshore Brazil. Main Lower Cretaceous rift structures controlled themselves by strike-slip deformation belts related to Proterozoic orogenic events, have been episodically reactivated during the divergent margin phase of Campos Basin, from the Albian to the Miocene. Balanced cross-sections of major salt structures indicate that such tectonic reactivations have been controlling thin-skinned salt tectonics, triggering pulses of gravitational gliding above the Aptian salt detachment. Additionally, major basin features like the Neogene progradation front and the salt tectonic domains are constrained by the main Proterozoic orogenic trends of the Ribeira Belt (NE–SW) and the Vitória-Colatina Belt (NNW–SSE). As the basement involved structures observed in Campos Basin can be attributed to general geodynamic processes, it is suggested that basement tectonic reactivation can be as relevant as isostatic adjustment and detached thin-skinned tectonics on the structural evolution of divergent margin settings. 相似文献
12.
Zhengxin Yin Zhourong Cai Cheng Zhang Xiaofeng Huang Qianru Huang Liang Chen 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(9):33-42
Identifying distinct tectonic units is key to understanding the geotectonic framework and distribution law of oil and gas resources. The South China Sea and its adjacent areas have undergone complex tectonic evolution processes, and the division of tectonic units is controversial. Guided by block tectonics theory, this study divide the South China Sea and its adjacent areas into several distinguished tectonic units relying on known boundary markers such as sutures(ophiolite belts), subduction-collision zones, orogenic belts, and deep faults. This work suggests that the study area is occupied by nine stable blocks(West Burma Block, Sibumasu Block, LanpingSimao Block, Indochina Block, Yangtze Block, Cathaysian Block, Qiongnan Block, Nansha Block, and Northwest Sulu Block), two suture zones(Majiang suture zone and Southeast Yangtze suture zone), two accretionary zones(Sarawak-Sulu accretionary zone and East Sulawesi accretionary zone), one subduction-collision zone(RakhineJava-Timor subduction-collision zone), one ramp zone(Philippine islands ramp zone), and six small oceanic marginal sea basins(South China Sea Basin, Sulu Sea Basin, Sulawesi Sea Basin, Banda Sea Basin, Makassar Basin, and Andaman Sea Basin). This division reflects the tectonic activities, crustal structural properties, and evolutionary records of each evaluated tectonic unit. It is of great theoretical and practical importance to understand the tectonic framework to support the exploration of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea and its adjacent areas. 相似文献
13.
布容法则及其在中国海岸上的应用 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
布容（Ｂｒｕｕｎ）法则是预测海平面上升引起海岸侵蚀最早的方法也是最简单的方法。根据中国砂质和淤泥质海岸的情况,布容法则可定性地解释海平面上升与海岸侵蚀的关系,在满足它要求条件的海岸地段和发育时期,用它预测海岸侵蚀或许是可能的。但是,若不严格审查海岸环境和条件,把它作为海平面上升情况预测海岸侵蚀的普遍模式,有待更多的研究加以证明。 相似文献
14.
D. Civile E. Lodolo H. Alp Z. Ben-Avraham A. Cova L. Baradello D. Accettella M. Burca J. Centonze 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2014,35(1):37-53
Within the central Mediterranean, the northwestern sector of the Sicily Channel is the unique area where two independent tectonic processes can be analyzed: the building of the Sicilian–Maghrebian Chain occurred in Late Miocene and the continental lithospheric rifting of the northern African margin occurred since Early Pliocene. These two geodynamic processes generated a peculiar structural style that is largely recognizable in the Adventure Plateau. This plateau is the shallowest part of the Sicily Channel, where water depths do not generally exceed 150 m. It hosts several areas of geomorphic relief, which in some cases rise up to less than 20 m beneath sea-level. A series of submarine magmatic manifestations occur in this area, mainly associated with the extensional phase which produced the rift-related depressions of Pantelleria, Malta and Linosa. Seismic-stratigraphic and structural analyses, based on a large set of multichannel seismic reflection profiles and well information acquired mostly for commercial purposes in the 1970s and 1980s, have allowed us to reconstruct the Triassic-Quaternary sedimentary succession of the Adventure Plateau and define its structural setting. A broad lithological distinction can be made between the successions ranging from Triassic to Paleogene, predominantly carbonate, and the successions ranging from Miocene to Quaternary, predominantly siliciclastic. Three main structural belts have been identified within the Adventure Plateau: (1) the northern belt, affected during Late Miocene time by ESE-verging thrusts belonging to the External Thrust System orogenic domain, which represents the lowermost structural level of the Sicilian–Maghrebian Orogen; (2) the Apenninic–Maghrebian domain of the Sicilian–Maghrebian Orogen, which occupies the northwestern sector of the Adventure Plateau, and that is overthrusted on the External Thrust System orogenic domain during the Late Miocene; (3) the extensional belt of the southwestern sector of the Adventure Plateau, affected by broad NW-trending, high-angle normal faults associated with the Early Pliocene continental rifting phase. The eastern boundary of the Adventure Plateau corresponds to a broadly N–S trending lithospheric transfer zone separating two sectors of the Sicily Channel characterized by a different tectonic evolution. 相似文献
15.
中国东部海区及邻域区域构造图的编制方法及地质构造单元划分 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国东部海区及邻域1:1 000 000地质地球物理系列图将于2008年底出版,区域构造图是其中的主要专业图件之一。讨论了该专业图件的编图方法、地质构造单元的划分方法和主要地质构造单元。首次对黄海东海区进行了全面剥皮编图,剥去了Q+N2地层。对于沉积盆地用等厚度线表示出了新生界的厚度。地质构造单元划分方法是以板块构造理论为指导并以现今的构造特征为主要划分依据。板块内构造单元的划分是在总结国内外多种构造单元划分方法的基础上进行了修改完善,完成了对我国东部海区及邻域的地质构造单元的划分。区内一级构造单元为板块(太平洋板块、欧亚板块和菲律宾海板块),二级构造单元为构造域(东亚大陆构造域、东亚大陆边缘构造域和西太平洋构造域)。西太平洋构造域主要包括太平洋板块的西部及菲律宾海板块。欧亚板块在该区的部分可分为东亚大陆边缘构造域和东亚大陆构造域。东亚大陆边缘构造域由日本琉球岛弧、冲绳海槽弧后盆地、日本海弧后盆地等次级构造单元构成。东亚大陆构造域在该区内由中朝地块、扬子地块、华南地块等次级构造单元构成。各地块又可划分出盆地、隆褶带、隆起区等多个次一级地质构造单元。最低一级的地质构造单元为凸起和凹陷。 相似文献
16.
Giorgio Ranalli 《Marine Geology》1974,17(1):M27-M34
A critical analysis of the geometric properties of oceanic fracture zones leads to the conclusion that their identification with ridge—ridge transform faults is an oversimplification. Models are presented, and examples are given, of processes (asymmetric spreading and differential spreading) which can alter the ridge-fracture zone pattern and extend active shear within lithospheric plates. These processes have a number of interesting tectonic consequences and could offer an explanation for, among other things, belts of intra-plate seismic activity and reversal of slip directions along a strike-slip fault. 相似文献
17.
Cyclostratigraphy is the study of cyclic depositional patterns produced by climatic and tectonic processes. A global-scale quantitative cyclostratigraphic model is described which simulates carbonate growth patterns controlled by tectonic and climatic processes. The model uses seven factors simulating the effects of physical and chemical environments on the deposition rates of carbonate accumulations. These factors are sea-level change, the rate of basement subsidence, food supply (influence of nutrients), available sunlight, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The factors are considered as functions of climatic and tectonic processes. The model also integrates Milankovitch-induced short-term climatic changes with the long-term tectonic evolution of basins to examine the potential carbonate accumulation patterns. The two-dimensional computer model results provided here show that: (1) carbonate growth patterns in different climates and under different tectonic processes can be modelled quantitatively; (2) carbonate production increases towards the equator (decreasing latitude) as the temperature and nutrition supply increase in tropical belts, and production changes because of expansion or contraction of the tropical belt in different climatic periods; (3) when matched with the turbidity, the model describes different carbonate accumulation patterns in different climatic patterns; (4) at either abnormally high or low salinity, carbonate accumulation rates decline sharply, and the salinity becomes normal away from the strand line; and (5) cyclic sea-level changes cause a cyclic change of carbonate accumulation. A case study is presented from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Texas. The simulation results indicate that carbonate growth patterns observed from field, well or seismic data are accurately modelled by the quantitative procedure given here. 相似文献
18.
下刚果—刚果扇盆地油气资源丰富、油气成藏条件优越。但由于受到盐岩的活动及区域构造应力场的作用,形成了复杂的断裂系统。此文系统分析了下刚果—刚果扇盆地的断裂特征及其对油气成藏的影响,研究认为该区平面上主要发育5个断裂带,纵向上主要发育上下两套断裂系统。断裂的形成和演化可分为三个期次,相对应可将断层分为三个级别的断层。断层的形成机制主要有盐活动及盐构造、重力滑脱作用以及古地貌格局。烃源岩的排烃时间与第三期断层活动时间相匹配,非常有利于油气沿断层进行垂向和斜侧向运移。分析认为研究区主要发育沿断阶带—碳酸盐岩运聚成藏模式、沿断层垂向运聚成藏模式以及沿盐下砂体—盐窗和Focus点运聚成藏模式共三种成藏模式。断层封堵较好,油源断层高度决定了油气运移高度和油气田规模,直接控制着油气的分布层系及规模。研究成果可指导研究区或类似地区的油气勘探。 相似文献